微生物法脱除大石桥硫铁矿烧渣中硫的研究

考察了不同接种时间、矿浆浓度、氮源、催化剂对烧渣脱硫效果的影响,还考察了铁精矿的脱硫情况.得出结论:在单因素下,前3天脱硫速度快,3～6天脱硫速度缓慢;接种菌的培养时间为72 h,矿浆质量浓度80g/L,氮源硫酸铵1g/L,催化剂硝酸银0.02g/L等条件下脱硫效果较好,此时,处理3天后含硫量能从1.07%降至0.40%,脱硫率62.6%;对铁精矿(含铁65.30%)脱硫,处理4天后,含硫量从1.44%降至0.44%,脱硫率达69.4%,铁精矿满足冶炼要求.     

钢渣吸附-微波降解法处理碱性品红废水

研究了钢渣对碱性品红染料的吸附性能、影响因素以及微波对吸附在钢渣-焦炭上的染料的降解作用。实验表明，在中性条件下，钢渣对碱性品红具有优良的吸附性能，饱和吸附量可达到42．4mg／g。以钢渣处理质量浓度为100mg/L的碱性品红溶液，当固液质量比为1：50、振荡吸附1h后，染料溶液脱色率达97％。实验还表明，焦炭可吸收微波产生高温，用钢渣-焦炭混合物（质量比1：1）吸附染料后，以微波辐照可使物料达到665℃的高温，吸附的染料降解。吸附剂再生后重复使用4次，脱色率都达到95％以上。     

镍渣的重金属浸出特性

在分析镍渣的矿物相组成和重金属元素含量的基础上,鉴定了镍渣样品的浸出毒性,并考察了pH、液固比和浸出时间等条件对镍渣样中铬、铅、铜和锌等重金属浸出特性的影响。结果表明,镍渣中的重金属总量约为渣样的0.9%,且铬、铜和锌的含量较高,需进行安全管理。实验所用镍渣样品为第Ⅰ类一般工业固体废物。在强酸条件下镍渣中重金属浸出浓度较大,pH3后浸出浓度显著降低;液固比40 L/kg时,镍渣中重金属不断溶出,液固比40 L/kg后,浸出达到饱和,浸出浓度趋于平衡;随着浸出时间的增加,重金属离子的浸出浓度先增加后减少,但由于各重金属性质不同,各重金属达到最大浸出浓度的时间不同。     

Steel slags in a landfill top cover – Experiences from a full-scale experiment

A full scale field study has been carried out in order to test and evaluate the use of slags from high-alloy steel production as the construction materials for a final cover of an old municipal landfill. Five test areas were built using different slag mixtures within the barrier layer (liner). The cover consisted of a foundation layer, a liner with a thickness of 0.7 m, a drainage layer of 0.3 m, a protection layer of 1.5 m and a vegetation layer of 0.25 m. The infiltration varied depending on the cover design used, mainly the liner recipe but also over time and was related to seasons and precipitation intensity. The test areas with liners composed of 50% electric arc furnace (EAF) slag and 50% cementitious ladle slag (LS) on a weight basis and with a proper consistence of the protection layer were found to meet the Swedish infiltration criteria of ?50 l (m² a)^?1 for final covers for landfills for non-hazardous waste: the cumulative infiltration rates to date were 44, 19 and 0.4 l (m² a)^?1 for A1, A4 and A5, respectively. Compared to the precipitation, the portion of leachate was always lower after the summer despite high precipitation from June to August. The main reason for this is evapotranspiration but also the fact that the time delay in the leachate formation following a precipitation event has a stronger effect during the shorter summer sampling periods than the long winter periods. Conventional techniques and equipment can be used but close cooperation between all involved partners is crucial in order to achieve the required performance of the cover. This includes planning, method and equipment testing and quality assurance.     

PLC控制系统在钢渣热焖工艺中的应用

利用PLC控制系统,实现在钢渣热焖工艺中的恒压供水和钢渣热焖定时定量喷水的自动控制要求,具有国际先进水平,取得了良好的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益.     

碱性高炉矿渣制备多孔混凝土掺合料及其净化酸性水的试验研究

碱性高炉矿渣和多孔混凝土都有良好的净水性能,将碱性高炉矿渣作为掺合料制成掺高炉矿渣多孔混凝土(BSPC),对其处理模拟酸性水的效果进行研究。结果表明:经BSPC处理后,进水p H由2~3变成8.5~9.1。与普通多孔混凝土相比,添加高炉矿渣的混凝土对酸性水浊度、CODcr、TP和Cd的平均去除率依次提高了6.2%,8.8%,5.2%和4.5%,分别达到74.3%,74.5%,91.7%和86.5%。同时,BSPC孔隙率在处理酸性水前后有所下降,下降幅度较小,为6.2%,不影响BSPC对酸性水的处理。实验最后对混凝土表面白色絮状物进行了红外和XRD表征,初步分析其中含有CaCO_3、SiO_2和水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)等无机物,初步判定来源于BSPC的溶出物。     

钢渣湿法捕获CO_2反应机制研究

以炼钢过程中排放的固体废弃物钢渣为碳捕获剂,进行了钢渣湿法捕获烟气CO2工艺的实验研究。通过分析钢渣的组成成份及反应机理,研究液固比、反应温度、反应时间、pH值及反应产物等主要参数对钢渣湿法碳捕获状况的影响。实验证明,通过合理的设计和适当的操作,可使钢渣湿法碳捕获效率达60%以上,具有一定的应用价值。     

刮油刮渣机的结构设计与应用选择

介绍了刮油刮渣机的工作原理和基本结构组成及应用结构方式,并从工艺环境及应用选择的性价比方面,提出实际工作时选择刮油刮渣机的注意事项,达到设备的最大合理化应用。     

潜流人工湿地去除大庆地区湖泊水体中石油类化合物的研究

针对大庆地区石油类化合物污染湖泊水质特点和气候条件,采用包含砾石床、砾石芦苇床、炉渣芦苇床和炉渣床单元的现场试验系统,考察启动期、投加微生物、投加缓释碳源、水温低于5℃和常规运行期等工况下各单元对石油类化合物的去除效果及其去除机理.在整个试验期内4个单元石油类化合物的平均去除率分别为24.7％、28.4％、45.9％和42.9％;投加微生物和缓释碳源都可提高石油类化合物污染物的去除效果;以炉渣为填料的单元污染物去除效果显著优于以砾石为填料的单元.2005年常规运行期间,湿地床和对照床石油类化合物去除率存在显著性差异（p<0.05）,植物对石油类化合物的去除起到显著的促进作用.系统运行期内通过截留去除的石油类化合物占总去除量70％左右,各单元该比例没有显著性差异（p<0.05）.     

Antimony smelting process generating solid wastes and dust：Characterization and leaching behaviors

A large amount of solid waste has been produced by the antimony smelting process in the＂World Capital of Antimony＂, Xikuangshan area in China. This study comprehensively investigated the physical and chemical characteristics of the various solid wastes, as well as the leaching behavior of the solid wastes, which included water-quenched slag,arsenic-alkali residue, desulfurized slag and blast furnace dust. These four types of waste were enriched in a variety of heavy metals and metalloids and more specifically with As and Sb levels up to 8.6 × 104 and 3.16 × 105mg/kg, respectively, in arsenic-alkali residue. For desulfurized slag and water-quenched slag, the leaching concentration of Sb significantly exceeded the acceptable limits during the leaching tests using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure and the synthetic precipitation leaching procedure. In addition, As leaching in arsenic-alkali residue was extraordinarily hazardous, being three orders of magnitude higher than the regulatory level of As. According to the results of the extraction tests, all the tested wastes were classified as hazardous waste.