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101.
Rumi Chan Eiko Obuchi Katsumi Katoh Hom Nath Luitel Katsuyuki Nakano 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(7):1419-1423
TiO2 immobilized on SiO2 (TiO2/SiO2) have been prepared by sol-gel method and various ions of transition metals (Cr3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) were doped on the photocatalyst using wet impregnation method under reducing calcination atmosphere. The photocatalytic activity of metal doped TiO2/SiO2 towards phenol degradation under black light irradiation were investigated and compared with undoped TiO2/SiO2. The results showed that the photoresponse of Cu2+ and Zn2+ doped TiO2/SiO2 were larger than undoped TiO2/SiO2, indicating that the photogenerated carriers were separated more efficiently in Cu2+ and Zn2+ doped TiO2/SiO2. The reactivity was in the order of Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Ni2+ > Cr3+ > Co2+. The different photoreactivity was ascribed to combine effect of the different ionic radii and photocorrison tendency of the dopants. The sample was also characterized by surface analytical methods such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron micrograph/electron dispersive X-ray analyzer and UV-Vis absorption spectrum. 相似文献
102.
不同Fe(Ⅲ)对活性污泥异化铁还原及除磷影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以SBBR反应器活性污泥作为铁还原菌菌种来源,采用兼性厌氧/严格厌氧恒温培养试验,投加不同Fe(Ⅲ)考察各条件下的异化铁还原能力同时比较对磷的去除效果.结果表明:2种条件下Fe(Ⅲ)还原能力具有较好的一致性,依次为:Fe(OH)3>氧化铁皮>青矿>红矿,其中严格厌氧条件下较好.同时,除磷效果与其呈正相关,富集培养至7d,Fe(OH)3及氧化铁皮体系出水磷浓度均达到2mg/L以下,之后继续降低,最终达到0.5mg/L以下.结合异化铁还原除磷机理,可以证明,不同Fe(Ⅲ)表面吸附作用对TP的去除贡献较小,其主要作用为铁还原菌驱动下的化学沉淀去除. 相似文献
103.
104.
Fe203 particle catalysts were experimentally studied in the low temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH3. The effects of reaction temperature, oxygen concentration, [NH3]/[NO] molar ratio and residence time on SCR activity were studied. It was found that Fe203 catalysts had high activity for the SCR of NO with NH3 in a broad temperature range of 150-270℃, and more than 95% NO conversion was obtained at 180℃ when the molar ratio [NH3]/[NO] = 1, the residence time was 0.48 seconds and 02 volume fraction was 3%. In addition, the effect of SO2 on SCR catalytic activity was also investigated at the temperature of 180℃. The results showed that deactivation of the Fe2O3 particles occurred due to the presence of SO2 and the NO conversion decreased from 99.2% to 58% in 240 min, since SO2 gradually decreased the catalytic activity of the catalysts. In addition, X-ray diffraction, Thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the fresh and deactivated Fe2O3 catalysts. The results showed that the deactivation caused by SO2 was due to the formation of metal sulfates and ammonium sulfates on the catalyst surface during the de-NO reaction, which could cause pore plugging and result in suppression of the catalytic activity. 相似文献
105.
Effects of physical and chemical characteristics of surface sediments in the formation of shallow lake algae-induced black bloom 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Qiushi Shen Cheng Liu Qilin Zhou Jingge Shang Lei Zhang ChengXin Fan 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(12):2353-2360
Surface sediments are closely related to lake black blooms. The dissolved oxygen (DO) distribution and its penetration depth in surface sediments as well as the migration and transformation of redox sensitive elements such as Fe and S at the sediment-water interface are important factors that could influence the formation of the black bloom. In this study, dredged and undredged sediment cores with different surface properties were used to simulate black blooms in the laboratory. The Micro Profiling System was employed to explore features of the DO and ∑H2S distribution at the sediment-water interface. Physical and chemical characteristics in sediments and pore waters were also analyzed. The results showed that sediment dredging effectively suppressed the black blooms. In the undredged treatment, DO penetration depth was only 50 μm. Fe^2+ concentrations, ∑H2S concentrations, and ∑H2S production rates were remarkably higher in surface sediments and pore waters compared to control and dredged treatments. Furthermore, depletion of DO and accumulation of Fe^2+ and ∑H2S in surface sediments and pore waters provided favorable redox environments and necessary material sources for the blooms. The study results proved that physical and chemical characteristics in surface sediments are important factors in the formation of the black bloom, and could provide scientific guidance for emergency treatment and long-term pre-control of black blooms. 相似文献
106.
Electrochemical and spectroscopic characteristics of dissolved organic matter in a forest soil profile 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) represents one of the most mobile and reactive organic compounds in ecosystem and plays an important role in the fate and transport of soil organic pollutants, nutrient cycling and more importantly global climate change. Electrochemical methods were first employed to evaluate DOM redox properties, and spectroscopic approaches were utilized to obtain information concerning its composition and structure. DOM was extracted from a forest soil profile with five horizons. Differential pulse voltammetry indicated that there were more redox-active moieties in the DOM from upper horizons than in that from lower horizons. Cyclic voltammetry further showed that these moieties were reversible in electron transfer. Chronoamperometry was employed to quantify the electron transfer capacity of DOM, including electron acceptor capacity and electron donor capacity, both of which decreased sharply with increasing depth. FT-IR, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra results suggested that DOM from the upper horizons was enriched with aromatic and humic structures while that from the lower horizons was rich in aliphatic carbon, which supported the findings obtained by electrochemical approaches. Electrochemical approaches combined with spectroscopic methods were applied to evaluate the characteristics of DOM extracted along a forest soil profile. The electrochemical properties of DOM, which can be rapidly and simply obtained, provide insight into the migration and transformation of DOM along a soil profile and will aid in better understanding of the biogeochemical role of DOM in natural environments. 相似文献
107.
以重铬酸钾为供试物,用固体平板法和还原实验对铬(Ⅵ)土著还原菌进行筛选,用载片培养法、革兰氏染色法、鞭毛染色法、芽孢染色法对还原菌做初步的鉴定,共筛选出16株铬(Ⅵ)土著还原菌,并挑选出还原率相对较高的Z2(35.2%)、Z3(45.2%)、Z4(38.6%)、X8(30.4%)、X10(29.4%)作为铬(Ⅵ)的优势还原菌株。经初步鉴定,土著真菌Z2为黑曲霉(Aspergillusniger),Z3、Z4为镰刀菌属(Fusariumsp.),土著细菌X8、X10为芽孢杆菌(Bacillussp.)。实验的方法和成果将为铬(Ⅵ)污染土壤微生物治理技术的推广应用提供技术支持。 相似文献
108.
109.
含重金属硫酸盐废水是我国工业水污染的突出问题,利用硫酸盐还原菌的生物去除重金属的方法具有投资少、成本低、能耗少、去除率高,没有二次污染等优点而成为研究的热点。文章以混合培混养物作为接种污泥,考察不同浓度的重金属离子(Cu2+、Cd2+、Ni2+、Hg2+)对硫酸盐还原菌(Sulfate reducing bacteria,SRB)的抑制作用。研究表明:10 mg/L的Cu2+、Cd2+和20 mg/L的Hg2+对SRB还原硫酸盐的影响较小,硫酸盐最大去除率可分别达到94.1%、94.6%、91.3%,与空白(93.9%)相近;20 mg/L的Cu2+对SRB的抑制最为强烈,硫酸盐最大还原率仅为48.2%,剩余金属离子(Cd2+、Ni2+、Hg2+)都分别随着浓度的增大而对SRB的抑制作用增强;相同浓度的重金属离子对SRB的抑制顺序为Ni2+>Cu2+>Cd2+>Hg2+,抑制浓度分别为10、20、30、60 mg/L。最后阐述了各个反应器中硫酸盐还原率最大时,(WCOD/WSO42-)与硫酸盐还原率的关系。 相似文献
110.