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排序方式: 共有599条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
101.
Abstract It is difficult to manage the manufacturing hazardous waste (MHW) which is generated from a huge amount of complicated sources and causes very serious pollution. Therefore more and more attention has been paid to MHW pollution. Shanghai, as an industrial and economic center and an international metropolis in China, has a vast industrial system spanning a multitude of sectors, which generates MHW not only in a huge magnitude but also in a large variety of types from complicated sources, resulting in severe pollution. In 2003, the production of MHW in Shanghai is about 3.96 × 105 ton, involving 33 indices. Most of MHW in Shanghai is treated and disposed of, but a significant portion is not handled properly and effectively. This paper carries out in-field investigation on the current status of MHW production and treatment in Shanghai, and puts forward scientific proposals that Shanghai should facilitate cleaner production and minimize hazardous waste; strictly enforce hazardous waste registration system, strengthen monitoring the certified enterprises; strengthen intent disposal center construction and realize hazardous waste reclamation; accelerate establishing the technical criteria and the management policy, promote the research and development on the treatment and disposal technology, and strengthen information management, thus realizing integrated management on MHW pollution. 相似文献
102.
Optimization of the recovery of plastics for recycling by density media separation cyclones 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gent Malcolm Richard Menendez MarioToraño Javier Torno Susana 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(4):472-482
Material recovery processes are presented as the optimum option for recycling plastic wastes as a means of recovering hydrocarbon resources. There exist a large variety of automated material recovery processes for recycling of such wastes but each with significant limitations. Of these, the separation based on differences in densities is advocated as the optimum process either for producing recycled products or preparing wastes for subsequent recovery processing.Density separation processes based on cyclone type density media separation (DMS) is presented as an important, potential method for increasing plastics recycling process capacities. It is demonstrated to have the capacity to separate a significantly larger range of particle sizes than those presently processed industrially. The mathematical relationship for the prediction of quality of typical LARCODEMS type density media separations by particle size and density as expressed by the Ecart Probable is presented.A proposed device configuration is presented for density media separation to optimize the recovery and purity of both density fractions produced. It is also suggested that to be economically viable, a large scale of operation is required for industrial plastics recycling operations recovering and producing a number of different plastics with a purity to be used as a substitute for virgin material. 相似文献
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104.
贵屿电子垃圾处理对河流底泥及土壤重金属污染 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以广东省汕头市贵屿镇电子垃圾处理场为对象,主要研究了电子垃圾场附近河流的底泥和农田土壤中重金属形态分布特征。结果表明,底泥中Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn质量分数分别为52.9-67.1、309-359、79.2-1485、391-449、37.5-111 mg.kg^-1;土壤中Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn的平均质量分数分别是54.1-57.1、278-320、93.5-116、382-415、46.2-68.1 mg.kg^-1。底泥和土壤中Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb均超过《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618—1995)二级标准,其中以Cd和Cu污染最为严重。底泥及土壤中重金属的地球化学形态分布规律基本一致。重金属具有较高迁移性,重金属的迁移性为Cd〉Cr〉Pb〉Zn〉Cu。 相似文献
105.
目的 研究不同区域加工误差对叶片气动性能的影响。方法 选用轴流压气机出口级静叶叶中截面,以叶型厚度变化和中弧线变化为特征,分别在叶型前缘、最大厚度和尾缘区域添加加工误差,采用数值模拟方法,对比设计叶型气动性能,研究叶型各区域几何偏差对性能的影响。结果 叶型前缘几何偏差对气动性能的影响最大,偏差造成的中弧线偏移对性能变化起主导作用。尾缘区域几何偏差对性能的影响趋势与前缘区域完全相反。考虑叶型整体偏差时,轮廓度正偏差造成的性能恶化更加显著。结论 所得的几何偏差影响规律可为实际叶片加工过程中工艺的制定和超差审理提供数据支持。 相似文献
106.
采用不锈钢采样罐对华东地区8家涂料制造企业生产车间排口进行采集,运用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)测定了106种VOCs组分,识别了VOCs排放特征,建立了溶剂型涂料和水性涂料VOCs排放成分谱,分析了VOCs对臭氧生成的贡献.结果表明,涂料制造行业VOCs特征组分主要为芳香烃和含氧烃,两者浓度范围在65.5%~99.9%,溶剂型涂料VOCs排放主要以芳香烃为主,占总VOCs的63.0%~94.0%;水性涂料VOCs排放主要以含氧烃为主,占总VOCs的54.5%~99.9%.间/对-二甲苯(32.4%)、乙苯(19.0%)和乙酸乙酯(12.1%)为溶剂型涂料源排放特征,乙酸乙酯(83.7%)与2-丁酮(8.0%)为水性涂料源排放特征.芳香烃和含氧烃是涂料制造行业的主要活性组分,对臭氧生成潜势(OFP)的总贡献率在92.9%~99.9%之间.源反应活性分析(SR)表明,水性涂料单位质量VOCs对臭氧的生成贡献低于溶剂型涂料,因此可显著降低臭氧的生成潜势.研究显示,针对涂料制造行业VOCs污染治理,应重点关注芳香烃和含氧烃中对臭氧生成潜势贡献较大的VOCs组分,进行源头和精细化控制. 相似文献
107.
108.
109.
Ewelina Wawryk-Gawda Michał K. Zarobkiewicz Katarzyna Chłapek Patrycja Chylińska-Wrzos Barbara Jodłowska-Jędrych 《毒物与环境化学》2019,101(7-8):404-419
AbstractThe use of electronic cigarettes increases as a supposedly healthier form of nicotine consumption, but safety of vaping remains uncertain. In this study, we assessed whether the use of electronic cigarettes increases the risk of infertility in male rats. Malformations of sperm morphology were more frequent in nicotine-exposed groups than in the control group. Vacuolization of seminiferous epithelium, reduction of spermatogenesis, increased apoptosis of spermatogonia and spermatocytes, and acceleration of degeneration of testes were observed. The male reproductive organs are slightly less affected by vaping than by smoking. Nevertheless, in consequence both may lead to the reduction of fertility. 相似文献
110.
Mariale Moreno Richard Court Matt Wright 《International Journal of Sustainable Engineering》2019,12(2):77-94
The linear production of consumer goods is characterised by mass manufacture by multinational enterprises and globally dispersed supply chains. The current centralised model has created a distance between the manufacturer and end user, limiting the opportunity for intelligent circular approaches for production and consumption. Through a mixed method approach, opportunities of circularity are explored for the consumer goods sector. The study presents four lenses to analyse three enterprises through a multi-case study approach to explore the potential of digital intelligence and redistributed manufacturing (RDM) as enablers of circular business models. In addition, the study examines whether Discrete Event Simulation can be used to evaluate the circular scenarios identified through quantifying flows of material that determine traditional economic value (cost/tonne). The mixed method approach demonstrates that, a qualitative systemic analysis can reveal opportunities for circularity, gained through implementing ‘digital intelligence’ and distributed models of production and consumption. Furthermore, simulations can provide a quantified evaluation on the effects of introducing circular activities across a supply chain. 相似文献