不同粒径铁铝泥对砷(Ⅲ)的吸附效果

以给水处理厂废弃铁铝泥(ferric and alum water treatment residuals,FARs)为载体,考察了不同粒径FARs对砷(Ⅲ)的吸附效果.不同粒径FARs的有效铁铝含量、比表面积和孔体积分别为523.72～1 861.72 mmol.kg-1、28.15～265.59 m2.g-1和0.03～0.09 cm3.g-1,总有机质、富里酸、胡敏酸和胡敏素分别为46.97～91.58、0.02～32.27、22.27～34.09和10.76～34.22 mg.kg-1.SEM和XRD检测表明,不同粒径FARs均以无定形结构存在.批量实验结果表明,准一级和准二级动力学方程均能较好地反映FARs吸附砷(Ⅲ)的动力学过程.不同粒径FARs对砷(Ⅲ)的吸附量随着浓度的增加而增高,用Langmuir等温线方程拟合获得理论饱和吸附量在6.72～21.79 mg.g-1之间.pH值对FARs吸附砷(Ⅲ)的作用影响不大.砷(Ⅲ)吸附量大小与不同粒径FARs的理化性质的变化趋势基本一致,由相关性分析可得,有效铁铝含量和孔体积大小是影响FARs对砷(Ⅲ)吸附的主要因素.     

三氯乙醛的光降解反应研究

研究了太阳光照下,水溶液中FeC l3-三氯乙醛的光化学反应速率,采用紫外分光光度计定时对含有不同浓度Fe（Ⅲ）的溶液进行实验测定,并根据三氯乙醛标准溶液曲线进行分析。实验结果表明,在波长为480nm的紫外光照射下：室内自然光下含有Fe（Ⅲ）和室外太阳光下不含Fe（Ⅲ）的三氯乙醛溶液中,三氯乙醛的浓度基本保持不变;但在室外太阳光下含有Fe（Ⅲ）的三氯乙醛溶液中,三氯乙醛的浓度随着Fe（Ⅲ）浓度的增加而减小。由此表明,Fe（Ⅲ）是三氯乙醛光化学反应的催化剂,FeC l3-三氯乙醛的光化学反应随着Fe（Ⅲ）浓度的增加而加快。     

184型轮拖Ⅰ-Ⅲ从动齿轮内孔变形的分析与对策

分析了Ⅰ-Ⅲ从动齿轮内孔变形的原因,提出了相应的对策.     

石油醚浓硫酸脱芳

石油醚要求以水为参比,在波长225nm处的透光率>80％,市售石油醚用于水质监测中萃取油时大多不能符合要求,必须进行脱芳,本文以化学方法用浓硫酸对石油醚进行脱芳试验效果良好,并进行了质量验证及与其它方法比较,具有方法简单、处理量大、速度快、损失少、质量可靠等优点。     

Effect of Fe(Ⅲ) on the bromate reduction by humic substances in aqueous solution

Humic substances are ubiquitous redox-active organic compounds of environment.In this study,experiments were conducted to determine the reduction capacity of humic acid in the matrix of bromate and Fe(Ⅲ) solutions and the role of Fe(Ⅲ) in this redox process.The results showed that the humic acid regenerated Fe(Ⅱ) and reduced bromate abiotically.The addition of Fe(Ⅲ) could accelerate the bromate reduction rate by forming humic acid-Fe(Ⅲ) complexes.Iron species acts as electron mediator and catalyst for the bromate reduction by humic acid,in which humic acid transfers electrons to the complexed Fe(Ⅲ) to form Fe(Ⅱ),and the regenerated Fe(Ⅱ) donate the electrons to bromate.The kinetics study on bromate reduction further indicated that bromate reduction by humic acid-Fe(Ⅲ) complexes is pH dependent.The rate decreased by 2-fold with the increase in solution pH by one unit.The reduction capacity of Aldrich humic acid was observed to be lower than that of humic acid or natural organic matter of Suwanne River,indicating that such redox process is expected to occur in the environment.     

环糊精对Fe(Ⅲ)引发双酚A光降解的影响

环糊精口α-CD、β-CD和γ-CD能分别与双酚A形成1:1主-客体包结物.在250W金属卤化物灯(λ≥365 nm)光照下,研究了在Fe(Ⅲ)-OH配合物体系中,不同环糊精对双酚A光降解的影响.结果表明,β-CD能较大地促进双酚A的光降解,α-CD次之,而γ-CD对双酚A的光降解存在一定的抑制;并且CDs浓度的变化对双酚A光降解的初始速率有明显的影响.双酚A光降解的初始速率随着β-CD和α-CD浓度增大而增加,当β-CD=60μmol/L时达到最大,然后随着浓度增大而降低,而BPA的光降解初始速率随γ-CD浓度的增加总的趋势是减小的.通过计算机软件Gaussian98,采用PM3方法模拟了环糊精与双酚A的包结行为,进一步说明3种环糊精与双酚A形成主-客体包结物对光降解的影响.     

中国Ⅲ型环境标志认证实施战略研究

随着公众环保意识逐渐增强,消费者对产品的环境行为也越来越关注。Ⅲ型环境标志认证计划便应运而生。Ⅲ型环境标志的作用不仅仅限于对消费者的服务效能,它对促进国民经济可持续发展、对外贸易可持续发展、国家积极应对气候变化以及推动可持续消费具有显著的支撑作用。本文通过探讨Ⅲ型环境标志认证的发展背景和分析我国Ⅲ型环境标志认证的作用,确定了中国Ⅲ型环境标志认证实施的战略。     

三种氧化铁吸附水环境中砷的试验研究

采用两种人工合成的氧化铁(针铁矿、水铁矿)和赤铁矿作为吸附剂,对含砷(三价砷及三价五价砷混合液)水进行了吸附试验。结果表明,在初始浓度为1200μg/L的As(Ⅲ)溶液中,水铁矿的吸附效果最好,针铁矿和赤铁矿吸附效果较差;在初始pH为7,As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)摩尔比为1:1的混合液中时,三种铁矿对总砷的吸附效果均随着As/Fe摩尔比的增大而减小;在A(sⅢ)和As(Ⅴ)摩尔比为1:1的混合液中,吸附总砷效果最好的是针铁矿,水铁矿次之,赤铁矿的吸附效果最差;A(sⅤ)的存在对除砷效果有一定的影响,三价砷和五价砷共存时,三种铁矿对其吸附具有一定的选择性。     

Seasonal variation effects on the formation of trihalomethane during chlorination of water from Yangtze River and associated cancer risk assessment

For the system of water samples collected from Yangtze River,the effects of seasonal variation and Fe(III) concentrations on the formation and distribution of trihalomethanes (THMs) during chlorination have been investigated.The corresponding lifetime cancer risk of the formed THMs to human beings was estimated using the parameters and procedure issued by the US EPA.The results indicated that the average concentration of THMs (100.81 μg/L) in spring was significantly higher than that in other seasons,which ...