食物中的『脑白金』

核桃核桃中所含脂肪的主要成分是亚油酸甘油脂,食后不但不会使胆固醇升高,还能减少肠道对胆固醇的吸收。因此,可作为高血压、动脉硬化患者的滋补品。此外,核桃中所含的微量元素锌和锰是脑垂体的重要成分,常食有益于脑的营养补充,有健脑益智作用。苹果苹果有"智慧果"、"记忆果"的美称。它不仅含有丰富的糖、维生素和矿物质等大脑必需的营养素,而且富含锌元素,而锌是人体内许多重要     

水溶液中硝基苯的超声微电场降解

研究了超声微电场中硝基苯的降解过程，并探讨了降解机理及反应历程。结果表明，硝基苯的降解符合拟一级反应，超声与微电场的耦合协同作用大大提高了硝基苯的降解效率，在槽电压10V条件下，协同作用的降解速率比简单加和作用的速率高一倍以上，经过30min协同处理后可以获得93．8％的去除率，而溶液中饱和气体种类等对降民产生一定的影响，经紫外和SMPE－GC－MS分析，推断硝基苯在电超声场作用下存在氧化还原反应与热解、自由基作用等协同作用。主要中间降解产物为苯胺、偶氮苯、1－氧，2－苯基－二氮烯、1，2－苯二甲酸二丁酯、1，2－苯二甲酸丁酯异丁酯等，最终产物为CO2、水及无机盐类。     

二氧化氯、亚氯酸盐和氯酸盐水溶液的致突变性

二氧化氯 (ＣｌＯ2 )在消毒过程中伴随有亚氯酸盐 (ＣｌＯ-2 )和氯酸盐 (ＣｌＯ-3)产生 ,本文用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 /微粒体酶试验 (Ａｍｅｓ试验 )和小鼠微核试验 ,对ＣｌＯ2 ,ＮａＣｌＯ2 和ＮａＣｌＯ3水溶液的致突变进行了研究 .1　试验方法把昆明种小白鼠随机分组 ,每组 1 0只 ,雌雄各半 ,体重为 2 8± 1ｇ .设三个剂量组 ,低剂量组为5ｇ·ｋｇ- 1 体重 ,中剂量组为 1 0ｇ·ｋｇ- 1 体重 ,高剂量组为 2 0ｇ·ｋｇ- 1 体重 .阴性对照为蒸馏水 ,阳性对照为环磷酰胺 (40ｍｇ·ｋｇ- 1 体重 ) .各剂量组和阴性对照组经口灌胃给药 ,阳性对照组为…     

臭氧水溶液对纯化水系统消毒效果分析

采用臭氧水溶液冲洗消毒的方式对纯化水系统进行消毒。通过消毒前后对细菌杀灭的对比及阳性菌挑战性试验的检测，来考察臭氧对微生物的杀灭效果。结果：以含臭氧0.64mg/L的水溶液对纯化水贮罐和使用回路作用60min，对细菌的杀灭率为100%；对染有金黄色葡萄球菌的洁净管内壁作用60min，细菌杀灭率达100%。上述结果说明，纯化水系统采用臭氧消毒的方式能够控制微生物的生长。     

超声波降解水溶液中叔丁醇的研究

研究了超声场降解水溶液中叔丁醇的行为，并探讨了反应动力学模式。实验表明．在本实验条件下超声波降解叔丁醇能够达到较好的降解效果。叔丁醇的去除率随着超声辐射时间的延长而提高，在频率为20kHz、功率为1500W的超声场下，作用80min能够达到90％左右的去除率。反映体系的降解速率随着反应温度的提高而升高，随着初始浓度的增大而降低：反应体系的pH值对叔丁醇的降解率影响不大：溶液中溶解气体的种类对降解效果有一定影响。反应速率常数按照由快到慢的顺序为ko2〉k未作处理〉kN2。在一定的初始浓度条件下，超声波降解叔丁醇的反应符合假一级反应动力学模式。     

米糠生物质解毒含铬(Ⅵ)水溶液的研究

农林生物质是一种成本低、环境友好的重金属废水处理材料,也是受重金属污染环境的修复材料之一.实验讨论了初始pH值、米糠用量、吸附时间对含铬(Ⅵ)水溶液解毒的影响.结果表明,米糠对Cr(Ⅵ)存在吸附作用,同时也有解毒还原能力.100 mL浓度为100 mg/L的含铬溶液,在初始pH为2、米糠用量为3 g、吸附-反应平衡时间7 h的条件下,生物质吸附去除溶液中的铬为14.4%,而原溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)解毒了57.2%,米糠生物质吸附总铬的能力为0.48 mg Cr/g(生物质).米糠生物质有潜在的吸附铬和修复受铬污染环境的利用价值.     

Heavy metal removal from aqueous solution using carbonaceous K2S-impregnated adsorbent

A novel carbonaceous adsorbent for heavy metal removal was prepared from raw coal by one-step simple sulfur impregnation using K2S. Raw coal was mixed with K2S powder and then heated at 800°C for 30 min in nitrogen to produce K2S char. The sulfur content and form in K2S char were determined, and the ability of K2S char to adsorb Zn2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ was examined. The K2S impregnation was e ective at impregnating sulfur into coal, especially in the form of elemental, thiophenic and sulfatic sulfur. The sulfur content of K2S char was higher than those of raw coal and pyrolysis char. The Zn2+ removal in 2.4 mmol/L of Zn2+ solution by K2S char was higher than raw coal with the removal rate of 100%. K2S char adsorbed Pb2+ and Cd2+ in 24 mmol/L of Pb2+ and Cd2+ solution with the removal rate of 97% and 35%, respectively. The elution extents of adsorbed Pb2+ and Cd2+ were zero in distilled water and 27% in 0.1 mol/L HCl solution. These results indicated that an e ective adsorbent for heavy metal ions was prepared from coal using K2S sulfur impregnation, and that the adsorbed metals were strongly retained in K2S char.     

对硝基苯胺的光化学降解研究

系统研究了氙灯和高压汞灯照射下对硝基苯胺(PNA)在蒸馏水、人工海水和天然海水中的光化学降解情况.结果表明,PNA光降解速率会受到光源、溶液介质、温度、起始浓度、重金属离子、甲醇及过氧化氢浓度的影响.随着光源强度的增强、起始浓度的增大、温度的增高和过氧化氢量的增加,PNA在海水中光降解速率相应加快;然而甲醇的加入可有效...     

Adsorption mechanism of phenolic compounds from aqueous solution on hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent

The adsorption of two phenols, namely, phenol and salicylic acid(SA) onto a water-compatible hypercrosslinked polymeric resin (NJ-8) were studied in terms of pseudo-second-order and first order mechanisms for chemical sorption as well as an intraparticle diffusion mechanism process. Kinetic analysis showed that the intraparticle diffusion process was the essential rate-controlling step. The activation energies of sorption have also been evaluated with the pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion constants, respectively. Adsorption equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherms. Adsorption was exothermic and basically of a type of transition between physical and chemical character. The sorption capacity was higher for SA due to its more hydrophobic. Phenol has a higher adsorption enthalpy since it could form stronger hydrogen bonding on NJ-8.