Adsorption thermodynamics and kinetic investigation of aromatic amphoteric compounds onto different polymeric adsorbents

The adsorption behavior of p-aminobenzoic acid and o-aminobenzoic acid onto the different polymeric adsorbents was systematically investigated as a function of the solution concentration and temperature.Experimental results indicated that the equilibrium adsorption data of the four polymeric adsorbents fitted well in the Freundlich isotherm.The adsorption capacity of multi-functional polymeric adsorbent NJ-99 was the highest,which might be attributed to the strong hydrogen-bonding interaction between the amino groups on the resin and the carboxyl group of aminobenzoic acid.The adsorption capacity of o-aminobenzoic acid onto any adsorbent was higher than p-aminobenzoic acid.Thermodynamic studies suggested the exothermic,spontaneous physical adsorption process.Adsorption kinetics results showed that the adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model and the intraparticle mass transfer process was the rate-controlling step.     

Thermodynamics and kinetics of cadmium adsorption onto oxidized granular activated carbon

Cadmium sorption behavior of granular activated carbon oxidized with nitric acid was systematically studied by sets of the equilibrium and time-based experiments under various conditions.The cadmium adsorption capacity of oxidized granular activated carbon enlarged with an increase in pH,and reduced with an increase in ionic strength.Experimental data were evaluated to find out kinetic characteristics.Adsorption processes were found to follow pseudo-second order rate equation.Adsorption isotherms correlate well with the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity of cadmium evaluated is 51.02μmol/g.Thermodynamic parameters were calculated based on Van't Hoff equation.Equilibrium constant Kd was evaluated from Freundlich isotherm model constants,Langmnir isotherm model constants,and isotherms,respectively.The average change of standard adsorption heatΔH~0 was -25.29 kJ/mol.NegativeΔH~0 andΔG~0 values indicate the adsorption process for cadmium onto the studied activated carbon is exothermic and spontaneous.The standard entropyΔS~0 was also negative,which suggests a decrease in the freedom of the system.     

活性炭纤维电极电还原产H2O2的实验研究

利用活性炭纤维作为阴极,比较了活性炭纤维电极和石墨板电极产H2O2的浓度,并对影响活性炭纤维电极产H2O2的因素(pH、电流密度和电解质浓度)进行了研究.研究发现,活性炭纤维电极电还原产生H2O2的浓度远大于石墨板电极.当实验在pH=3.00、电流密度8.89 mA/cm2和电解质(Na2SO4)浓度0.05 moL/...     

铁氧化物改性黏土对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能研究

利用铁氧化物对黏土进行了包覆改性,采用静态吸附法对该改性黏土吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的特性进行了研究,并考虑了反应时间、pH、浓度、温度对吸附的影响。实验结果表明,整个吸附过程基本在3h内完成;改性黏土对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附量随溶液初始pH的增大而明显减小;随着溶液初始浓度和温度的增大而增大。同时,在初始pH为3.0的条件下,研究了改性黏土吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的动力学和热力学特性,结果表明,改性黏土对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附能较好地符合准二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温式。由Langmuir等温式得出,在293K、初始pH为3.0条件下的单层饱和吸附量为12.91 mg•g-1。确定了改性黏土吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的热力学参数,表明该吸附过程是一个吸热的自发过程。与原土的对比实验表明,改性黏土对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附能力大大增强。     

非均相催化臭氧处理高浓度制药废水的研究

非均相催化臭氧是一种对高浓度制药废水进行预处理的有效方法.本研究采用单一活性炭吸附、单一臭氧氧化和臭氧/活性炭联用3种体系对实际制药废水进行预处理,并对处理过程中的工艺参数进行优化.结果表明,相比单一活性炭吸附和单一臭氧降解体系,臭氧/活性炭联用体系能显著提高COD、TOC的去除率及BOD5/COD值,并显示出良好的协...     

Mg/Al双金属氧化物对As(V)吸附性能的研究

研究了以镁铝水滑石为原料制备的Mg/Al双金属氧化物对溶液中As(V)的吸附作用及其影响因素.结果表明：Mg/Al双金属氧化物对As(V)具有较强的吸附能力,吸附规律符合Langmuir等温吸附方程,根据计算所得的理论最大吸附量为51.02 mg·g-1,与实验得出的最大吸附量50.53 mg·g-1基本一致;运用3种...     

潮汐流人工湿地低温下 NH4+ -N去除模型的比较和优化

针对目前人工湿地在低温条件下脱氮效能降低的问题,本研究对每天3个运行周期的潮汐流人工湿地在低温条件下对NH4+ -N的处理效能进行研究,同时利用表观动力学模型、多元参数回归模型及Monod机制模型对NH4+-N的去除过程进行拟合.结果显示,在平均水温为9～13℃条件下,每天3个运行周期的潮汐流人工湿地对NH4+-N有良...     

Tween20对DDT在胶州湾沉积物上吸附行为的影响

研究了非离子表面活性剂失水山梨醇聚氧乙烯（20）醚月桂酸酯（Tween20）对二氯二苯基三氯乙烷（滴滴涕,DDT）在海洋沉积物上吸附动力学和热力学行为的影响.在实验浓度范围内,Tween20的加入能够加快DDT在沉积物上的吸附速率,吸附符合伪二级吸附速率方程,吸附等温线符合Freundlich等温式,吸附作用随着Twe...     

电沉积法处理电解锌漂洗废水的动力学研究

采用电沉积法处理电解锌漂洗工艺废水,以回收废水中的重金属资源。在不同实验条件下对电沉积反应过程中电沉积反应速率及其影响因素进行了研究,结果表明,电沉积回收重金属锌符合准一级动力学规律,当V=6 V时,速率常数k=0.0214。最佳实验条件为:槽电压V=6 V、电解时间为45~60 min、pH为2.5~3.5,反应过程中应充分搅拌。利用电沉积法处理电解锌漂洗废水,将重金属Zn2+还原为单质锌,处理废水的同时实现重金属资源的回收,在工业中有较好的应用前景。     

A~2/O工艺厌氧池有机物降解动力学模型对比研究

试验考察了东阿县污水处理厂一期A2/O工艺厌氧池去除有机污染物效能,当进水ρ(COD)为548.3 mg/L时,厌氧池平均去除率达78.7%。同时探讨了几种常见数学模型模拟厌氧池去除有机物规律情况,根据实际工程监测数据确定有机底物降解动力学常数,得出Grau模型、Stover-kincannon模型和改进的Monod模型较适合模拟厌氧池去除有机物的规律,并对模型进行了检验。