排序方式: 共有94条查询结果,搜索用时 265 毫秒
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通过构建化学品风险管理SEA(社会经济影响分析)方法学,结合中国硫丹生产、使用及替代技术状况的调研,对中国履约淘汰硫丹的社会经济影响进行了分析. 结果表明:中国5 a淘汰情景下的总成本为5 007.2×104元,其中产业经济成本为4 852.2×104元,管理成本为155.0×104元,沉没成本约为651.0×104元;10 a淘汰情景下的总成本为2 748.5×104元,其中产业经济成本为2 507.6×104元,管理成本为240.9×104元,而沉没成本约为651.0×104元. 硫丹淘汰对现有硫丹原药生产企业会产生一定的经济及化工生产链影响,但总体经济影响不大. 对履约淘汰硫丹的主要利益攸关方、就业影响和消费者福利等因素的分析表明,除对硫丹长期集中使用的棉花种植者构成一定的短期影响外,中国履约淘汰硫丹产生的社会影响较小. 其中,5 a淘汰情景比10 a淘汰情景可减少约2 000 t硫丹环境排放量,具有更显著的环境和健康效益. 因而,建议中国采用5 a淘汰情景履约淘汰硫丹,研究成果可为国家硫丹履约行动计划的制订和实施提供参考. 相似文献
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An inquiry into the concept of SEA effectiveness: Towards criteria for Chinese practice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Olivia Bina Wu Jing Lex Brown Maria Rosário PartidárioAuthor vitae 《Environmental Impact Assessment Review》2011,31(6):572-581
The importance of improving the effectiveness of Plan EIA and SEA-type evaluations in China cannot be overstated: at a time when the country's economy is being boosted by a stimulus package worth over RMB 400 trillion – largely for infrastructure – the pressure on China's already strained environment and resource base is bound to increase. The aim is to propose the criteria for plan EIA's effectiveness to raise the awareness of the need to strengthen the performance of the assessment and maximize its potential benefits. The authors first review critically the discourse on the effectiveness of the impact assessment, identifying three dimensions: substantive, procedural and incremental. The resulting conceptual framework allows them to interpret the weaknesses of the Chinese discourse on the effectiveness and of the practice of the Plan EIA to date. The result is the identification of a clear gap, both in terms of the breadth of the concept, and in terms of the quality of the existing criteria, which tend to be very generic to the point of inapplicability. The analysis also reveals a need for transitioning from formal models of the Plan EIA to more strategic approaches, in a gradual manner that is consistent with context-specificities. The proposal of a set of preliminary criteria for effectiveness is therefore structured on three levels. This framework is meant to input into the ongoing debate on how to improve the practice of PEIA and the SEA-type evaluations in China, and provide ideas for a government strategy aimed at maximizing the positive impact of PEIAs on planning, as well as on the context of application. 相似文献
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Gao Changbo Mo Chuangrong Chen Xingeng Zhang Shixi & Sun Yanjun .School of Environmental Sciences Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China .Guangdong Industry Technical College Guangzhou China 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2005,(4)
1 INTRODUCTIONStrategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is the application of EIA(Environment Impact Assessment) to strategic actions such as policies, plans or programs (PPPs). More specially, SEA is: 'The formalized, systematic and comprehensive process of evaluating the environmental impacts of a policy, plan or program and its alternatives, including the preparation of a written report on the findings of that evaluation, and using the findings in publicly accountable decision-ma… 相似文献
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建设项目EIA已经发展的相当成熟,在大气、水、噪声、固体废物方面都有一整套详细而又具体的评价标准、程序和方法.然而其表现出来的局限性也越来越突出.近年来发展起来的SEA和HIA可以弥补建设项目EIA的这一缺陷.关于SEA和HIA的研究国外起步较早,研究和实施的较深入,而中国则起步相对较晚,研究和实施的较浅显.在分析和总结当前SEA和HIA最新进展的基础上提出对中国在SEA和HIA方面的相关建议. 相似文献
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战略环境影响评价(简称战略环评)是加拿大政府实施可持续发展的一个重要手段。尽管加拿大的战略环境影响评价发展较快,形式多样,但其战略环评的理念及方法却有其一般的规律和特点。本文将介绍加拿大战略环境影响评价的理念、特点及评价方法,分析加拿大战略环评对我国的启示。 相似文献
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Debate across the impact assessment community has been significantly influenced by the emergence of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) in the past few years. Although there are still difficulties regarding the understanding of its nature and technicalities, the need for it was acknowledged, and practice is taking place in diverse forms. Such diversity of approaches to SEA, while enriching debate, are critically confusing the relationship of SEA with other planning and impact assessment tools. In this paper it is argued that the value of SEA is a function of the extent it influences, and adds value, to decision making. Following that rationale, the paper suggests that SEA should be conceptualized as a framework, defined by core elements, that are incrementally integrated into policy and planning procedures and practices, whatever decision-making system in place. It is believed that in this way SEA may better satisfy one of its acknowledged aims and benefits, which is to help achieve sustainable development by changing the way decisions are made. 相似文献
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Noble BF 《Environmental management》2004,33(3):401-411
Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is gaining widespread recognition as a tool for integrating environmental considerations in policy, plan, and program development and decision-making. Notwithstanding the potential of SEA to improve higher-order decision processes, there has been very little attention given to integrating SEA with industry planning practices. As a result, the benefits of SEA have yet to be fully realized among industrial proponents. That said, SEA practice is ongoing, albeit informally and often under a different label, and is proving to be a valuable tool for industry planning and decision-making. Based on a case study of the Pasquai-Porcupine forest management plan in Saskatchewan, Canada, this paper illustrates how an integrated approach to SEA can contribute to industry environmental decision-making and can enhance the quality and deliverability of industry plans. 相似文献
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城市可持续发展的交通战略环境影响评价 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
文章意在探索适应可持续发展战略的城市交通发展 ,建议将战略环境评价 (SEA)引入现在的城市交通战略、规划等方面 ,切实将抽象的宏观性可持续发展战略需求与具体交通决策联系起来。并对如何进行SEA从工作程序、要素考虑、指标选取进行了分析和研究。 相似文献