火焰原子吸收法测定水中的总铬

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水中总铬,乙炔流量100L/h、燃烧头高度为9mm、狭缝宽度0.2 nm时,灵敏度和重现性最好.1 mg/L铬溶液中盐酸含量5％、氯化铵含量0.5％时,吸光度较高,相对标准偏差最低.该方法操作简便,灵敏度好,精确度和准确度高,便于推广,适合水中总铬的测定.     

上海华中药业 氨氮排放大户实行清洁生产

目前,我国制药行业存在能耗大、污染重、资源浪费、结构不合理等问题。 2010年2月,环境保护部发布的全国污染源普查公报显示,制药工业占全国工业总产值的1．7％,而污水排放量却占到2％。     

生物炭添加和灌溉对温室番茄地土壤反硝化损失的影响

生物炭添加和灌溉是番茄地常用的田间管理措施,然而其对反硝化的影响还不清楚.本研究种植试验设置3个灌溉量水平分别为估算作物生育期需水量ET0的50%(W50%)、75%(W75%)、100%(W100%)和3个生物炭添加水平分别为B0(折合纯碳,0)、B25(折合纯碳,25 t·hm-2)、B50(折合纯碳,50 t·hm-2),在2014年和2015年番茄收获后,每个试验小区采集具有代表性的土样进行室内培养试验,采用乙炔抑制法来研究土壤的反硝化损失和不加乙炔研究N_2O的排放量.结果表明生物炭和灌溉量显著改变了土壤的理化性质.与B0相比,添加生物炭能够提高土壤全碳、全氮含量和pH值,降低铵态氮、硝态氮含量,而灌水量降低了土壤中全氮和全碳的含量.因此,与B0/W50%相比,B25/W75%和B50/W100%处理显著减少了反硝化损失量(P0.05).生物炭和灌溉量的交互作用对土壤无机氮含量和反硝化损失的影响均达到显著水平(P0.05),且对硝态氮的影响表现为灌溉量生物炭添加量两者交互作用,对铵态氮的影响表现为生物炭添加量灌溉量两者交互作用,对反硝化损失的影响表现为灌溉量生物炭添加量两者交互作用.反硝化损失量与土壤中无机氮含量、(CO_2-C)矿化量与N_2O排放量均呈正相关关系.不同生物炭添加量和灌溉量处理后明显影响了N_2O/DN(P0.05),培养结束时,各处理下的N_2O累积排放量/DN累积排放量差异较大,介于0.31%~1.88%.     

《中国环境科学》获评“2012中国最具国际影响力学术期刊”

正2012年12月,《中国环境科学》被评为"2012中国最具国际影响力学术期刊"."中国最具国际影响力学术期刊"是中国科学文献计量研究中心、清华大学图书馆依据《CAJ国际引证报告》,按2011年度中国学术期刊被SCI期刊、SSCI期刊引用的总被引频次排序并经40多位期刊界专家审议,遴选出的TOP5%期刊.获评"中国最具国际影响力学术期刊"的科技类期刊共156种.统计分析结果表明,从定量分析的角度     

《中国环境科学》获评“百种中国杰出学术期刊”

正《中国环境科学》2012年被中国科学技术信息研究所评为"2011年度百种中国杰出学术期刊"."百种中国杰出学术期刊"是根据中国科技学术期刊综合评价指标体系进行评定的,包含总被引频次、影响因子、基金论文比、他引总引比等多个文献计量学指标.     

科学家研究发现:砍伐砂土植被或对气候威胁更大

正美国耶鲁大学等机构科学家的一项新研究发现,相比于其他土壤,砍伐砂土上生长的森林将更容易加剧全球气候变暖.土壤中的微生物能调节二氧化碳向外部的释放.砍伐森林会对土壤微生物的多样性造成破坏,这将降低土壤对二氧化碳的控制力,导致更多二氧化碳排放,并最终加剧全球气候变暖.研究人员对比了从美国11个地区采集的土壤后发现,不同质地土壤上的森林被砍伐后,土壤中微生物群落多样     

《中国环境科学》获评“2012中国最具国际影响力学术期刊”

正2012年12月,《中国环境科学》被评为"2012中国最具国际影响力学术期刊"."中国最具国际影响力学术期刊"是中国科学文献计量研究中心、清华大学图书馆依据《CAJ国际引证报告》,按2011年度中国学术期刊被SCI期刊、SSCI期刊引用的总被引频次排序并经40多位期刊界专家审议,遴选出的TOP5%期刊.获评"中国最具国际影响力学术期刊"的科技类期刊共156种.统计分析结果表明,从定量分析的角度     

Unregulated emissions from diesel engine with particulate filter using Fe-based fuel borne catalyst

The alteration and formation of toxic compounds and potential changes in the toxicity of emissions when using after-treatment technologies have gained wide attention. Volatile organic compound（VOC）, carbonyl compound and particle-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon（PAH） emissions were tested at European Steady State Cycle（ESC） to study unregulated emissions from a diesel engine with a fuel-borne catalyst and diesel particulate filter（FBC–DPF）. An Fe-based fuel-borne catalyst was used for this study. According to the results, brake specific emissions of total VOCs without and with DPF were 4.7 and4.9 mg/kWh, respectively, showing a 4.3% increase. Benzene and n-undecane emissions increased and toluene emission decreased, while other individual VOC emissions basically had no change. When retrofitted with the FBC–DPF, total carbonyl compound emission decreased 15.7%, from 25.8 to 21.8 mg/kWh. The two highest carbonyls, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, were reduced from 20.0 and 3.7 to 16.5 and 3.3 mg/kWh respectively. The specific reactivity（SR） with DPF was reduced from 6.68 to 6.64 mg/kWh. Total particle-phase PAH emissions decreased 66.4% with DPF compared to that without DPF. However, the Benzo[a]pyrene equivalent（BaPeq） with DPF had increased from 0.016 to 0.030 mg/kWh.Fluoranthene and Pyrene had the greatest decrease, 91.1% and 88.4% respectively. The increase of two- and three-ring PAHs with DPF indicates that the fuel-borne catalyst caused some gas-phase PAHs to adsorb on particles. The results of this study expand the knowledge of the effects of using a particulate filter and a Fe-based fuel-borne catalyst on diesel engine unregulated emissions.     

Origin of major ions in monthly rainfall events at the Bamenda Highlands, North West Cameroon

Rainwater characteristics can reveal emissions from various anthropogenic and natural sources into the atmosphere. The physico-chemical characteristics of 44 monthly rainfall events （collected between January and December 2012） from 4 weather stations （Bamenda, Ndop plain, Ndawara and Kumbo） in the Bamenda Highlands （BH） were investigated. The purpose was to determine the sources of chemical species, their seasonal inputs and suitability of the rainwater for drinking. The mean pH of 5 indicated the slightly acidic nature of the rainwater. Average total dissolved solids （TDS） were low （6.7 mg/L）, characteristic of unpolluted atmospheric moisture/air. Major ion concentrations （mg/L） were low and in the order K＋ 〉 Ca2＋ 〉 Mg2~ 〉 Na＋ for cations and NO3 〉〉 HCO3 〉 SO] 〉 CI- 〉 PO3- 〉 F- for anions. The average rainwater in the area was mixed Ca-Mg-SO4-CI water type. The CI-/Na＋ ratio （1.04） was comparable to that of seawater （1.16）, an indication that N a＋ and CI originated mainly from marine （Atlantic Ocean） aerosols. High enrichments of Ca2＋, Mg2＋ and SO2- to Na＋ ratios relative to seawater ratios （constituting 44% of the total ions） demonstrated their terrigenous origin, mainly from Saharan and Sahelian arid dusts. The K＋/Na＋ ratio （2.24）, which was similar to tropical vegetation ash （2.38）, and NO3 was essentially from biomass burning. Light （〈 100 mm） pre-monsoon and post-monsoon convective rains were enriched in major ions than the heavy （〉 100 mm） monsoon rains, indicating a high contribution of major ions during the low convective showers. Despite the acidic nature, the TDS and major ion concentrations classified the rainwater as potable based on the WHO guidelines.     

Two-step accelerated mineral carbonation and decomposition analysis for the reduction of CO2 emission in the eco-industrial parks

Carbon dioxide（CO2） emissions are a leading contributor to the negative effects of global warming. Globally, research has focused on effective means of reducing and mitigating CO2 emissions. In this study, we examined the efficacy of eco-industrial parks（EIPs） and accelerated mineral carbonation techniques in reducing CO2 emissions in South Korea.First, we used Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index（LMDI） analysis to determine the trends in carbon production and mitigation at the existing EIPs. We found that, although CO2 was generated as byproducts and wastes of production at these EIPs, improved energy intensity effects occurred at all EIPs, and we strongly believe that EIPs are a strong alternative to traditional industrial complexes for reducing net carbon emissions. We also examined the optimal conditions for using accelerated mineral carbonation to dispose of hazardous fly ash produced through the incineration of municipal solid wastes at these EIPs. We determined that this technique most efficiently sequestered CO2 when micro-bubbling, low flow rate inlet gas, and ammonia additives were employed.