再生水甲醇投加成本运算

再生水资源是水资源的一种特殊形式,它的价格是影响污水回用的重要因素之一。再生水价格有多种形式,其中甲醇的投加是一笔不小的成本。以污水处理厂二级出水为水源进行深度处理以实现污水资源化的过程中,存在着总氮含量高、有机物含量低的水质特点。再生水处理中反硝化阶段需要有机物,也就是碳源。碳源影响脱氮效果,投加甲醇为外碳源可以促进反硝化水平。     

Tailoring the simultaneous abatement of methanol and NOx on Sb-Ce-Zr catalysts via copper modification

● Cu addition enhances CH₃OH oxidation and alleviates its inhibitory effect on SCR. ● Cu addition improves the activation of SCR reactants in the presence of methanol. ● Damaged structure by more Cu addition decreases specific surface area and acidity. ● Excessive Cu addition would lead to the narrowing of SCR temperature window. Simultaneously removal of NO_x and VOCs over NH₃-SCR catalysts have attracted lots of attention recently. However, the presence of VOCs would have negative effect on deNO_x efficiency especially at low temperature. In this study, copper modification onto Sb_0.5CeZr₂O_x (SCZ) catalyst were performed to enhance the catalytic performance for simultaneous control of NO_x and methanol. It was obtained that copper addition could improve the low-temperature activity of both NO_x conversion and methanol oxidation, where the optimal catalyst (Cu_0.05SCZ) exhibited a deNO_x activity of 96% and a mineralization rate of 97% at 250 °C, which are around 10% higher than that of Cu free sample. The characterization results showed that copper addition could obviously enhance the redox capacity of the catalysts. As such, the inhibition effect of methanol incomplete oxidation on NO adsorption and NH₃ activation were then lessened and the conversion of surface formamide species were also accelerated, resulting in the rising of NO_x conversion at low temperature. However, excessive copper addition would damage the Sb-Ce-Zr oxides solid solution structure owing to Cu-Ce strong interactions, decreasing the surface area and acidity. Meanwhile, due to easier over-oxidation of NH₃ with more Cu addition, the temperature window for NO_x conversion would become quite narrow. These findings could provide useful guidelines for the synergistic removal of VOCs over SCR catalyst in real application.     

掺入CO催化活化CO2加氢合成甲醇的研究

用ＴＰＤ,ＴＰＳＲ－ＭＳ活性评价等方法,用Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ催化剂,对ＣＯ２加氢合成甲醇的原料气掺入适量ＣＯ２进行了研究。结果表明ＣＯ２能占据催化剂表面部分ＣＯ２的吸附位,能抑制ＣＯ２加氢的逆水汽变换反应和促进甲醇合成,从而大大提高了ＣＯ２加事成甲醇的选择性和收率。     

毛细管柱气相色谱法同时测定水中甲醇、乙醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺

采用HP-PLOT Q毛细管柱,气相色谱氢火焰离子化检测器同时测定地表水和废水中甲醇,乙醇,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,方法不受水中苯系物的干扰,在甲醇,乙醇,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺分别为7.92~792 mg/L,7.98~798 mg/L和9.45~945 mg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数均0.999,准确度高,加标回收率均94.2%,精密度好,相对标准偏差均≤5.79%,检出限分别为1.17,1.31和2.05 mg/L。     

甲醇气体标准样品的研制

介绍了甲醇气体标准样品的制备和定值方法,考察采用重量法制备氮气中甲醇标准气体样品的重现性、标准气体的均匀性和稳定性.试验表明,甲醇气体标准样品在气瓶内均匀性良好,在12个月研制期间没有不稳定趋势.摩尔分数为149.2×10-6甲醇气体标准样品,扩展不确定度为3%,能够满足环境污染源废气中甲醇气体监测的要求.