TAR柱前络合、毛细管电泳分析痕量金属离子

1　IntroductionTransitionmetalswereamongthemostconcernelementsinenvironmentalanalysisduetotheirpotentialrolestoplantandanimals[1 ].Theserolesoftransitionmetalsinenvironmentdependedontheirconcentrationinthesoil,waterandlivingthings.Currently ,themostutiliz…     

Fluoride Concentration in Drinking Water in The Province of Soria (Central Spain) and Caries in Children

The fluoride content in the water supply of the Soria province is not normally above 0.2mg L^–1 and its geographical distribution is related to the lithological and geological features of the zone, the highest concentration being associated with the Miocene clay formation of the Almazán Basin.A statistical analysis confirms a connection between this fluoride content and tooth decay among children in rural areas. However, other factors such as oral hygiene and diet have been found to affect tooth decay.     

源于大气的氟在水稻不同器官的分布及对糙米含氟量的影响

用开顶式熏气罩熏气的方法,研究了气源氟在水稻不同器官的分布及对糙米含氟量的影响。结果表明:气源氟主要分布于水稻叶片中,根含氟量不受气源氟的影响;籽粒含氟量取决于籽粒器官形成后空气氟浓度,与籽粒器官形成前的空气氟浓度无关;糙米氟含量与水稻抽穗齐穗后所暴露的氟剂量间呈极显著线性相关关系。     

交联壳聚糖冠醚的合成及其对金属离子的吸附性能

本文合成了交联壳聚糖苯并－１５－冠－５醚和交联壳聚糖苯并－１８－冠－６醚,研究了它们对Ａｇ（Ⅰ）Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）,Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）,Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）,Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）等金属离子的吸附性能和选择性,实验结果表明：无论是在单一金属离子体系还是在二元或三元金属离子体系中,ＣＣＴＳ－ＢＸ和ＣＣＴＳ－ＢＹ对Ａｇ（Ⅰ）和Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）者有较高的吸附选择性。     

Geochemical Characteristics of the Acid Mine Drainage in the Water System in the Vicinity of the Dogye Coal Mine in Korea

This study investigated geochemical characteristics of the acid mine drainage (AMD) discharged from the abandoned mine adits in the vicinity of the Dogye coal mine in Korea. Acid mine drainage discharged from Jeoncha pit adit of the Dogye coal mine, which is the main source of the AMD in the study area, had a pH value of 3.0 and concentrations of 2148mg SO₄ ^2– L^–1, 229mg Fe L^–1, 71mg A1 L^–1 and 11mg Mn L^–1. The reduction of some metal concentrations downstream from the discharge point could be explained on the basis of dilution and precipitation. The order of removal of metal ions downstream from the discharge point was Fe>A1, Cu>Zn, Mn. Acidity could be used as a good determining factor offering comprehensive and quantitative values for the polluting extent of acid mine drainage. The acidities existing in all acidic water samples in the Gunahan district originated primarily from mineral acidity, especially in the upper Nahan Creek from dissolved Fe and Al and in the middle and down Nahan Creek from dissolved Al. From the application of the WATEQ4F program, it was determined that predominant species of dissolved Fe in all water samples was Fe²⁺, and those of dissolved Al were AlSO₄ ⁺ and Al³⁺ except for IW2 sample which was associated with white precipitates. The species of dissolved Al in IW2 sample include also AlOH²⁺ and Al(OH)₂ ⁺. The saturation indices of goethite and haematite were positive in the water samples associated with ochrous precipitates (usually called Yellow Boy), therefore these solids might be precipitated. For the IW2 sample, the saturation indices of amorphous Al(OH)₃ and gibbsite were positive, so theoretically these solids might also be precipitated. By XRD analysis, it was found that goethite occurs in ochrous precipitates, and gibbsite in white precipitates.     

高分子壳聚糖对微量金属离子的螯合作用研究

研究了壳聚糖对溶液中Mn2 + 、Fe2 + 、Cu2 + 、Zn2 + 4种常见微量金属离子的吸附作用 ,通过吸附率、溶液pH等参数 ,表征了壳聚糖的吸附能力及其对离子的选择性吸附 ,其选择性次序为 :Cu+ 2 >Zn2 + >Fe+ 2 >Mn+ 2 ,为壳聚糖处理污水中的微量金属离子作了探索。     

Effects of fluoride on growth and reproduction of the army worm, Mythimna separata (Walker)

This paper deals with effects of airborne fluorine on the army worm, Mythimna separata (Walker), by rearing the larvae on the wheat foliage exposed to HF or fumigating the larvae on the artificial diet with the pollutant. Larval relative growth rate (GR) and index of population trend of the insect reduced by 5% and 11%, respectively, when the larvae were reared on the foliage taken from the wheat plants exposed to 0.87 g·dm^-2·day^-1 of fluorine compared with those of the control. An extra instar appeared in a majority of the larvae treated. Survival rate and GR of the larvae on the wheat plant being exposure to the same concentration of fluorine in field open-top fumigation device were 40% and 15% lower than that of the control, respectively. Similar experiment with the insect on the artificial diet also showed that direct impact of the pollutant on the army worm was greater than its indirect effect via their host plant.     

乌贼墨黑色素对Pb2+-Cu2+二元体系的吸附性能研究

为探索新型生物吸附剂，以乌贼墨黑色素（SIM）为吸附剂，研究Pb²⁺、Cu²⁺单组分溶液及Pb²⁺-Cu²⁺二元混合体系中SIM对Pb²⁺和Cu²⁺的吸附效果并构建等温吸附模型.结果表明，pH值、SIM添加量、吸附时间对SIM吸附Pb²⁺和Cu²⁺的吸附量影响较大，而吸附温度对吸附效果影响较小；单组分吸附与二元混合体系吸附对比表明，二元混合体系中Pb²⁺和Cu²⁺存在竞争吸附.应用L （Langmuir）和F （Freundlich）等温吸附模型拟合了SIM对Pb²⁺、Cu²⁺单组分金属离子的吸附过程，其中L模型与试验结果拟合度更高；应用Non-modified Langmuir、Modified Langmuir isotherm、Extended Langmuir、Extended Freundlich和SRS模型5种模型对Pb²⁺-Cu²⁺二元混合体系的等温吸附过程进行拟合，其中Extended Langmuir模型与试验结果拟合度最佳.应用红外光谱（FTIR）分析SIM吸附金属离子的原理时发现，SIM上羟基、-NH和不饱和键是金属离子的吸附位点，且SIM对Pb²⁺的吸附能力优于对Cu²⁺的吸附.     

Synergetic effects of anodic-cathodic electrocatalysis for phenol degradation in the presence of iron(II)

A novel electrocatalysis method for phenol degradation was described using a β-PbO₂ anode modified with fluorine resin and a Ni–Cr–Ti alloy cathode. In case of air sparging at the cathodic zone, the techniques of anodic–cathodic electrocatalysis (ACEC) and ferrous ion catalyzed anodic–cathodic electrocatalysis (FACEC) in the presence of iron(II) were developed. Both of ACEC and FACEC were more effective than anodic electrocatalysis (AEC). The percentage of phenol eliminated by FACEC could increase by nearly 30% compared with that of AEC, and the current efficiency could reach to 70%. Important operating factors such as ferrous ion concentration, air-sparging rate and applied current were investigated and it was found that such beneficial effects could be achieved at a suitable current and ratio of the concentration of ferrous ion to the air sparged. The mechanism of phenol degradation is proposed to be the generation of hydroxyl radicals concerned with the two electrodes. Results also indicated that the process provided an efficient way to regenerate ferrous ion compared with the conventional Fenton's system.     

采用泥回流处理彩色显像管含氟废水

本文通过中和、混凝沉降法除氟过程,研究了彩色显像管工业废水除氟的适宜工艺条件。现场试验表明:应用泥回流处理技术,采用高效絮凝剂处理含氟废水,排放废水氟含量可稳定在4-6mg/L之间,低于排放标准（10mg/L）,同时废水处理的成本大大降低。