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201.
本文通过对大连化工厂区域土壤样品中砷的水溶态、碳酸铵交换态、盐酸溶解态、氢氧化钠溶解态、残渣态的析,以及各种形态中三价、五价砷的测定,评价该区砷的分布特征和污染现状,为研究砷在环境中的迁移规律和污染防治提供科学依据. 相似文献
202.
Assessment of As and Heavy Metal Contamination in the Vicinity of Duckum Au-Ag Mine, Korea 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Ju-Yong Kim Kyoung-Woong Kim Jong-Un Lee Jin-Soo Lee Jenny Cook 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2002,24(3):213-225
In order to assess the potential of As and heavy metal contamination derived from past mining activity and to estimate the human bioavailability quotients for As and heavy metals. Tailings, soils and crop samples were collected and analysed for As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. The mean concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in the tailings were 68.5, 7.8, 99, 3,754 and 733 µg g–1, respectively. Maximum Pb concentration in tailings was up to 90 times higher than its tolerable level. The concentrations of these metals were highest in the soils from the dressing plant area, and decreased in the order: farmland soil to paddy soil. In particular, some of the soils from the dressing plant area contained more than 1% of Pb and Zn. The pollution index ranged from 0.19 to 1.93 in paddy soils, and from 1.47 to 3.60 in farmland soils. The average concentrations of heavy metals in crops collected from farmland were higher than those in rice stalks or rice grains, and higher than the internationally accepted limits for vegetables. Element concentrations extracted from farmland soils within the simulated human stomach for 1 h are 9.4 mg kg–1 As, 3.8 mg kg–1 Cd, 37 mg kg–1 Cu, 250 mg kg–1 Pb and 301 mg kg–1 Zn. In particular, the extracted concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn are in excess of the tolerable levels. The results of the simple bioavailability extraction test (SBET) indicate that regular ingestion (by inhalation and from dirty hands) of soils by the local population could pose a potential health threat due to long-term toxic element exposure. 相似文献
203.
通过田间小区试验,研究了广州近郊冲积土添加重金属铜、砷对水稻生长发育的影响.结果表明,随着铜、砷浓度的增加,水稻的株高、生物产量和经济产量均明显下降;铜、砷在水稻各器官的含量分布是根>茎叶>糙米;糙米对铜、砷的吸收累积量很少,均未超过食品卫生标准.若以产量下降10%作为水稻受害的临界点,则铜的临界浓度为100mg/kg,砷为30mg/kg. 相似文献
204.
205.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(3):691-700
Oxidation of Mn(II) or As(III) by molecular oxygen is slow at pH < 9, while they can be catalytically oxidized in the presence of oxide minerals and then removed from contaminated water. However, the reaction mechanisms on simultaneous oxidation of Mn(II) and As(III) on oxide mineral surface and their accompanied removal efficiency remain unclear. This study compared Mn(II) oxidation on four common metal oxides (γ-Al2O3, CuO, α-Fe2O3 and ZnO) and investigated the simultaneous oxidation and removal of Mn(II) and As(III) through batch experiments and spectroscopic analyses. Among the tested oxides, CuO and α-Fe2O3 possess greater catalytic activity toward Mn(II) oxidation. Oxidation and removal kinetics of Mn(II) and As(III) on CuO indicate that O2 is the terminal electron acceptor for Mn(II) and As(III) oxidation on CuO, and Mn(II) acts as an electron shuttle to promote As(III) oxidation and removal. The main oxidized product of Mn(II) on CuO is high-valent MnOx species. This newly formed Mn(III) or Mn(IV) phases promote As(III) oxidation on CuO at circumneutral pH 8 and is reduced to Mn(II), which may be then released into solution. This study provides new insights into metal oxide-catalyzed oxidation of pollutants Mn(II) and As(III) and suggests that CuO should be considered as an efficient material to remediate Mn(II) and As(III) contamination. 相似文献
206.
Investigation and risk assessment modeling of As and other heavy metals contamination around five abandoned metal mines in Korea 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Tailings, agricultural soils, vegetables and groundwater samples were collected from abandoned metal mines (Duckum, Dongil,
Dongjung, Myoungbong and Songchun mines) in Korea. Total concentrations of arsenic (As) and heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn)
were analyzed to investigate the contamination level. Several digestion methods (Toxicity characteristics leaching procedure
(TCLP), synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP), 0.1 N/1 N HCl) and sequential extraction analysis for mine tailings
were conducted to examine the potential leachability of As and heavy metals from the tailings. The order of urgent remediation
for the studied mines based on the risk assessment and remedial goals was suggested.
The Songchun mine tailings were most severely contaminated by As and heavy metals. Total concentrations of As and Pb in the
tailings were 38,600–58,700 mg/kg (av. 47,400 mg/kg) and 11,800–16,800 mg/kg (av. 14,600 mg/kg), respectively. Agricultural
soils having high As concentrations were found at the all mines. Average concentrations of Cd in the vegetables exceeded the
normal value at all mines areas, while As only at the Dongjung, Myoungbong, and Songchun mine area. One groundwater sample
each from the Dongil and Myoungbong mines, and 4 groundwater samples from the Songchun mine had values above 10 μg/L of As
concentration.
The TCLP method revealed that only Pb in the Songchun tailings, 6.49 mg/L, exceeded the regulatory level (5 mg/L). Employing
the 1-N HCl digestion method, the concentration of As in the Songchun mine tailings, 4,250 mg/kg, was up to 3,000 times higher
than its Korean countermeasure standard. Results from the sequential extraction of As in the tailings showed that the easily
releasable fraction in the Myoungbong and Songchun mine tailings was more than 30% and the residual fraction was less than
40%.
Based on results showing the exposure health risk employing the hazard quotient and cancer risk of As, Cd and Zn, the Dongil
mine needs the most urgent remedial action. The concentration reduction factor (CRF) of As in both soil and groundwater follows
the order: Songchun>Dongjung>Dongil>Myoungbong>Duckum mine. 相似文献
207.
Elevated arsenic (As) in groundwater poses a great threat to human health. Coagulation using mono- and poly-Fe salts is becoming one of the most cost-effective processes for groundwater As removal. However, a limitation comes from insufficient understanding of the As removal mechanism from groundwater matrices in the coagulation process, which is critical for groundwater treatment and residual solid disposal. Here, we overcame this hurdle by utilizing microscopic techniques to explore molecular As surface complexes on the freshly formed Fe flocs and compared ferric(III) sulfate (FS) and polyferric sulfate (PFS) performance, and finally provided a practical solution in As-geogenic areas. FS and PFS exhibited a similar As removal efficiency in coagulation and coagulation/filtration in a two-bucket system using 5 mg/L Ca(ClO)2. By using the two-bucket system combining coagulation and sand filtration, 500 L of As-safe water (< 10 μg/L) was achieved during five treatment cycles by washing the sand layer after each cycle. Fe k-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and As k-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis of the solid residue indicated that As formed a bidentate binuclear complex on ferrihydrite, with no observation of scorodite or poorly-crystalline ferric arsenate. Such a stable surface complex is beneficial for As immobilization in the solid residue, as confirmed by the achievement of much lower leachate As (0.9 μg/L–0.487 mg/L) than the US EPA regulatory limit (5 mg/L). Finally, PFS is superior to FS because of its lower dose, much lower solid residue, and lower cost for As-safe drinking water. 相似文献
208.
A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study intraspecific differences in the effects of different concentrations of cadmium (Cd)(0-10 mg/L) and arsenate (As(V)) (0-8 mg/L) on the growth parameters and accumulation of Cd and As in six wheat varieties Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11, Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8. The endpoints of wheat seedlings, including seed germination,biomass, root length and shoot height, decreased with increasing the Cd and As concentrations. Significant differences in seed germination, biomass, root length, shoot height and the accumulation of Cd and As were observed between the treatments and among the varieties (p < 0.05). The lethal dosage 50% were about 20, 80, 60, 60, 80 and 20 mg As/L for Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11,Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8, respectively, and the corresponding values for Cd were about 30, 80, 20, 40, 60 and 10 mg Cd/L, respectively. Among the six varieties, Duokang-1 was found to be the most resistant to Cd and As toxicity, and Zhongmai-8 was the most sensitive to Cd and As co-contamination. The resistance of the six varieties was found dependant on the seedling uptake of Cd and As. Duokang-1 was the most suitable for cultivation in Cd and As co-contaminated soils. 相似文献
209.
原子荧光法测定水中砷监测质量控制指标研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过全国多家实验室测定的大量监测数据研究了原子荧光法测定水中砷的质量控制指标,并与《水和废水监测分析方法》(第4版)中的相关指标进行了比较,旨在为环境监测工作提供质量控制依据和质量控制指标。研究表明,标准样品实验室内相对偏差的控制范围为小于等于4%;浓度小于0.05 mg/L的实际样品的相对偏差小于等于10%,浓度大于等于0.05 mg/L时相对偏差小于等于5%。实验室间相对偏差的控制范围为小于等于10%。相对误差一般控制在±15%以内,加标回收率为90%~110%。 相似文献
210.