锌镉还原法的海水硝酸盐浓度

按照《海洋调查规范》(1991)中锌镉还原法 ,用三对基体来配制NO3 -标准溶液 :NaCl水 (31gNaCl加纯水至 1L)与无氮东海海水ECS、《海洋调查规范》(1991)人工海水SAS(NaCl水加MgSO4)与ECS和Strick land Parsons(1972 )人工海水SP72 (SAS加NaHCO3 )与ECS。经测定 ,且忽略标准曲线方程的截距 ,纯水与ECS的NO3 -还原率比为 0 .2 6 6 ,NaCl水与ECS的比为 0 .70 6 ,SAS与ECS的比为 0 .90 1,而SP72与ECS的比则为1.0 0 9。显然 ,用ECS和等价的SP72定出的值最接近天然海水中NO3 -的浓度。由《海洋调查规范》(1991)SAS定出的浓度须乘上 0 .90 1～ 0 .95 6后才接近海水中NO3 -浓度。     

硝酸银滴定法与硫氰酸汞分光光度法测定水中氯化物（Cl^-）的方法比对

用硝酸银滴定法、硫氰酸汞分光光度法分别测定高浓度的考核已知样及低浓度的考核未知样，均合格。说明两种方法都能满足水和废水中氯化物（Cl^-）测定的需要。     

中德中小学环境教育比较

从环境教育的概念出发，较系统地阐述了中德在中小学环境教育方面的异同，进而从认识，观念、科技，管理等角度提出了我国在实施中小学环境教育时可借鉴的一些看法。     

膜技术在挥发性有机蒸汽（VOC）处理中的应用

有机蒸汽（VOC）排放到大气中会引起健康，环境、安全等一系列问题。采用膜技术来处理VOC具有投资较小、分离效率高、能量消耗低、操作简单、不形成二次污染等优点，所以在处理VOC方面有着广泛的应用。文中介绍了膜分离技术处理有机蒸汽的原理，膜法处理有机蒸汽的过程及其工艺流程。     

异养-电极-生物膜联合反应器脱除地下水中硝酸盐的研究

提出了异养 电极 生物膜联合反应器脱除地下水中硝酸盐的工艺 ,该反应器以异养反硝化为主 ,通过电化学段脱除异养段后水中残留的甲醇或硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐氮 .进水中碳氮比 (质量比 )从 2 2— 2 9,都可保证出水中既无亚硝酸盐积累现象 ,也无残留的甲醇 ,但甲醇略为过量时可提高反应器的处理能力 .2 4℃时处理硝酸盐氮浓度 40mg L的进水 ,反应器最大脱硝负荷为 47g (m3 ·h) .     

Field measurements of dissociation of ammonium nitrate at a Beijing site

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PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR NITRATE LOAD IN THE BULL RUN WATERSHED,OREGON1

ABSTRACT: Predictive models for nitrate in four streams in the Bull Run Watershed in the Cascade Mountains of Oregon were developed from a record of 17 years of nitrate samples. The models are time series regression models written in terms of Log(nitrate load). The independent variables are logarithm of 14-day mean daily stream discharge, current day's precipitation, logarithm of the previous day's precipitation, total precipitation for the previous seven days, a hydrograph position variable that indicates rising or falling limb, and average maximum air temperature for the preceding 14 days. The models describe annual cycle and seasonable trends and variations in nitrate load, but are unable to describe large day to day variations like those associated with hydrograph peaks.     

硝酸甲胺反应过程的安全性研究

用反应量热仪(RC1e)对硝酸溶液与一甲胺溶液在反应过程中的热安定性进行初步研究,分别测试不同反应温度、加料速度和初始硝酸浓度下反应的放热情况。实验结果表明:该中和过程反应迅速,在室温就能进行;与反应温度、加料速度相比,起始硝酸浓度对反应安全性影响最大,且硝酸浓度越高,反应的速度和反应的完全程度也越高。实验还表明:RC1e是研究反应过程中热安定性情况的有效工具,能通过反应过程的热量变化体现反应速率,所得结果对硝酸甲胺的工业化生产具有重要的参考价值。     

野生植物南山王次生化合物的生物活性研究

研究了野生植物南山王次生代谢产物的抽提技术以及其对菜青虫、小菜蛾的生物活性。试验证明:南山王的根和茎叶浸提率以甲醇最高,分别为35 2%和8 0%;其不同部位、不同极性溶剂的抽提物具有相似的生物活性;以0 01gDW/ml浓度处理供试对象的非选择性拒食率达到85 9%～93 9%,触杀作用的光活化比达到25 5～30.4。     

Rapid amino acid cycling in arctic and antarctic soils

Amino acids constitute one of the largest inputs of organic nitrogen (N) to most polar soils and have been hypothesized to be important in regulating vegetational succession and productivity in Arctic ecosystems. Our understanding of amino acid cycling in these soils, however, is poor. The aim of this study was to investigate the size and rate of turnover of the amino acid pool in a range of Arctic and Antarctic soils. Our results indicate that in polar soils with either high or low ornithogenic inputs the amino acid pool is small in comparison to the inorganic N pool (NO^–₃ and NH⁺₄). The free amino acid pool constituted only a small proportion of the total dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) pool in these soils. Here we show that these low concentrations may be due to rapid use by the soil microbial community in both Arctic and Antarctic soils. The turnover of the amino acid pool in soil was extremely rapid, with a half-life ranging from 2 to 24 h, indicating that this N pool can be turned over many hundred times each summer when polar soils are frequently unfrozen. The implications of amino acids in N cycling and plant and microbial nutrition are discussed.