中文Windows环境下的海上溢油预报系统

本文以辽东湾为示范海区，建立了中文Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ环境下的海上溢油预报系统。采用已经验证的环境动力和溢油行为模型，可提供海面油膜的位置和覆盖面积，水体中油的浓度分布以及溢油的比重、粘度、蒸发量、残留量、平均厚度等物化参数的实时预报信息，或用于溢油的环境风险评价。系统界面友好，输入方便，操作简单，反应快捷、后处理功能完备，并具有可扩充性。     

空气自动监测系统软件开发及数据整合模式探讨

空气自动监测系统的仪器仪表多样化，以及数据采集装置和数据格式的差异，给系统软硬件的集成，以及数据应用和管理带来了不便，也是构成空气自动监测信息化进程中的技术瓶颈之一，通过对空气自动监测系统软件开发和数据整合模式的对比分析，探讨了解决问题的途径。     

正确认识和合理开发管理信息系统(MIS)

本文阐述了如何正确认识MIS，以及MIS在企业管理中的作用．强调在开发过程中用科学的方法指导MIS开发的全过程，以提高MIS开发的成功率．     

Trophic relationships in the recently impounded Bagré reservoir in Burkina Faso

The trophic dynamics of Bagré reservoir which has been recently impounded in Burkina Faso was based on the data collected during 1997–1998 period using the Ecopath model and software. Total fish biomass is 22.63 t km⁻² and mainly represents trophic levels (TLs) 2 and 3. The trophic food chain is relatively long and the overall transfer efficiency is quite low. Grazing foodweb based on primary producers is prominent in the reservoir ecosystem and detritus plays a less significant role. Seasonal and long-term variations in water quality have significant influences on the lower TLs clearly showing a bottom-up functioning of the ecosystem. Environmental degradations, such as siltation occurring in the lake, suggest possible risks in limiting ecosystem productivity.     

Establishing Representative No-Take Areas in the Great Barrier Reef: Large-Scale Implementation of Theory on Marine Protected Areas

Abstract:  The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, an area almost the size of Japan, has a new network of no-take areas that significantly improves the protection of biodiversity. The new marine park zoning implements, in a quantitative manner, many of the theoretical design principles discussed in the literature. For example, the new network of no-take areas has at least 20% protection per "bioregion," minimum levels of protection for all known habitats and special or unique features, and minimum sizes for no-take areas of at least 10 or 20 km across at the smallest diameter. Overall, more than 33% of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is now in no-take areas (previously 4.5%). The steps taken leading to this outcome were to clarify to the interested public why the existing level of protection was inadequate; detail the conservation objectives of establishing new no-take areas; work with relevant and independent experts to define, and contribute to, the best scientific process to deliver on the objectives; describe the biodiversity (e.g., map bioregions); define operational principles needed to achieve the objectives; invite community input on all of the above; gather and layer the data gathered in round-table discussions; report the degree of achievement of principles for various options of no-take areas; and determine how to address negative impacts. Some of the key success factors in this case have global relevance and include focusing initial communication on the problem to be addressed; applying the precautionary principle; using independent experts; facilitating input to decision making; conducting extensive and participatory consultation; having an existing marine park that encompassed much of the ecosystem; having legislative power under federal law; developing high-level support; ensuring agency priority and ownership; and being able to address the issue of displaced fishers.     

高层建筑承受纵向地震波时的安全核算构想

高层建筑可预期的灾变非至一端，这里仅探讨高层建筑的抗震性能问题。地震过程中楼体受到的是地震波和自身固有频率的共同作用，此时楼体是一个多维动态系统，其应力状态比传统方法所描述的力学模型要复杂行多。本文应用ANSYS三维仿真有限元软件，采用单点响应谱的方法，对楼体在纵向地震波作用下的应力状态和变形情况进行了分析。对楼体构件单元型式的选择、网格密度的确定、有限元模型的建立等也提出了自己的见解。在后处理中，用列表和图形的方式显示了楼体的位移和应用状态。     

公路建设项目环境影响评价软件RoadEIA介绍

介绍了公路建设项目环境影响评价软件RoadEIA的框架及软件各部分的功能，举了一个用该软件进行评价的工程实例，最后分析总结了该软件的特点。     

公路隧道信息化施工与计算机辅助决策系统研究

结合公路隧道建设实例,通过需求分析,提出了公路隧道信息化施工与计算机辅助决策系统的总体思路。利用数据库技术与软件工程技术,对此系统进行了详细设计,并开发了此软件系(Tunnel-CAS)。该软件系统集围岩类别智能判别、围岩应力分析与预测、围岩变形分析与预测和围岩支护结构安全性判别四大功能于一体,具有友好的用户界面。     

Elman神经网络在矿井突水水源判别中的应用

矿井突水是矿建与生产过程中最具威胁的自然灾害之一,准确判别突水水源是防治水害的关键。选取6种离子的质量浓度作为突水水源的判别因素,将河南省焦作矿区不同水层的39组水化数据以2种样本设计方案进行Elman神经网络模型的构建与检验。以不同的35组水源样品作为训练样本,运用Matlab软件进行Elman神经网络训练,将所建立的判别模型应用于(相应的)4组待测样本的判别,并与DDA、FDA、Bayes三种判别方法的判别结果进行分析比较。2种方案应用结果表明:将具有非线性动态特征的Elman神经网络应用于突水水源判别,在结合相应的水文地质条件前提下,可以准确判断突水来源;矿井多年的开采促使地下各水层水质呈动态变化,Elman神经网络判别模型能够反映这种变化特性,对探寻地下水运移与演化具有一定的应用价值。     

基于无线通讯技术的起重机抬吊同步控制系统改进

本文介绍了基于无线工业以太网通讯的可编程同步检测系统结构和设计方法、同步功能的检测原理及实现方法、调试和操作方法。通过在控制系统中加入信号反馈,将两台起重机的控制执行器信号和末端机械传动的差异值进行反馈跟踪,组成具有反馈功能的抬吊控制系统,在监測到执行器异步或末端传动异步现象时及时控制两车同步停止,从而避免吊物坠落等吊运事故的发生。