Stabilization of potassium permanganate particles with manganese dioxide

A new potassium permanganate reagent with slow-release properties was designed and tested for possible application in in situ chemical oxidation. For this purpose, MnO₂-coated KMnO₄ particles (MCP) were prepared by partial reduction of solid KMnO₄ using the acid-catalyzed reaction with n-propanol or the comproportionation of Mn(VII) and Mn(II) in n-propanol as reaction medium. Column tests showed that, for MCP with a residual KMnO₄ fraction of 70 wt%, the duration of permanganate release under flow-through conditions was prolonged by a factor of 10 compared to untreated KMnO₄. While KMnO₄ is too soluble to be used in reactive barriers, MCP could be introduced into the aquifer by filling of trenches or boreholes; this would allow a prolonged passive dosing of permanganate into the flowing groundwater. In addition, experiments were conducted in order to determine the oxidation capability of native KMnO₄ particles and MCP in CH₂Cl₂, a representative non-polar non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL). It may be possible to utilize the significantly higher reactivity of MCP under these conditions for the design of slow-release permanganate particles for NAPL source treatment.     

PHB/V in Extrusion Coating of Paper and Paperboard: Part I: Study of Functional Properties

Extrusion-coating experiments were carried out in the pilot line at Tampere Univesity of Technology (Institute of Paper Converting). Typical paper and paperboard substrates were coated with commercially produced 3-hydroxybutyrate/3-hydroxyvalerate. The resulting physical properties of extrusion-coated composite structures were studied. Adhesion between PHB/V and a fiber-based substrate was rather poor, regardless of typically used pretreatments (corona and flame). On the other hand, adhesion was sufficient (mode of failure was fiber tear as the materials were separated) when the substrate was primed with an acrylic-based primer. The surface energy and polarity of PHB/V were much higher than the respective ones of LDPE. Curling of PHB/V was reduced by the addition of wax or tall oil rosin into the base polymer.     

用热解石墨管和锆＋酒石酸改进剂测定环境样品中锡

本文提出了一种新的混合改进剂（锆＋酒石酸），能有效消除高氯酸、硝酸以及各种基体的干扰，比较了各原子化温度时理论和实验特征量，使解热石墨管可可能用于石墨炉原子吸收法测定各种环境样品中的锡，准确度和精度优于８％。     

涂料生产过程中的毒性分析

涂料生产所使用的原料和产品绝大部分是易燃、易爆和有毒的化学危险物质,这就决定了在涂料的生产过程中极易引发火灾和职业病伤害,其中职业中毒是较为突出的问题.对涂料生产过程中的有害因素、毒物分布、中毒途径以及中毒原因作了较为详细的介绍.     

PTFE乳液涂层对针刺毡复合滤料过滤性能的改良

采用PTFE乳液对P84.PTFE混纺针刺毡复合滤料进行涂层整理,并将其与未经整理的试样进行VDI滤料过滤性能模拟测试,进而阐述PTFE乳液涂层对该复合滤料过滤性能的影响。     

非织造布的防辐射性能对比研究

本文比较了80g／m^2复合法（SMS）非织造布经涂层与未经涂层两种试样对90Sr放射源的防护性能，结果显示经涂层非织造布的屏蔽率提高很大。分析表明，涂层剂对提高屏蔽率的作用要显著高于单纯增加厚度和克重来提高屏蔽率。     

浮码头钢趸船防腐涂装体系研究

目的为浮码头钢趸船优选防腐涂装体系,以延长其使用寿命。方法根据钢趸船腐蚀环境特点,对选用的防腐涂料进行对比试验,针对不同的腐蚀环境,优选不同的防腐蚀方案。结果制定了4套与不同腐蚀环境相对应的防腐涂装体系。结论该防腐蚀涂装体系已在上海、青岛、湛江等海域的钢趸船上使用,效果良好。     

电子元器件表面化学防护效果的测定研究

目的研究电子元器件表面化学防护的方法。方法应用选择性涂覆设备进行研究并优化工艺条件,选择丙烯酸清漆和稀释剂的体积混合比例从1∶0.2到1∶1进行实验,在100 mm/s的喷涂速度下,喷涂印制板的过程在0.5 min内完成,喷涂的相对标准偏差不超过±0.005 mm。结果涂层厚度可控制在25~75μm的范围内,符合国际标准ICP-CC-830的要求,涂层具有较好的流平性,无气泡、针孔和絮状物,无雾化等。结论这种方法可以成功地应用于印制板上电子元器件表面的化学防护。该方法具有涂覆准确性高,有毒稀释剂消耗量低,涂覆效果好,经济环保等的特点。     

有机-无机纳米聚硅氧烷涂料的耐蚀性研究

目的研究有机-无机纳米聚硅氧烷涂料的耐蚀性。方法将涂层试样制作划痕后,采用盐雾试验方法和盐溶液周浸试验方法进行加速腐蚀试验,采用最大剥落值对涂层剥落程度进行量化考核。结果获得了4种涂料在试验环境下的腐蚀失效模式、失效过程、失效程度、以及涂层损伤随加速腐蚀时间的变化规律等方面的试验数据。结论在盐雾试验中,涂层的失效模式主要是剥落,盐溶液周浸试验主要是剥落和鼓泡。在盐雾腐蚀环境下,3#涂料耐蚀性最佳,在周浸腐蚀环境下1#涂料耐蚀性最佳。采用最大剥落值对涂层的剥落程度进行量化考核是可行的。     

天然水体生物膜中汞的蓄积因素及汞的存在形态

为了探讨生物膜对汞的蓄积因素,研究了不同深度、不同培养时间、不同季节等条件对黄浦江生物膜中汞元素含量的影响,并对其存在形态进行分析.结果表明,生物膜中有机质含量较高(7.5%～14.5%);生长时间,水深,季节都是影响生物膜中汞元素蓄积的重要因素;光照越强,温度越高,生长时间越长,生物膜中汞元素含量越高;生物膜中残渣态(41.98%)和有机质结合态(27.89%)的汞含量比较高,碳酸盐结合态(10.17%)和铁锰氧化物结合态(5.33%)的汞含量相对较少.