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对黄河(过境)、大黑河水系及浑河水系十年水质检测结果进行综合分析,揭示其变化趋势,并针对各河流污染断面提出急需解决的问题. 相似文献
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利用OMI卫星反演的较高分辨率(0.125°×0.125°)对流层NO_2(Tro NO_2)柱浓度数据,分析了近12年海南岛TroNO_2柱浓度的时空变化,同时,结合MODIS卫星反演的气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)资料、海口市空气质量指数(AQI)、GDP、SO_2排放总量,以及民用汽车保有量等探究其长期变化与成因.结果表明:海南地区TroNO_2柱浓度空间分布表现为北半部高于南半部、四周沿海高于中部山区的特征,其中,北部地区最大值可达20×1014molec·cm~(-2)以上.近12年来海南地区TroNO_2柱浓度表现为上升的变化趋势.季节变化表现为冬季高于夏季,夏季浓度偏低和雨水的冲刷作用有关,而冬季偏高与旅游过冬人口增多和外源输送作用有密切联系.四季TroNO_2柱浓度均有不同程度的上升,而且季节差异在2010年以后有增大的趋势.海南地区TroNO_2柱浓度分布与岛上经济水平和人口分布关系密切,海南地区民用机动车拥有量近10年呈现快速的增加趋势,机动车尾气NO_2排放也不容忽视. 相似文献
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Co-composting of chicken manure, straw and dry grasses was investigated in a forced aeration system to estimate the effect of aeration rates on NH3, CH4 and N2O emissions and compost quality. Continuous measurements of gas emissions were carried out and detailed gas emission patterns were obtained using an intermittent-aeration of 30 min on/30 min off at rates of 0.01 (A1), 0.1 (A2) and 0.2 (A3) m3 min−1 m−3. Concentrations of CH4 and N2O at the low aeration rate (A1) were significantly greater than those at the other two rates, but there was no significant difference between the A2 and A3 treatments. CH4 and N2O emissions for this mixture could be controlled when the composting process was aerobic and ammonia emissions were reduced at a lower aeration rate. Comparison of CH4, N2O, NH3 emissions and compost quality showed that the aeration rate of the A2 treatment was superior to the other two aeration rates. 相似文献
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The concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Hg, Cu, Zn, Pb and As) in the water, sediment, and fish were investigated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China. Potential ecological risk analysis of sediment heavy metal concentrations indicated that six sites in the middle reach, half of the sites in the lower reach, and two sites in lakes, posed moderate or considerable ecological risk. Health risk analysis of individual heavy metals in fish tissue indicated safe levels for the general population and for fisherman but, in combination, there was a possible risk in terms of total target hazard quotients. Correlation analysis and PCA found that heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn) may be mainly derived from metal processing, electroplating industries, industrial wastewater, and domestic sewage. Hg may also originate from coal combustion. Significant positive correlations between TN and As were observed. 相似文献
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Xiuzhen Hao Dongmei Zhou Deqian Huang Hailin Zhang Yujun Wang 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):905-912
In a pot experiment, pig manure (PM) and chicken manure (CM) were applied to an acidic soil at application rates of 2%, 4% and 8% (W/W) to evaluate their effects on the growth, Cu and Zn uptake and transfer of five cultivars of pakchoi (Brassica chinesis L.). The results showed that alkaline manures significantly increased the biomass of pakchois, and also pH and electrical conductivity of the soil. Both 0.01 M CaCl2 and 1.0 M NH4NO3 salt solutions predict the Zn transfer from soil to pakchois well, but not for Cu. For the cultivar Siyueman, the transfer factors of Cu (or Zn) in the PM treatments were higher than that in the CM treatments. In our experiment the Cu and Zn concentrations in pakchois did not exceed the Chinese Food Hygiene Standard, but more attention should be paid to heavy metals risk on pakchois at lower soil pH and salt impairment by manures application. 相似文献
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以PCF型湿式脱硫除尘器为物理模型,利用Fluent软件包,采用RNGк-ε湍流模型和SIMPLEC算法,对装置内三维流场进行数值模拟.模拟结果发现,原倾斜入口(A)的装置内烟气分布不均匀.提出了水平入口(B)、左入口(C)、右入口(D)3种优化结构,并分别对A、B、C、D入口装置内气流速度、湍流强度与压降进行了模拟分析.结果表明,C、D入口使装置内气流速度分布更加均匀,且增强了装置内湍流强度,但C入口会导致压降增加,因此最佳入口为D.最后,针对入口D装置中的低速区,模拟分析了30°、45°与54°3种不同切入角度,得出45 °效果最佳. 相似文献