废旧电子线路板中铜、镍、银的连续测定

为解决废旧电子线路板金属检测过程中所遇到的金属分布不均匀以及金属难以浸取问题,采取适当的样品前处理和样品全分析法。通过对样品进行适当前处理,先灼烧破坏其有机物,再以王水全部溶解样品,在一定条件下,碘量法测定铜、原子吸收光谱法测定镍和银,相对标准偏差均小于3.5%。     

曝气生物流化床工艺深度处理印刷电路板废水的应用

采用曝气生物流化床(ABFT)工艺对某印制电路板废水进行深度处理。结果表明,在进水平均CODcr、NH3-N、Cu2+浓度分别为176.5、22.16、0.25mg/L条件下,当进水流量为420m3/h,气水比为4.5:1时,出水平均CODcr、NH3-N、Cu2+浓度分别为20.5、0.85、0.15mg/L,远低于当地排放要求,同时,ABFT系统具有运行稳定、较强的抗负荷冲击能力。     

电子元器件表面化学防护效果的测定研究

目的研究电子元器件表面化学防护的方法。方法应用选择性涂覆设备进行研究并优化工艺条件,选择丙烯酸清漆和稀释剂的体积混合比例从1∶0.2到1∶1进行实验,在100 mm/s的喷涂速度下,喷涂印制板的过程在0.5 min内完成,喷涂的相对标准偏差不超过±0.005 mm。结果涂层厚度可控制在25~75μm的范围内,符合国际标准ICP-CC-830的要求,涂层具有较好的流平性,无气泡、针孔和絮状物,无雾化等。结论这种方法可以成功地应用于印制板上电子元器件表面的化学防护。该方法具有涂覆准确性高,有毒稀释剂消耗量低,涂覆效果好,经济环保等的特点。     

Economics of an ecotourism operation in Belize

The economic inputs and outputs for the Possum Point Biological Station in Belize during 1990–1992 are described to illustrate some aspects of an ecotourism operation. Eight hundred fifty-four people in 59 groups visited Possum Point during the study period to tour rain forests, estuaries, and coral reefs. The economic input to Possum Point from these groups increased from $74,552 in 1990 to $166,268 in 1992. Outputs were for license fees, capital improvements, goods and services, labor, fossil fuels, and development of a historic sugar mill site. An annual donation was also made to a scholarship fund for local Belizean students. The net cash balance of income and outputs changed from negative (−$6678) in 1990 to positive (+$4811) in 1992, suggesting development of the economic operation. Possum Point meets the economic criteria for ecotourism by feeding back some tourist monies for community and environmental support, particularly donations for the sugar mill site and the scholarship fund. Most of the outputs from Possum Point (about 80%) were retained in the local economy through employment and purchases, which have a positive influence on the local community. We conclude that ecotourism operations, such as Possum Point, offer important sustainable development opportunities for Belize.     

时序逻辑电路分析方法的改进

本文采用次态卡诺图法对时序逻辑电路的功能进行分析,力图改进传统异步时序电路的分析方法,在保证分析结果正确无误的前提下,简化了常规分析方法中繁琐的步骤,更具有实用性。以一个8421BCD码表示的十进制异步减法计数器为例,给出各触发器状态方程的表达式,并用状态表、状态图分析其逻辑功能。     

机械处理废弃印刷线路板

分析了废弃印刷线路板的特点，介绍了机械处理的方法，及国外机械处理废弃印刷线路板的实践和进展。     

清洁生产与循环经济

将实践和理论结合阐述了循环经济理论的理念及循环经济和清洁生产的关系。实现循环经济理论在技术层面应当开发和应用3种技术：清洁生产技术，末端治理技术和报废产品回用技术；在社会层面应当发挥政府和公民两方面的作用。在我国当前国情条件下，实施循环经济的重点是：扎扎实实地推行清洁生产，开展废旧物品的回用。政府的职责是制定实施循环经济的法规，宏观规划；民众应提高循环经济和可持续发展的意识，自觉地可持续消费。     

Dust explosion incidents and regulations in the United States

The U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) investigated three fatal dust explosions that all occurred in 2003. These explosions caused the deaths of 14 people and injured hundreds more. Two of the facilities were damaged beyond repair, and several hundred employees lost their jobs.

CSB's investigations revealed that the explosions had common causes, despite their geographic and industrial diversity. Consequently, CSB commissioned a study of combustible dust fire and explosion hazards. This paper presents a summary of CSB's findings and recommendations developed during that study.     

The Wild Kangaroo Industry: Developing the Potential for Sustainability

Wildlife resources the world over have long been subject to harvest and management. As wildlife uses have grown, so too have the need and desire to ensure their sustainability. This new context of sustainability presents opportunities to merge ecological, economic and social elements to foster development. This paper presents the management and harvesting of wild kangaroos as an example of the potentially sustainable use of a natural resource. Some comparisons are drawn between the use of other wild living resources, deer in Europe and crayfish in Western Australia. However, sustainability of kangaroo species and the industry is not just a matter of market economics and ecology, it must also be socially sustainable. The public policy instrument of a statutory advisory board with a marketing function is proposed in order to integrate the cultural and social aspects of kangaroo management with the economic and ecological aspects. Through such integration, full sustainability of a wild resource then might be achieved.     

世界废弃印刷电路板的机械处理技术现状

电子废弃物中废印刷电路板的处置 ,一直是相当复杂的问题。根据废电路板中各种组分的结合方式 ,采用机械方法进行材料的分离 ,是经济适用并与环境相协调的处理手段。本文介绍了废电路板再利用技术中采用的各种机械设备 ,并总结了国外机械处置方法的实践进展。