硫化氢制氢电解槽设计的改进及实验研究

硫化氢间接电解制氢过程中,在电解槽内采用湍流网结构可以有效地改善传质,基本消除扩散传质的影响。当槽压为1．1V,阴阳极流速皆为200L／h,电解温度为40℃的情况下,电解槽可以长时间保持良好性能,电流密度约为160mA／cm^2。     

电解铝生产清洁生产审核

为电解铝生产企业提供清洁生产审核时的参考，结合现阶段我国电解铝行业生产特点及污染成因分析，从工艺改造、节能降耗、物料循环利用等方面，重点讨论了铝电解行业实施清洁生产审核的总体思路及遵循原则。     

Modeling Biodegradation of Nonylphenol

Nonylphenol is the primary breakdown product of nonylphenol ethoxylates, a certain class of nonionic surfactants. Nonylphenol has been found to be toxic to aquatic organisms and has been suspected of being harmful to humans due to its xenoestrogenic properties. Although there are known releases of nonylphenol to the environment, there is a lack of data describing the extent of biodegradation. This study thus focuses on much needed information on the biodegradation kinetics of nonylphenol. Oxygen uptake, cell growth and nonylphenol removal data were collected using batch reactors in an electrolytic respirometer. Nonylphenol removal, cell growth and substrate removal rates were modeled by the Monod, Haldane, Aiba, Webb, and Yano equations. The differential equations were solved by numerical integration to simulate cell growth, substrate removal, and oxygen uptake as a function of time. All models provided similar results with the Haldane model providing the best fit. The values of the kinetic parameters and the activation energy for nonylphenol were determined. These values can be used for predicting fate and transport of nonylphenol in the environment. The validity of applying each model to the biodegradation of nonylphenol was analyzed by computing the R ² values of each equation.     

电解金属锰工艺清洁生产初探

以国内某金属锰龙头企业为例，从工艺流程、设备选型、原材料与能源、尾渣回收、中水回用等方面来分析，提出清洁生产的建议与措施，以期为电解金属锰的工艺改进提供科学的依据，对电解锰行业清洁生产具有指导意义。     

The contribution of mediated oxidation mechanisms in the electrolytic degradation of cyanuric acid using diamond anodes

In this work, the contribution of mediated oxidation mechanisms in the electrolytic degradation of cyanuric acid using boron-doped diamond(BDD) anodes was investigated in different electrolytes. A complete mineralization of cyanuric acid was obtained in Na Cl;however lower degrees of mineralization of 70% and 40% were obtained in Na2SO4 and Na Cl O4, respectively. This can be explained by the nature of the oxidants electrogenerated in each electrolyte. It is clear that the contribution of active chlorine(Cl2, HCl O, Cl O-)electrogenerated from oxidation of chlorides on BDD is much more important in the electrolytic degradation of cyanuric acid than the persulfate and hydroxyl radicals produced by electro-oxidation of sulfate and water on BDD anodes. This could be explained by the high affinity of active chlorine towards nitrogen compounds. No organic intermediates were detected during the electrolytic degradation of cyanuric acid in any the electrolytes, which can be explained by their immediate depletion by hydroxyl radicals produced on the BDD surface. Nitrates and ammonium were the final products of electrolytic degradation of cyanuric acid on BDD anodes in all electrolytes. In addition, small amounts of chloramines were formed in the chloride medium. Low current density(≤ 10 m A/cm2) and neutral medium(p H in the range 6–9) should be used for high efficiency electrolytic degradation and negligible formation of hazardous chlorate and perchlorate.