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21.
It is now acknowledged that bacteria from gut microbiota deeply interact with their host by altering many physiological traits. Such interplay is likely to consequently affect stress tolerance. Here, we compared cold and heat tolerance of Drosophila melanogaster flies with undisrupted (control (Co)) versus disrupted gut microbiota (dechorionated eggs (De)). The disrupting treatment strongly reduced bacterial load in flies’ guts, though 16S sequencing analysis did not evidence strong diversity changes in the remaining bacterial community. Both chill coma recovery and acute cold survival were repeatedly lower in De than in Co flies under our experimental conditions. However, heat tolerance was not consistently affected by gut disruption. Our results suggest that microbiota-related effects on the host can alter ecologically relevant traits such as thermal tolerance. 相似文献
22.
Gauquelin Thierry Michon Geneviève Joffre Richard Duponnois Robin Génin Didier Fady Bruno Bou Dagher-Kharrat Magda Derridj Arezki Slimani Said Badri Wadi Alifriqui Mohamed Auclair Laurent Simenel Romain Aderghal Mohamed Baudoin Ezekiel Galiana Antoine Prin Yves Sanguin Hervé Fernandez Catherine Baldy Virginie 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(3):623-636
Regional Environmental Change - Mediterranean forests are found in the Mediterranean basin, California, the South African Cape Province, South and southwestern Australia and parts of Central Chile.... 相似文献
23.
Neda Boyouk Jean-François Léon Hervé Delbarre T. Podvin C. Deroo 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(2):271-277
The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between columnar aerosol optical thickness and ground-level aerosol mass. A set of Sun photometer, elastic backscattering lidar and TEOM measurements were acquired during April 2007 in Lille, France. The PM2.5 in the mixed boundary layer is estimated using the lidar signal, aerosol optical thickness, or columnar integrated Sun photometer size distribution and compared to the ground-level station measurements. The lidar signal recorded in the lowest level (240 m) is well correlated to the PM2.5 (R2 = 0.84). We also show that the correlation between AOT-derived and measured PM2.5 is significantly improved when considering the mixed boundary layer height derived from the lidar. The use of the Sun photometer aerosol fine fraction volume does not improve the correlation. 相似文献
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Verriele M Plaisance H Depelchin L Benchabane S Locoge N Meunier G 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2012,14(2):402-408
An Ion Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (IC-MS) method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of 14 volatile amines in air. The method includes collection of compounds into two midget impingers in a row filled with 15 ml of ultrapure water. The analytical performances with mass spectrometry detection were compared to those obtained with classical conductivity detection. The use of mass spectrometry detection (in SIM mode) overcomes most of the coelutions encountered with conductivity detection. Although the linearity domain of calibrations is reduced for the MS detection as compared with the CD detection, the detection limits in MS detection are highly lowered allowing the quantification of amines at the levels of μg m(-3) in air with a good accuracy for most compounds (RSD of less than 10%). This method was successfully applied to the analysis of amines released from polyurethane foams. Seven amines were identified and some in high concentrations, like dimethylaminoethanol, NIAX and TEDA. 相似文献
27.
Jean-Philippe Boussemart Hervé Leleu Oluwaseun Ojo 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2013,18(5):523-532
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the spread of pesticide practices with respect to crop production (wheat, barley, and rapeseed) in French agriculture and to evaluate the potential pesticide reductions for cost-efficient farmers. This is made possible by conducting a double-step analysis based on non-parametric robust technology. First, from a panel data of 650 farms over a 12-year period located in the French department of Meuse, we selected the cost-efficient farms thanks to a robust free disposal hull (RFDH) technology. A second RFDH frontier analysis was run only on the selected cost-efficient farms thus enabling us to reveal the units which minimize the pesticide use per hectare while maintaining constant yields. Therefore, all the different total cost-efficient practices among farmers were evaluated in terms of pesticide per hectare and the minimum uses were selected. Our main conclusion is that the pesticide reductions per hectare for the cost-efficient farms could reach 24 %. 相似文献
28.
Mathilde Lefebvre Fabienne Dufernez Ange-Line Bruel Marie Gonzales Bernard Aral Judith Saint-Onge Nadège Gigot Julie Desir Caroline Daelemans Frédérique Jossic Sébastien Schmitt Raphaele Mangione Fanny Pelluard Catherine Vincent-Delorme Jean-Marc Labaune Nicole Bigi Dominique D'Olne Anne-Lise Delezoide Annick Toutain Sophie Blesson Valérie Cormier-Daire Julien Thevenon Salima El Chehadeh Alice Masurel-Paulet Nicole Joyé Claude Vibert-Guigue Luc Rigonnot Thierry Rousseau Pierre Vabres Philippe Hervé Antonin Lamazière Jean-Baptiste Rivière Laurence Faivre Nicole Laurent Christel Thauvin-Robinet 《黑龙江环境通报》2015,35(7):675-684
29.
A study of the equivalence to the reference methods of the Radiello samplers for ozone (O(3)) and benzene as well as the membrane-closed Palmes tube (MCPT) for nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) is presented. These samplers benefit from new model equations capable of estimating their uptake rate. For O(3), the aim here was to demonstrate the equivalence for the reference period of 8 h and 120 microg m(-3), the target value of the 3rd European Daughter Directive. For benzene, the demonstration of equivalence to the annual limit value of 5 microg m(-3) of the 2nd European Daughter Directive was examined. In the case of NO(2), the equivalence to the annual limit value of the 1st European Daughter Directive (40 microg m(-3)) was considered. Results show that the radial sampler for O(3) fails to meet the Data Quality Objective (DQO) for continuous monitoring. However, with an expanded uncertainty of less than 30%, the O(3) diffusive sampler fulfils the DQO for indicative measurements. For benzene, the Radiello sampler exposed for 7 days gave satisfying results showing the ability of the sampler to meet the DQO of the reference method. Nevertheless, the field tests should be complemented by measurements for a wider range of benzene concentrations. In the case of NO(2), all the results of the laboratory and field experiments respected the requirements necessary for the demonstration of equivalence. Overall, these findings thus show that the Radiello sampler and the MCPT are equivalent to the reference methods only for assessment of benzene and NO(2), respectively. 相似文献
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