分形理论在松嫩平原西部生态环境胁迫研究中的应用

以松嫩平原西部为例,在构建生态环境胁迫评价指标体系的基础上,运用分形理论对生态环境胁迫进行量化研究.结果表明,1989-2004年15 a间,除松原市和扶余县以外,其他县市生态环境胁迫系数都呈增大趋势,特别是大安市、长岭县、乾安县等地胁迫系数较大.采用相对指标法,运用GIS-EIS集成技术,对松嫩平原西部生态环境胁迫度进行分级.最后,分析了影响生态环境胁迫变化的驱动因子,并提出减缓生态环境胁迫的措施.     

Bioavailability of hydrophobic organic contaminants and quality of organic carbon

U.S. laws require that contaminant bioaccumulation potential be evaluated before dredged material can be recycled. Simple fugacity models, e.g. organic contaminant aqueous partition coefficient (K _oc)-derived theoretical bioaccumulation potential, are commonly used to estimate the partitioning of hydrophobic organic contaminants between sediment organic matter and organism lipid. K _oc-derived models, with or without the addition of a soot carbon term, did not accurately or consistently predict total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorobiphenyls partitioning of eight sediments from ongoing dredging operations onto C₁₈-coated filter paper. These models also failed to predict the partitioning of individual PAHs from these eight sediments. These data underscore the trade-offs between the ease of using simple models and the uncertainty of predicted partitioning values.     

苯砜基化合物溶解度和分配系数的测定与估算

本文应用线溶剂化能相关法研究了３２种类砜基化合物的溶解度及分配系数与溶剂化显色参数之间的相关性，结果表明，溶解度和分配系数与溶剂化显色参数呈良好的线性关系，测定值与估算值吻合得很好。     

三苯基锡芳氧乙酸酯化合物正辛醇—水分配系数的测定

采用控瓶(Shake-flask)法测定了九种三苯基锡芳氧乙酸酯化合物的正辛醇-水分配系数,通过Leo碎片带数法推算了该系列化合物中锡的碎片常数为fsn=-4.22±0.09.     

An Approach for the Aggregation of Aerodynamic Surface Parameters in Calculating the Turbulent Fluxes over Heterogeneous Surfaces in Atmospheric Models

Experimental evidence indicates that there is a significant departure of the wind profile above the underlying surface consisting of patches of solid and liquid parts, and plant communities with different morphological from that predicted by the logarithmic relationship, which gives the values larger than those observed. This situation can seriously affect the transfer of momentum, heat and water vapor from the surface fluxes into the atmosphere.The object of this paper is to generalize the calculation of the exchange of momentum between the atmosphere and a very heterogeneous surface, find a general equation for the wind speed profile in a roughness sublayer under neutral conditions, and, then, derive aggregated roughness length and displacement height over the grid cell. The suggested expression for the wind profile is compared with some earlier approaches, using a common parameterization of aerodynamic parameters over the grid cell, and the observations obtained at an experimental site in Philadelphia, PA.     

芳香族醛酮化合物溶解度和分配系数的测定与估算

本文测定了１５种芳香族醛酮化合物的溶解度和正辛醇－水分配系数,研究了水溶解度及分配系数与分子连接性能指数的相关性。结果表明,溶解度和分配系数之间以及与分子连接性指数呈较好的线性关系。     

邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物土壤吸附系数的测定及相关性研究

研究测定了邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（ＤＭＰ）、二乙酯（ＤＥＰ）、二丙酯（ＤＰＰ）、二丁酯（ＤＢＰ）、丁基苄基酯（ＢＢＰ）和二异辛酯（ＤＥＨＰ）等６种化合物土壤吸附系数Ｋｏｃ，并研究了Ｋｏｃ与正辛醇一水分配系数Ｋｏｗ、水溶解度Ｓ之间的相关性，建立了相关方程式。     

相对灰色关联度在城市污水处理工艺优选中的应用

通过对城市污水处理工艺评价指标的定量化处理,并根据奖优罚劣的原则对初始指标集进行[-1,1]区间线性规范化处理,确定理想最优方案(A )和理想最劣方案(A-),以此计算出各待选方案与它们的相关系数(ζ)。采用变异系数法计算各指标权重(ω),并计算各候选方案相对最优方案的灰色关联度,进而确定最佳方案。     

石灰石湿法烟气脱硫添加剂的实验研究

利用双搅拌釜，作石灰石浆液脱硫的实验，测定添加剂强化前后石灰石浆液脱硫过程中气液两相传质系数的变化，对比气液两相传质系数的大小。并结合国内外脱硫技术现状，提出了以石灰石作为脱硫剂，以硫酸镁、硫酸钠、腐残酸钠为添加剂，应用双搅拌釜为主设备的湿法脱硫方法，对添加剂的脱硫机理进行了基础性研究。     

石化地区的气候与污染

借助现有气象资料，剖析我地的气候概况与污染特征，浅述了两者关系．