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21.
The equilibrium sorption of tylosin (TYL) on kaolinite and montmorillonite was measured at different solution pH using batch reactor systems. The results showed that all the sorption isotherms were nonlinear and that the nonlinearity decreased as the solution pH increased for a given clay. At a specific aqueous concentration, the single-point sorption distribution coefficient (KD) of TYL decreased rapidly as the solution pH increased. A speciation-dependent sorption model that accounted for the contributions of the cationic and neutral forms of TYL fit the data well, suggesting that the sorption may be dominated by both ion exchange and hydrophobic interactions. The isotherm data also fit well to a dual mode model that quantifies the contributions of a site-limiting Langmuir component (ion exchange) and a non-specific linear partitioning component (hydrophobic interactions). X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that the interlayers of montmorillonite were expanded due to the uptake of TYL. TYL molecules likely form a monolayer surface coverage. 相似文献
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In this paper deposition rate coefficients for unattached and attached radon progeny were estimated according to a particle deposition model for turbulent indoor airflow described by Zhao and Wu [2006. Modeling particle deposition from fully developed turbulent flow in ventilation duct. Atmos. Environ. 40, 457–466]. The parameter which characterizes turbulent indoor airflow in this model is friction velocity, u*. Indoor ventilation changes indoor airflow and friction velocity and influences deposition rate coefficients. Correlation between deposition and ventilation rate coefficients in the room was determined. It was shown that deposition rate coefficient increases with ventilation rate coefficient and that these parameters of the Jacobi room model cannot be assumed to be independent. The values of deposition rate coefficients were presented as functions of friction velocity and ventilation rate coefficient. If ventilation rate coefficient varies from 0.1 up to 1 h−1, deposition rate coefficients for unattached and attached fractions were estimated to be in the range 3–110 h−1 and 0.015–0.35 h−1, respectively. 相似文献
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M. B. Blasius S. J. Kerkhoff R. S. Wright C. R. Cothern 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1972,8(4):704-714
ABSTRACT. The X-ray fluorescence method was used to analyze trace metals collected in particulate form on filter papers and from the ionic state by ion exchange filter papers. The samples were prepared by allowing water to pass through these filter papers. The procedures necessary for using the X-ray fluorescence method are described. A number of samples were taken from the Great Miami River in Dayton, Ohio over one year showing the presence of the following metals, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sr, and Cd. Elements in the periodic table between Ti and Cs were detectable to a sensitivity limit of the order of 30 ppb for metals in the particulate form and 0.4 ppm for metals in the ionic form. 相似文献
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Gonzalez-Fernandez O Hidalgo M Margui E Carvalho ML Queralt I 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,153(2):476-482
Every year between 8 and 9 millions of vehicles in the European Union arrive to their end of life. Car wastes can have a very high metal content, falling into hazardous waste class. A preliminary evaluation of these wastes could be made by metals' leaching test runs which is the main objective of the present study. Evaluation of the total metal content was carried out by X-ray fluorescence and the mobility of these metals using two simple standardized extractions such as the TCLP (Toxicity Characterisation Leaching Procedure) of the US EPA and the German leaching test DIN 38414-S4. Additionally, an extraction test with acetone was performed in order to recognise metals bounded to organic matter. The results show that the total metal content of the ASR can overpass the established values for inert residues. Lead and zinc contents are fairly well correlated with grain-size, whilst other metals' contents do not exhibit clear grain-size dependence. 相似文献
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对取自于云南省昭通市头寨滑坡滑源区附近的两个大尺度(25cm×25cm×50cm)土柱样品进行CT扫描,选取典型剖面切片,通过CT值范围将大孔隙分离从而研究土体中的大孔隙分布;计算大孔隙分布分维数(盒维数),研究其大孔隙的不规则特征,结果表明:土体中大孔隙的盒维数随深度增加呈单调递减规律,且与大孔隙度具有显著正相关关系;但大孔隙度只能表征在某一深度上大孔隙的分布多少,而大孔隙的不规则特征则需盒维数表征;最后得到大孔隙的累积大孔隙度与大孔隙孔径(在盒维数为常数时)符合幂函数规律,研究结果有利于利用分形理论建立大孔隙模型,从而研究水分在大孔隙中运动过程。 相似文献
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