半胱氨酸合铁(Ⅱ)溶液同时脱除烟中SO_2和NO_x和研究

研究用半胱氨酸合铁（Ⅱ）溶液同时脱除烟气中ＳＯ＿２和ＮＯ＿ｘ，研究了［ＳＯ＿３￣（２－）〕对ＮＯ＿ｘ脱除率的影响、半胱氨酸的再生。实验表明：烟气中ＳＯ＿２可以全部脱除；随［ＳＯ＿３￣（２－＿）］的增加能增大半胱氨酸合铁（Ⅱ）溶液对ＮＯ的吸收，但有一定限度；氧化产物胱氨酸可用Ｈ＿２Ｓ／ＳＯ＿２／ＯＨ－（Ｎａ＿２Ｓ／Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿３）体系还原为半阶氨酸。使此过程循环，无二次污染。     

高效复合型亚铁络合剂同时脱硫脱硝

采用自制喷淋塔进行湿法同时脱硫脱硝实验,在乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)络合亚铁吸收液及半胱氨酸络合亚铁吸收液的基础上,研制出复合吸收液。实验结果表明:对于单一络合物吸收液,EDTA络合亚铁吸收液的脱硝效果较好,可在70 min内保持60%以上的NO脱除率,而半胱氨酸络合亚铁吸收液则可长时间保持较好的脱硫效果,可在180 min内保持90%以上的SO_2脱除率;复合吸收液的脱硫脱硝性能较单一络合物吸收液有明显提高,在络合物浓度为0.05 mol/L、吸收液pH为8、EDTA与半胱氨酸的摩尔比为1∶2、Fe~(2+)浓度为0.075 mol/L的优化条件下,90 min内的NO脱除率基本保持在70%以上,SO_2脱除率基本达到100%。     

Metabolites of sulfur‐containing derivatives of the fungicides pentachloronitrobenzene and hexachlorobenzene in mammals,separated by capillary gas chromatography and identified by negative and positive Cl mass spectrometry

Biotransformation products of sulfur‐containing derivatives of pentachloronitro‐benzene and hexachlorobenzene in mammals, such as thiophenols, thioanisoles, phenols, anisoles and chlorinated benzenes have been identified by mass spectrometry of negative and positive ions produced by chemical ionisation. The capillary gas chromatograms of extracts from excreta of rats after application of N‐acetyl‐S‐(pentachlorophenyI)‐D,L‐cysteine, as well as of rabbits after application of S,S'‐(tetrachloro‐p‐phenylene)‐L,L'‐dicysteine, are shown.     

N-acetyl-S-(pentachlorophenyl)cysteine,a new urinary metabolite of hexachlorobenzene

The present paper describes the isolation and identification of a new metabolite of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), which is N-acetyl-S-(pentachlorophenyl)cysteine (PCC), frequently named pentachlorophenylmercapturic acid or 2-acetamido-3-(pentachlorophenylmercapto)propionic acid. PCC has been detected in and identified from rat urine. The syntheses of PCC and the isomeric tetrachlorophenylmercapturic acids (TCC) are described in the following paper.     

腐殖酸和半胱氨酸对Shewanella oneidensis MR-1生物转化硫化汞的影响

研究了不同浓度腐殖酸和半胱氨酸条件下,铁还原菌Shewanella oneidensis MR-1对固态硫化汞的生物溶解和甲基化作用.结果表明,固态硫化汞的生物溶解量随加入腐殖酸浓度的增大而增加,当腐殖酸浓度为10mg/L时,固态硫化汞的溶解量约为3.35mg/L;在腐殖酸浓度为1~5mg/L范围内, S. oneidensis MR-1对硫化汞的生物甲基化率呈上升趋势,在5~10mg/L范围时呈下降趋势,其中生物甲基化率最大值约为10.55%;加入不同浓度半胱氨酸对菌株生物溶解固态硫化汞的影响不明显,但能增加S. oneidensis MR-1对硫化汞的生物甲基汞生成量,加速甲基化反应进程,使硫化汞的生物甲基化率提高至19.23%.该研究为自然水体生态系统中铁还原菌参与固态硫化汞生物溶解及生物甲基化提供了直接证据.     

Geobacter sulfurreducens对汞的甲基化及其影响因素研究

在实验室模拟条件下,研究了铁还原菌Geobacter sulfurreducens对汞的甲基化作用及其影响因素.结果表明,G.sulfurreducens在低浓度汞溶液中能够生长,但生长受到一定程度的抑制,主要表现在菌株生长曲线迟缓期的延长.G.sulfurreducens在生长过程中能同时将溶液中无机汞转化为甲基汞,甲基化过程受多种环境因素的制约.在初始HgCl2浓度为1 mg.L-1、温度35℃、pH 6.0、0.9%盐度的厌氧环境条件下,G.sulfurreducens对汞的甲基化率可达38%.适当增加HgCl2初始浓度与盐度能提高甲基汞的转化率,但过高汞浓度和盐度会造成微生物的死亡;温度在4～35℃范围内,温度越高甲基汞转化率越高;弱酸性环境比酸性或中碱性环境更利于汞的甲基化.此外,腐殖酸和半胱氨酸等均影响甲基汞的转化效率,其中腐殖酸对汞甲基化有一定的抑制作用,而半胱氨酸有较强的促进作用.该研究为自然水体生态系统中铁还原菌参与汞甲基化的过程提供了直接证据.     

Studies on the origin of the methylsulfonyl‐containing metabolites from propachlor

Abstract

Metabolites in which the chlorine from propachlor has been replaced by a cysteine group or a methylsulfonyl group [‐S(O₂) CH₃] are present in the urine of rats dosed orally with propachlor. In the present study, urine from rats given single oral doses of ³⁵S‐labeled cysteine conjugate of propachlor contained metabolites having the methylsulfonyl groups labeled with S. No metabolites containing ¹⁴C‐labeled methylsulfonyl groups were isolated from urine of rats given single oral doses of the cysteine conjugate of propachlor in which the cysteine group was uniformly labeled with ¹⁴C. These findings show that the cysteine conjugate of propachlor is the source of sulfur in the methylsulfonyl‐containing metabolites. Therefore, we suggest that a C‐S lyase present in the animal cleaves the cysteine conjugate of propachlor and thus allows further metabolism of the sulfur to a methylsulfonyl moiety.     

半胱氨酸亚铁溶液吸收一氧化氮的研究

在鼓泡吸收瓶中,对半胱氨酸亚铁[Fe²⁺(CyS^-)₂]溶液络合吸收一氧化氮(NO)进行了研究.考察了不同[Fe²⁺]和[CySH]的配比、pH值、模拟烟气中的氧含量、SO₃^2-浓度等对NO吸收的影响.结果表明,Fe²⁺:CySH=1:4配比的溶液能达到较大的吸收容量.Fe²⁺(CyS-)2吸收剂在pH=8条件下的吸收效果明显优于偏酸条件下的效果.当氧气含量达到5.5%时,NO的吸收容量约下降48%.当SO₃²/Fe²⁺(CyS-)2为1时吸收剂的吸收容量约为不含SO₃^2-的溶液的1.5倍.模拟烟气中氧气含量越高,SO₃^2-对NO吸收容量的影响越明显.相同浓度的亚铁络合吸收剂,Fe²⁺(CyS-)2的NO吸收容量略高于常用吸收剂Fe²⁺(EDTA^2-),并且Fe²⁺(CyS-)2的抗氧化性能优于Fe²⁺(EDTA^2-).     

沼泽红假单胞菌去除铅的实验研究

采用沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas palustris)N菌株进行了去除铅的研究。考查pH、温度、接种量、供氧光照条件等因素对其生长及去除铅的影响。结果表明:菌株生长及去除Pb2+的最优条件是pH为7、厌氧光照、温度为30℃,接种量为0.6g·L-1,Pb2+的去除率可达95%以上;模拟了N菌株去除不同浓度Pb2+的动力学方程。进一步研究不同浓度Pb2+对N菌株细胞中半胱氨酸脱巯基酶比活力的影响,结果显示:Pb2+浓度分别为50,100,150mg·L-1时,可提高半胱氨酸脱巯基酶的活力,而当Pb2+浓度提高到200mg·L-1时则抑制其活力。