First detection of an NSAID, flunixin, in sheep's wool using GC-MS

Exposure to the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac resulted in the near extinction of three species of Gyps vultures on the Indian subcontinent. Other NSAIDs present in the environment, including flunixin, may pose a similar risk. In the course of a study to determine the feasibility of detecting NSAIDs in keratinous matrices (i.e., hair, nails and feathers) using GC-MS, wool opportunistically collected from a sheep treated with flunixin was analysed for residues. Flunixin was detected qualitatively in external wool wash and extract samples. While residues of veterinary agents and pesticides have previously been found in sheep’s wool, our preliminary investigation provides the first instance of an NSAID being detected in this matrix. Here we provide the sample preparation methods and GC-MS parameters used to enable further refinement as part of ongoing conservation and consumer quality control measures.     

安全道德素质:缺失与建设

分析了安全道德素质缺失的含义,指出缺失的3个主要原因:对人的生命关怀的伦理意识淡漠;缺少尊重生命健康价值的安全道德责任感;行为者无视法律和道德规范等安全行为准则;指明了安全道德素质必须具备的3个定性特征或关键"三要素":尊重生命的道德意识成为安全观念的基本成分,形成尊重生命的安全道德行为,自觉遵守安全道德规范或安全主体自律;阐明了安全道德素质是安全发展不可缺少的因素,以及企业负责人与安全管理者的安全道德素质对解决中国安全问题有着特殊的意义;提出关于建设安全道德素质的基础性、自觉性和制度性有机统一的理论框架,以适应我国社会"安全发展"的急迫性。     

新型阻燃防护服的研发及其性能测试

本文对使用新型纤维材料研发阻燃防护服装的主要工艺,包括各层面料的选择、层次的搭配,参数的确定以及不同层次间的复合进行了分析。同时还对阻燃防护服装应该达到的国家及国际标准、在进行测试时所需要的仪器及测试方法、阻燃防护服装应达到的性能指标进行了详细介绍。     

电子产品环境试验能力数据库的开发

本文概述了一套电子产品环境试验能力数据库的开发情况。该数据库收集和整理了目前国内电子产品环境试验能力的各种信息,并在计算机技术的基础上,于服务方与客户方之间建立了一种长期以及动态的网络数据共享关系。     

灰色新陈代谢GM(1,1)模型在城市道路交通噪声预测中的应用

以郑州１９９１～１９９６年城市道路交通噪声监测的数据,运用灰色系统理论,建立了常规ＧＭ（１,１）和新陈代谢ＧＭ（１,１）预测模型。经用四种不同方法对两种模型的精度进行检验,结果表明,新陈代谢ＧＭ（１,１）模型优于常规ＧＭ（１,１）模型,其精度更高,不失为预测城市道路交通噪声的一种好方法。应用该模型,对郑州城市道路交通噪声未来１０年进行预测,其结果符合郑州城市的实际情况     

The interaction between concrete pavement and corrosion-induced copper runoff from buildings

Changes in chemical speciation of copper and the capacity of concrete pavement to retain copper in runoff water from external buildings have been investigated at urban field conditions, and in parallel laboratory experiments simulating outdoor scenarios. The research study showed the concrete surface to form a copper rich surface layer (≈50 μm thick) upon exposure, and a high capacity to significantly reduce the bioavailable fraction of released copper (20–95%). The retention capacity of copper varied between 5 and 20% during single runoff events in the laboratory, and between 10 and 40% of the total copper release during single natural runoff events. The capacity to retain and reduce the bioavailable fraction of non-retained copper increased with increasing wetness of the concrete surfaces, increasing pH of the runoff water and decreasing flow rates. Bioassay testing with bacterial and yeast bioreporters showed the bioavailable fraction of non-retained copper to be significantly lower than the total copper concentration in the runoff water, between 22 and 40% for bacteria and between 8 and 31% for yeast. The application of generated data to simulate a fictive outdoor scenario, suggests a significant reduction of bioavailable and total copper to background values during environmental entry as a result of dilution, and the interaction with solid surfaces, organic matter and complexing agents already in the drainage system.     

中国台湾地区对社会第三方环境检测机构的管理与启示

介绍了中国台湾地区对社会第三方环境检测机构的管理历程与资质认定办法,并借鉴其日常监管方式,提出了完善法律制度,实现行业主管部门的监管,建立质量管理体系,提升第三方机构的能力水平,强调以预防为主的动态管理,促进环境检测市场良性发展等建议。     

应用稳健马氏距离评价实验室间比对能力考核

基于稳健马氏距离的多元统计算法,综合评价了全国环境监测系统96个实验室4种有机氯农药监测能力考核的结果,从中筛选出25个考核结果存在异常的实验室。将多元统计结果与稳健Z比分数结果进行比较,发现基于稳健马氏距离筛选出的异常实验室其稳健Z比分数结果也存在一定的问题。同时简单介绍了稳健马氏距离及其相关的异常值筛选的算法原理,并详细介绍了其基于R语言的实现过程。     

对社会第三方检测机构参与环境现场监测活动管理模式的思考

通过分析环境监测面临的形势与发展趋势、引入社会第三方检测机构参与环境现场监测活动的风险,以及现场监测活动自身特点,论述了当前社会第三方检测机构参与环境现场监测活动,应采用由环境监测站领受任务,制定监测方案,指派现场负责人,负责方案的具体实施和全程质控管理,第三方检测机构在现场负责人的指导下完成具体的监测工作,并在此过程中接受现场负责人监督考核的管理模式。提出,社会第三方检测机构参与环境现场监测尚需完善法律体制,提升现场监测监管水平,促进各级环境监测站职能转变。     

烟气脱硫石灰石活性测试装置设计研究

石灰石的活性对烟气脱硫工艺具有重要意义.设计了一套石灰石活性测试装置,该装置可模拟实际脱硫塔的反应过程,测试结果能够准确反映石灰石的活性.