声屏障在化工行业的应用

化工行业噪声源多,声级高,防火、防爆、防腐、防风险等要求特别严格。采用常规噪声控制措施受到许多限制,而采用隔声吸声屏障降噪有一定效果。本文以上海几个化工企业为例,论述了隔声吸声屏障的设计、应用及效果。     

灯丝电源抗30kV高压反馈脉冲的可靠性设计

本文着重讨论如何解决当某大功率装置的大电流开关动作时,灯丝电源装置抗30kV的高压反馈脉冲的冲击的问题,通过可靠性改进措施,在高压强流环境(尤其是单次高压强流环境)中,为大电流开关灯丝的加热提供了可靠的抗高压强流冲击的直流加热电源。     

Specificity of communication channels in four limacodid moths: Darna bradleyi, Darna trima, Setothosea asigna, and Setora nitens (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae)

Summary. Darna bradleyi Holloway, D. trima Moore, Setothosea asigna van Eecke and Setora nitens Walker are sympatric and coseasonal limacodid moths in plantations of oil palm, Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecales: Palmae), in Borneo, southeast Asia. We tested the hypothesis that these four species maintain reproductive isolation through specificity in diel periods of communication, microlocation for communication and/or communication signal (pheromone). Studying diel periodicity of calling behavior by female moths and response by male moths to traps baited with virgin females or synthetic pheromone, we determined that sexual communication of D. bradleyi and D. trima took place from ˜17:30 to 18:45 hr and that of S. asigna and S. nitens from ˜18:45 to 20:00 hr and from ˜18:30 to 19:30 hr, respectively. Over 80% of male S. asigna and S. nitens were captured in pheromone-baited traps suspended >5 m high, whereas male D. bradleyi and D. trima were captured mostly in traps <5 m high. Synthetic pheromone baits attracted male moths in a species-specific manner. Moreover, baits containing both S. asigna and S. nitens pheromones failed to attract any male moths, indicating that female S. asigna and S. nitens, with overlapping communication periods, use bifunctional pheromone components that attract conspecific males while repelling heterospecifics. Similarly, addition of D. bradleyi pheromone to S. asigna or S. nitens pheromone reduced attraction of male S. asigna and S. nitens. The failure of D. bradleyi and D. trima, which overlap in time and microlocation for communication, to evolve bifunctional pheromones may be attributed to the recent occurrence of sympatry between D. bradleyi and D. trima in Borneo, apparently too recent for bifunctional pheromones to have evolved. We conclude that D. bradleyi, D. trima, S. asigna and S. nitens utilize any or all of diel periodicity, intra and interspecific effects of communication signal and/or microlocation for signaling, allowing these limacodids to co-inhabit the same habitat and remain reproductively isolated. Received 5 May 2000; accepted 18 August 2000     

廊坊地区框架建筑的隔震设计

廊坊市的地震基本烈度为 8度 ,同时受中远场和近场地震影响。具有背景地震烈度较高而高烈度地震发震概率较小的特点。本文研究了根据廊坊市地震动加速度参数特点进行的框架结构隔震建筑设计方法与实例     

高效降氰菌群的构建及降解特性

从筛选到的降氰菌中构建出了优于单一菌种降氰活性的复配菌群CNR.研究了该复合菌群的生长条件,探讨了温度、pH、接种量、氰化物初始浓度及降解时间等因素对CNR降氰的影响.研究表明,复配菌群CNR适应碱性环境,可降解高浓度氰化物(CN-11 000 mg/L),并对金属氰化物和脂肪族腈具有极强的降解能力.在有氧、pH 11、33 ℃和接种量10%条件下.含CN-11 000 ng/L培养液经60 h降解后,CN-1浓度降为0.49 mg/L,降氰率高达99.96%,达到国家一级排放标准.     

渤海湾淤泥质海岸带典型地区景观空间格局分析

以景观多样性、景观破碎度和景观分离度作为评价指标,分析渤海湾淤泥质海岸带典型地区景观空间格局以及人类活动对景观结构的影响。将研究区域分为耕地、荒地、村镇、盐田、虾池、滩涂、库塘以及河流沟渠8个景观要素。分析表明,景观多样性主要受耕地和荒地的影响和支配;耕地和荒地的破碎度大,分离度小;盐田和河流沟渠的破碎度最小;村镇和滩涂的分布状况导致其分离度大。     

Microsatellite analysis provides efficient confirmation of fetal trophoblast isolation from maternal circulation

Fetal trophoblasts can be found in maternal circulation from an early stage of pregnancy and thus provide a potential source of DNA for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. We have developed a two-step method for trophoblast isolation between the 8th and 12th week of pregnancy. Blood was sampled from 14 women undergoing termination of pregnancy or spontaneous abortion. Immunomagnetic beads precoated with HLA class I and II, and with anti-cytokeratin-18 monoclonal antibodies, were used to remove CD8+ and other maternal cells, and to select for fetal trophoblasts, respectively. Microsatellite analysis was performed on DNA extracted from the isolated, maternal, paternal and placental cells after PCR amplification. Recovery of the trophoblasts was confirmed in 13/14 cases (93%) by the identification of an identical microsatellite pattern for fetal and placental cells. Further evidence was the presence of heterozygous alleles of both maternal and paternal origin. The correct prediction of gender in all five male fetuses was an additional confirmation of trophoblast recovery. We conclude that trophoblasts can be effectively isolated from maternal blood in the first trimester, and by using polymorphic microsatellite markers to confirm sample purity, this method has potential future application in prenatal diagnosis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

辽东湾海冰中微生物的分离

本文报道了辽东湾４个采样点海冰样品中异差细菌异养真菌、粪大菌群等微生物的分离，并用海水和淡水培养基分别对其进行了菌数分离比较，同时还对其中两个采样的冰下水与沉积物样品做了分离对照。结果表明，海冰（化冰水）样品中异养细菌的丰度为：１０＾３－１０＾５ＣＦＵ／ｄｍ＾３，异养真菌为：１０＾１－１０＾２ＣＦＵ／ｄｍ＾３；弧菌为；〈１０＾２－１０＾３ＣＦＵ／ｄｍ＾３；石油烃降解菌为：１０＾２－１０＾４ＣＦＵ／     

在较高位置构筑大型隔声屏的降噪工程

在控制工厂二层楼顶的风机群及冷却塔群的噪声工程中，复式隔声屏获１８ｄＢ（Ａ）的降噪效果。主屏由轻结构板及隔振底盘组成。主习体被若干伸缩隔断以消除热应力。副屏是为了减少主屏隔振底盘缝的漏声。迷路消声构造减少伸缩缝的漏声。为了抗风，主习必须锚固，并且屏体自身应有良好的结构。     

Testing the ability of males and females to respond to altered songs in the dueting green lacewing, Chrysoperla plorabunda (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Green lacewings in the carnea group of Chrysoperla engage in species-specific heterosexual duets using low-frequency substrate-borne signals. Within each species, both sexes sing nearly identical songs. Songs are the principal barriers to hybridization between sympatric species in the complex. Here, we investigated the responsiveness of males and females of Chrysoperla plorabunda to synthesized, prerecorded songs that differed from the species mean in the period between repeated volleys of abdominal vibration. We tested 15–16 males and 15–16 females using playbacks of two signals that gradually increased or decreased in volley period, starting at the species mean. We found that (1) duets during courtship are accurate, interactive, and adjustable by each participant; (2) in staged duets, both sexes respond best to song tempos near the mean volley period of their population, but can nonetheless maintain duets with signals of nearly twice, or half, the normal volley period; (3) individuals fine-tune their adjustments to signals of different volley periods by changing their own volley duration and latent period, or less often by inserting extra volleys or skipping every other volley; (4) males are significantly better at matching signals of changing tempo than females; and (5) the range of song responsiveness of C. plorabunda does not overlap the natural range of volley periods found in Chrysoperla adamsi, an acoustically similar sibling species, thus reaffirming strong behavioral isolation. In sum, the precise, almost unbreakable heterosexual duets characteristic of song species of the carnea group result from tight mutual feedback between partners. Effective reproductive isolation between species can be based on song differences alone.