顺层边坡岩体结构稳定性分析

顺层边坡的失稳问题一直是工程地质学和岩石力学领域内极为瞩目和急待解决的问题之一。本文根据顺层边坡的地质背景及力学作用机制,抽象出了顺层边坡溃屈破坏的力学模型。利用板柱弹性稳定性理论,结合结构力学的知识,推导出了相应的计算公式。实例分析表明,利用文中的理论方法,并结合工程现场有效的量测手段,可方便、有效的判定顺层边坡的稳定性。     

Dissimilatory reduction of Fe~III (EDTA) with microorganisms in the system of nitric oxide removal from the flue gas by metal chelate absorption

IntroductionThecombustionoffossilfuelsgeneratesSO2 andNOxpollutantswhichcauseairpollutionandacidrain .Existingfluegasdesulfurization(FGD)scrubbersinvolvelimestoneprocesses,whichareefficientforcontrollingSO2 emission ,butareincapableofremovingalmostwater i…     

公路环境地理信息系统(HEGIS)研究与开发初探

在对公路环境地理信息系统 (HEGIS)进行系统需求分析的基础上 ,描述了利用地理信息系统 (GIS)建立HEGIS的可行性及其研究的主要内容、目的、意义及国内外发展趋势 ,初步探讨HEGIS在环境管理与决策等方面的应用功能研究及其开发技术路线。     

Phytoremediation and its models for organic contaminated soils

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＳｏｉｌｓａｒｅａｓｉｎｋｆｏｒｏｒｇａｎｉｃｐｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔｓｏｆｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｆｏｒｈｕｍａｎａｎｄｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｈｅａｌｔｈａｎｄｓｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｉｌｉｔｙ .Ｓｏｍｅｏｒｇａｎｉｃｐｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔｓａｒｒｉｖｉｎｇｉｎｓｏｉｌｓｃａｎｂｅｒａｐｉｄｌｙｄｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｅｄ ,ｗｈｉｌｓｔｇｒｅａｔａｍｏｕｎｔｏｆｏｒｇａｎｉｃｐｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔｓｓｕｃｈａｓｐｅｒｓｉｓｔｅｎｔｏｒｇａｎｉｃｐｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔｓ (ＰＯＰｓ)ｍａｙｐｅｒｓｉｓｔｉｎｓｏ…     

Assessment of China''''s economic loss resulting from the degradation of agricultural land in the end of 20th century

IntroductionUnderanintegratedactionofhumaneconomicactivitiesandsomeadversenaturalfactors,farmlanddegradationisadynamicprocessthatcanleadtoanunbalancingofecologicalsystems,worseningofsoilquality ,adeclineinsoilrenewablecapacity ,andaweakeningofsoilcarryingcapacity.Usually ,thedegradationofagriculturallandincludesadiminishingofvegetation ,soildeterioration ,andnaturaleco environmentaldegradation .Farmlanddeteriora tionhasatwofoldmeaning :qualityandquantity .Allofthephenomenaandprocessesbroughtab…     

Characterization of metal doped-titanium dioxide and behaviors on photocatalytic oxidation of nitrogen oxides

A series of nanosized ion-doped TiO_2 catalysts with different ion content(between 0.1 at.% and 1.0 at.%) have been prepared by wet impregnation method and investigated with respect to their behavior for UV photocatalytic oxidation of nitric oxide.The catalytic activity was correlated with structural,electronic and surface examinations of the catalysts using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD),ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)absorption spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),energy disperse spectrometer (EDS)and high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) techniques.An enhancement of the photocatalytic activity was observed for Zn~(2 ) doping catalyst ranged from 0.1 at.% to 1.0 at.% which was attributed to the lengthened lifetime of electrons and holes.The improvement in photocatalytic activity could be also observed with the low doping concentration of Cr~(3 )(0.1 at.%). However,the doping of Fe~(3 ),Mo~(6 ),Mn~(2 ) and the high doping concentration of Cr~(3 ) had no contribution to photocatalytic activity of nitric oxide.     

试论高等级公路的环境经济分析与实践

简要分析了公路工程环境经济分析的必要性,应用层次分析法(AHP)筛选出公路工程环境经济分析指标体系;应用环境经济学的方法初步探讨了公路工程建设的环境经济损失的价值评估方法和数学模型,以便在定量化评价中作指导和参考.     

热水解预处理改善污泥脱水性能的实验研究

采用脱水污泥为材料,从热水解的原理出发,研究了不同的水热时间、温度、加碱量对污泥脱水性能的影响,并用Zeta电位、SEM、UV-Vis对污泥进行表征。实验结果表明,含水率85%的污泥,在120℃条件下热水解30 min,污泥的离心干基含水率从4.09降到了3.85;当投加碱(m(CaX_2)/m(VS)=0.08)时,污泥的离心干基含水率下降明显,在160℃条件下热水解40 min,污泥离心干基含水率下降幅度达到9.4%和7.9%。     

大港油田土壤中PAHs的组成特征及来源分析

采集天津大港油田8个表层土壤样品,采用气相色谱-质谱联用检测16种环境优先控制多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量,分析其组成特征和污染水平,运用环数比值法、特征比值法和主成分析法探讨其污染来源,并初步评价了风险水平。结果表明,16种PAHs在大港油田土壤中均有不同程度的检出。PAHs总量介于2 636.2~11 759.6 ng/g之间,根据Maliszewska-Kordybach出的总量标准,属于重度污染。综合3种源解析方法,推断天津大港油田土壤PAHs主要来自石油污染,其次化石燃料燃烧对PAHs含量也有较大影响。风险评估表明,大港油田点源污染土壤超过了加拿大土壤环境质量标准中的安全限值,具有潜在的生态风险。     

水热法制备纳米TiO_2处理垃圾渗滤液的实验研究

以钛酸四正丁酯为原料,采用水热法制备纳米TiO_2材料,经过高温煅烧后,对其降解垃圾渗滤液的催化活性进行测定,并用XRD,TEM和UV-Vis对其晶体结构进行表征。实验结果表明,水醇比、水热温度和酯加入量对TiO_2催化效率有显著的影响,当水醇比为1∶3、煅烧温度500℃、水热时间4 h、Ti(OC_4H_9)_4加入量为10 m L条件下制备的TiO_2粉末光催化活性最好,对垃圾渗滤液的降解在180 min时均可以达到73%,COD的去除率可达76.92%。