春季角毛藻对N/P值响应的FRD判别

首次运用FRD判别法,探讨了角毛藻(Chaetocerossp.)生长对N/P值的响应过程。通过大亚湾春季现场观测的角毛藻细胞数量与DIN/PO4比值关系分析,构建关系曲线的完全样本进行泛函回归分割(FRD)判别。FRD判别表明,角毛藻是以3种不同的生长状况响应N/P值变化,即在N/P<15.79(±1.41)时,角毛藻数量随N/P值增大处于缓慢生长状况;在N/P=15.79(±1.41)～59.90(±4.28)之间时,角毛藻数量则随N/P值增大而迅速增长;而当N/P>59.90(±4 28)时,角毛藻数量达到最大生长值,并处于上下涨落状态。     

N2:O emissions from a cultivated Andisol after application of nitrogen fertilizers with or without nitrification inhibitor under soil moisture regime

IntroductionNitrousoxide (N2 O)isoneoftheenvironmentallyimportanttracegases ,currentlyaccountingfor 2 %—4 %oftotalGreenhouseWarmingPotential (GWP ) .Itisalsoinvolvedinthedepletionofstratosphericozone .SoilhasbeenknownasthemajorsourceofN2 O ,accountingfor 6 5 %oftotalglobalemissions(Prather,1995 ) .Thus,reducingN2 Oemissionsfromsoilsisamaintaskfortheprotectionoftheglobalatmosphere .N2 Oisproducedastheresultofsoilmicrobialprocesses ,primarillybynitrification ,whentheoxidationhappensofNH+…     

温度和C/N比对生物膜反硝化速率的影响

温度和C/N比是影响生物反硝化速率的2个重要参数,以反硝化生物膜为对象,研究了温度和C/N比对生物膜反硝化速率的影响.实验结果表明,生物膜在25 ℃下的反硝化速率要比13 ℃下的大;C/N比越高生物膜反硝化速率越大.     

武汉东湖沉积物氮磷形态垂向分布研究

以武汉东湖为研究对象,分析并比较了3个采样点柱状沉积物中各种形态氮、磷的垂向分布,并结合pH进行了研究.结果表明:东湖沉积物pH小于上覆水中pH并随沉积物深度增加呈下降趋势.总氮与总磷均为处于湖湾区的1号点最高,2号点湖心最低,3号点居中.氨氮和硝酸盐氮也表现为1号点远远大于2号点和3号点.随着近年治污力度的加大,1号点的氮磷水平呈下降趋势,但是3号点受面源污染影响,氮、磷水平上升很快,甚至在表层已经和1号点持平.磷虽然仍然是东湖最主要的限制性营养元素,但受硝化与反硝化作用及聚磷菌的影响,近20a来,东湖沉积物总氮含量下降很大,氮磷比仅为3左右.     

三江平原沼泽湿地N2O浓度与排放特征初步

2001年8月到9月在三江平原沼泽湿地进行N2O的原位静态箱观测.结果发现近地气层N2O平均浓度为281.7×10-9m3/m3,低于大气背景浓度,说明沼泽湿地可能是人类目前了解较少但很重要的N2O汇.选取积水状况和地表植被不同的毛果苔草沼泽、小叶章湿草甸(Ⅰ,Ⅱ)以及作为对照的小麦休耕地进行观测,发现4个地点的N2O排放日变化形式不完全相同,除小麦田全天持续排放N2O外,其余各点一天当中均出现排放与吸收交替出现的情况.温度是影响排放模式的主要因素.观测期内毛果苔草沼泽、小叶章湿草甸(Ⅰ,Ⅱ)和小麦休耕地N2O的平均排放强度分别为0.22μg/(m2@h),1.75μg/(m2@h),1.31μg/(m2@h)和4.86μg/(m2@h).氧化还原电位是决定沼泽湿地N2O排放特征的关键因子,地表积水情况和土壤水分状况则是影响N2O排放的另一重要因素.     

毛细管柱气相色谱法同时测定水中甲醇、乙醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺

采用HP-PLOT Q毛细管柱,气相色谱氢火焰离子化检测器同时测定地表水和废水中甲醇,乙醇,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,方法不受水中苯系物的干扰,在甲醇,乙醇,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺分别为7.92~792 mg/L,7.98~798 mg/L和9.45~945 mg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数均0.999,准确度高,加标回收率均94.2%,精密度好,相对标准偏差均≤5.79%,检出限分别为1.17,1.31和2.05 mg/L。     

Recent advances in special morphologic photocatalysts for NOx removal

● Systematic information of recent progress in photocatalytic NO _x removal is provided. ● The photocatalysts with special morphologies are reviewed and discussed. ● The morphology and photocatalytic NO _x removal performance is related. The significant increase of NO_x concentration causes severe damages to environment and human health. Light-driven photocatalytic technique affords an ideal solution for the removal of NO_x at ambient conditions. To enhance the performance of NO_x removal, 1D, 2D and 3D photocatalysts have been constructed as the light absorption and the separation of charge carriers can be manipulated through controlling the morphology of the photocatalyst. Related works mainly focused on the construction and modification of special morphologic photocatalyst, including element doping, heterostructure constructing, crystal facet exposing, defect sites introducing and so on. Moreover, the excellent performance of the photocatalytic NO_x removal creates great awareness of the application, which has promising practical applications in NO_x removal by paint (removing NO_x indoor and outdoor) and pavement (degrading vehicle exhausts). For these considerations, recent advances in special morphologic photocatalysts for NO_x removal was summarized and commented in this review. The purpose is to provide insights into understanding the relationship between morphology and photocatalytic performance, meanwhile, to promote the application of photocatalytic technology in NO_x degradation.