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11.
Mathias B. Forrester 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(4):799-804
One of the most common types of microbial pesticides used is Bacillus thuringiensis. Although generally considered safe, exposures to B. thuringiensis pesticide do occur where management by healthcare providers is sought. The objective of this investigation was to describe B. thuringiensis pesticide exposures reported to Texas poison centers. Cases were all B. thuringiensis pesticide exposures reported to Texas poison centers during 2000–2010. The distribution of cases was determined for various demographic and clinical factors. Of 115 total cases, 64% occurred during May–July. The rate per 1,000,000 population was 14.3 in central Texas and 4.4 in the rest of the state. Of the patients, 56% were of an age 20 years or older and 55% were male. The exposure routes were 57% by ingestion, 30% by dermal contact, and 11% by inhalation. The patient was managed on site in 93% of the exposures and only one exposure was judged to be potentially serious. B. thuringiensis pesticide exposures reported to Texas poison centers were more frequently reported from the central region of the state. The majority of exposures occurred during April–July, involved adults and males, occurred by ingestion or dermal route, were managed on site and did not result in serious outcomes. 相似文献
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依据藻类生命力强、繁殖快、对环境条件变化反应敏感的特点,在污染源废水监测中日益受到重视,但其质量保证体系还不完善,而参比毒物是生物毒性监测采取的重要质量保证措施,控制毒性监测数据的可信程度,使毒性监测数据实验室间相容可比.通过二氯化汞、叠氮化钠、砷、重铬酸钾、硫酸镉、硝酸铅、敌百虫、乐果8种毒物对斜生栅藻的生长影响(细胞数、光密度)试验研究,确定HgCl2、NaN3、CdSO4都可以作为藻类阳性参比毒物,废水毒性监测结果可采用藻类生长阻碍率和相当于硫酸隔浓度值表示. 相似文献
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活性污泥中污泥上浮的产生与控制 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
对国内外活性污泥法中污泥上浮问题的研究结果表明 ,引起污泥上浮的原因是多方面的。在进水水质方面有 :过量表面活性物质和类脂化合物 ,过低或过高的 pH值冲击 ,碱度过高 ,水温过热 ,酚及其衍生物、醇、醛、某些有机酸、硫化物、重金属及卤化物等致毒性底物的流入等等。工艺运行方面的原因有 :过量曝气 ,污泥缺氧反硝化 ,污泥回流量过大 ,池底积泥腐化以及机械应力等。还有起沫丝状菌的过量生长产生的泡沫和浮渣。控制活性污泥上浮的主要措施有 :调节曝气池的DO、pH值 ,采用均质调节池并控制进水水质及液位 ,合理投加营养盐等 相似文献
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利用间接竞争法免疫学原理,以自制的大田软海绵酸(okadaic acid,OA)与卵清白蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)的偶联物OA-OVA包覆微球为载体,同时自制生物化抗OA单克隆抗体,利用液态芯片(Luminex Xmap 200TM)系统建立OA液态芯片定量检测方法;同时测定了方法的灵敏性和特异性,并对贝类模拟样本进行了测试。结果显示:液态芯片法对OA的检测线性范围为0.2~63μg/L,最低检测值为0.129μg/L,均优于酶联免疫吸附法;除与DTX-1的交叉反应率为54.2%外,与其他几种用于检测的贝类毒素没有任何交叉现象;在加标浓度为6.25~400μg/L时,回收率为84.96%~90.35%,变异系数为3.20%~6.59%。因此,该方法可满足海产品中贝类样品OA限量标准检测。 相似文献
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Mathias B. Forrester 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(4):739-743
Many lupine species (Genus Lupinus) contain toxic compounds, although the amount of these substances varies by the plant part and species. This investigation described the epidemiology of 138 lupine exposures reported to Texas poison centers during 1998–2005. Almost 88% of the lupine exposure calls occurred in March and April, and 90% of the calls came from the central portions of the state. Sixty-one percent of the calls involved female patients, and 91% of the patients were age <6 years. The lupine exposure occurred at the patient's own residence in 79% of the cases. Of the reported lupine exposures, 93% were handled outside of health care facilities, and, of those cases with a known medical outcome, few moderate or major effects, and no deaths, were reported. The most frequently noted clinical effect among cases during 2000–2005 was vomiting, affecting 8% of the cases. In conclusion, most reported lupine exposures in Texas came from the central parts of the state, occurred in spring, and involved young children. Typical reported lupine exposures in Texas were not likely to have adverse outcomes. 相似文献