Uncertainty analysis on aquatic environmental impacts of urban land use change

Uncertainties hamper the implementation of strategic environmental assessment (SEA). In order to quantitatively characterize the uncertainties of environmental impacts, this paper develops an integrated methodology through uncertainty analysis on land use change, which combines the scenario analysis approach, stochastic simulation technique, and statistics. Dalian city in China was taken as a case study in the present work. The results predict that the Fuzhou River poses the highest environmental pollution risk with a probability of 89.63% for COD in 2020. Furthermore, the Biliu River, Fuzhou River, Zhuang River, and Dasha River have 100% probabilities for NH₃-N. NH₃-N is a more critical pollutant than COD for all rivers. For COD, industry is the critical pollution source for all rivers except the Zhuang River. For NH₃-N, agriculture is the critical pollution source for the Biliu River, Yingna River, and Dasha River, sewage for the Fuzhou River and Zhuang River, and industry for the Dengsha River. This methodology can provide useful information, such as environmental risk, environmental pressure, and extremely environmental impact, especially under considerations of uncertainties. It can also help to ascertain the significance of each pollution source and its priority for control in urban planning.     

生态足迹模型的修正及其应用研究进展

生态足迹模型作为度量区域可持续发展程度的方法已用于多领域多层次的评价,也被越来越多的学者研究、分析、修正和质疑。文章在阅读该领域重要文献和报告的基础上,对国内外学者提出的各类生态足迹修正模型进行梳理,并聚焦于生态足迹与其他测度指标的结合以及其在战略环境评价中的应用,对生态足迹模型作为环境评估工具的潜力及其未来的研究方向提出个人的看法。     

农业区域战略环境影响评价中生态风险评价指标体系研究

生态风险评价是近几年逐渐兴起并不断发展的一个研究领域。它的产生适应于20世纪80年代环境治理目标和环境治理观念的转变。生态风险评价是对生态系统或其组分受到的风险进行评价。目前的研究实例主要有重金属污染对水域及土壤生态系统的风险评价,生物技术带来的生态风险评价,城镇化生态风险评价等,但是很少见到对农业生态系统的生态风险评价。农业在其经济中具有举足轻重的地位,因此对其农田生态风险进行评价,具有非常重要的理论及现实意义。本论文对农业生态系统的特点进行了叙述,提出了农业生态系统的风险评价指标体系的总体思路,再通过系统分析,最终构建了适合农业生态系统的风险评价指标体系。     

Research on Public Participation and Information Publicity in Strategic Environmental Assessment

Abstract

It has been generally recognized that strategic environmental assessment integrates environment and development into decision-making and becomes an important decision-making tool for implementing sustainable development. This paper firstly introduces the relationships of SEA, public participation(PP)and information publicity(IP), then discusses the key parts in enforcing the effective process of PP: They are the methods for how to make sufficient information open (What), when to implement PP (When), who will determinate the public (Who), and how to make the models of PP (How). Six cases are compared and analyzed. At last, ways to improve the effectiveness of PP in China is also presented.     

近岸海域环境功能区概念辨析及其存在的问题和对策

近岸海域环境功能区是进行近岸海域水环境管理的重要依据.随着经济和环境保护形势的发展,我国近岸海域环境功能区管理也应进行相应的调整.研究了近岸海域环境功能区与海洋功能区之间的差别,根据近岸海域环境功能区的定位,指出其应主要包含3个属性,即自然属性、社会属性和管理属性,因此近岸海域环境功能区划分应立足于保护当地的海洋生态系统,满足人类对近岸海域水体的使用功能,同时方便对近岸海域环境系统的管理.对近岸海域环境功能区目前存在的主要问题进行了分析,即超标严重、调整频繁、排污混合区设置不合理以及监管有待加强等.在此基础上,提出应突出近岸海域环境功能区战略定位,将近岸海域环境功能区划上升为国家标准,加强近岸海域环境功能区的生态保护功能,加快修编《近岸海域环境功能区划分技术规范》,并强化环境保护部对近岸海域环境功能区的监督管理等对策建议.      

Sustainable development strategies for China's Du Jiang Yan Water Resources Project

China's Du Jiang Yan Irrigation Project, dating back to 256 BC, is one of the world's earliest water resources projects. Although it has been benefiting the Sichuan Basin area for over 2000 years, it is facing increasing problems due to ecological deterioration, over-exploitation from local industries and agriculture, suboptimal resource allocation arising from supply and demand mismatches, and an aging infrastructure. The traditional water resources development model is no longer appropriate for current and future needs of the area. Therefore, a sustainable development framework is envisioned in which population, economy and environment coexist in harmony. Within this framework, major strategies, such as construction and renovation of infrastructure, promotion of water conserving irrigation through non-engineering measures, pollution control and ecological improvements, restructuring of management entities and exploration of new funding sources, are proposed. An evaluation system is also introduced to assess the degree of sustainability and to monitor progress towards a high level of sustainable development.     

山东省产业政策战略环境评价

战略环境影响评价(StrategicEnvironmentalAssessment,简称SEA)是环境影响评价在战略决策层次上的应用,是实现可持续发展战略的重要手段。首先阐述了产业政策SEA的内涵,分析论述了产业政策对环境的影响和山东省产业政策SEA的必要性,建立了山东省产业政策SEA的理论基础,最后提出了山东省产业政策SEA的初步研究框架。     

黄河中上游能源化工区重点产业发展战略土地资源承载力评价

结合黄河中上游能源化工区重点产业发展战略土地资源影响特点,探索了战略环评土地资源承载力评价方法和思路. 以土地资源优势、劣势、机会和威胁(SWOT)分析和主成分分析(PCA)为研究手段,构建了涵括土地资源生态属性、经济属性及社会属性的土地资源综合承载力评价指标体系,研究了重点产业战略实施前后土地资源综合承载力空间变化,深入剖析了重点产业发展战略的环境合理性. 结果表明:黄河中上游能源化工区重点产业战略实施后,能源重化工产业重点布局、大规模发展区域综合土地资源承载力指数较现状降低10%以上,而非重点发展区域土地资源综合承载力有所提升,因此,重点产业发展中必须结合土地资源承载力现状,合理调整产业发展布局.      

Addressing challenges for future strategic‐level emergency management: reframing,networking, and capacity‐building

The mounting frequency and intensity of natural hazards, alongside growing interdependencies between social‐technical and ecological systems, are placing increased pressure on emergency management. This is particularly true at the strategic level of emergency management, which involves planning for and managing non‐routine, high‐consequence events. Drawing on the literature, a survey, and interviews and workshops with Australia's senior emergency managers, this paper presents an analysis of five core challenges that these pressures are creating for strategic‐level emergency management. It argues that emphasising ‘emergency management’ as a primary adaptation strategy is a retrograde step that ignores the importance of addressing socio‐political drivers of vulnerabilities. Three key suggestions are presented that could assist the country's strategic‐level emergency management in tackling these challenges: (i) reframe emergency management as a component of disaster risk reduction rather than them being one and the same; (ii) adopt a network governance approach; and (iii) further develop the capacities of strategic‐level emergency managers.     

Investigating the strategic antecedents of agility in humanitarian logistics

This study investigates the strategic antecedents of operational agility in humanitarian logistics. It began by identifying the particular actions to be taken at the strategic level of a humanitarian organisation to support field‐level agility. Next, quantitative data (n=59) were collected on four strategic‐level capabilities (being purposeful, action‐focused, collaborative, and learning‐oriented) and on operational agility (field responsiveness and flexibility). Using a quantitative analysis, the study tested the relationship between organisational capacity building and operational agility and found that the four strategic‐level capabilities are fundamental building blocks of agility. Collectively they account for 52 per cent of the ability of humanitarian logisticians to deal with ongoing changes and disruptions in the field. This study emphasises the need for researchers and practitioners to embrace a broader perspective of agility in humanitarian logistics. In addition, it highlights the inherently strategic nature of agility, the development of which involves focusing simultaneously on multiple drivers.