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31.
Accelerating the (NH4)2SO3 oxidation gives rise to the reclaiming of byproduct, while there are secondary environmental risks from reduction of the coexisted selenium species by sulfite. In this study, a bi-functional Co-SBA-15-SH, were synthesized through Co impregnation and sulfhydryl (-SH) decoration, which can simultaneously uptake Se and accelerate sulfite oxidation efficiently. Meanwhile, the adsorption kinetics and migration mechanism of Se species were revealed through characterization and density functional calculations, with maximum adsorption capacity of 223 mg/g. The inhibition of Se0 re-emission and poisonous effect of Se on sulfite oxidation was also investigated. Using the findings of this study, the ammonia desulfurization can be improved by enabling purification of the byproduct and lowering the toxicity of effluent by removing toxic pollutants. 相似文献
32.
Formaldehyde (HCHO) is toxic to the human body and is one of the main threats to the indoor air quality (IAQ). As such, the removal of HCHO is imperative to improving the IAQ, whereby the most useful method to effectively remove HCHO at room temperature is catalytic oxidation. This review discusses catalysts for HCHO room-temperature oxidation, which are categorized according to their preparation methods, i.e., gas-phase reduction and liquid-phase reduction methods. The HCHO oxidation performances, structural features, and reaction mechanisms of the different catalysts are discussed, and directions for future research on catalytic oxidation are reviewed. 相似文献
33.
《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2014,92(6):879-887
The purpose of this study is to find an optimal mixture ratio of the platinum-loaded carbon catalyst and the electrolyte in a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell for reducing the activation resistance, which influences the electrochemical surface area, activation polarization, and maximum power density of the MEA. First, mixture ratios of 10, 20, 40, and 60 wt% platinum-loaded carbon catalysts and electrolyte were examined. The results indicated that the fuel cell performance improved for mixing weight ratios of 1.0:2.0 in 10 wt% Pt/C, 1.0:1.8 in 20 wt% Pt/C, 1.0:1.1 in 40 wt% Pt/C, and 1.0:0.5 in 60 wt% Pt/C. Next, we evaluated the activation resistances of the MEA from the AC impedance characteristics using the optimal mixing weight ratio of the platinum-loaded carbon catalyst and the electrolyte. It was found that the activation resistances of the anode and cathode decrease with an increase in the weight ratio of platinum-loaded carbon in the catalyst layer. 相似文献
34.
程序升温条件下铁及其氧化物在CO存在时对N_2O的还原机理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应用热综合分析仪 (TG FTIR)研究了在还原性气氛下Fe及其氧化物对N2 O的催化还原作用 .研究发现铁氧化物对氮氧化物的催化还原能力相当弱 ,而Fe可以高效地降低N2 O分解的初始温度和提高N2 O向N2 的转化率 .在Fe和CO的作用下 ,N2 O的初始分解温度为 92 0K和 10 0 0K .在 112 3K时 ,N2 O的转化率达到 95 %和 80 % .TG/DSC曲线表明了在Fe与N2 O反应过程中CO的作用表现为通过与N2 O在反应表面的竞争吸附使铁氧化物还原为金属铁 ,X射线衍射证明Fe与N2 O反应后的氧化物为Fe2 O3 ;扫描电镜对反应后Fe表面物理形态的研究发现 ,在CO作用下 ,Fe的表面呈松散结构 ,可以保证Fe对氮氧化物反应的连续进行 相似文献
35.
於桂池 《环境监测管理与技术》2006,18(1):29-31
采用动压平衡采样系统测定炼油厂催化装置再生烟气中的催化剂粉尘,结果表明,该系统比预测流速法自动化程度高,故障率低,操作简便,数据准确可靠.与激光粉尘再现分析仪作对比,测试结果基本吻合. 相似文献
36.
运用微反技术考察了CrOX负载型催化剂对CO+O2和CO+NO反应的催化活性。研究了微量Pd加和CrOX基双组元催化剂对上述反应的催化活性,中间产物N2O生成和N2生成的影响。 相似文献
37.
38.
C. Hagner 《Regional Environmental Change》2000,1(3-4):135-151
Environmental protection policies in the automobile market were not implemented until the motorisation of the masses in the
1960s caused an increasing environmental burden. The rising air pollution was considered a latent danger to humans, animals
and plants. In the years up to 1985 the EU passed several regulations to limit the mass pollutants CO, CxHy and NOx. Germany
was the first EU-member nation to also be concerned with lead in gasoline, passing reduction regulations as early as 1971.
In 1986, several EU-member nations implemented the supply of unleaded gasoline. This decision was predominantly based on information
about widespread forest damage.
The reduction of lead emissions due to these regulations could be verified in different environmental systems. An example
of this was the decline of atmospheric lead concentrations and human blood lead levels in Germany. With regard to industries,
the German mineral oil and automobile markets were affected mostly. The price trend of gasoline was no longer only influenced by varying crude oil prices but also by tax discrimination between
leaded and unleaded fuel. With regard to the distribution system, the market positions particularly of the medium-sized traders
and the independent importers were weakened. In the automobile market, favourable terms of competition were experienced by
producers who had already gained experience with catalyst systems in the US market. The Gasoline Lead Content Regulations
had no significant effects on further economic indicators, except for competition.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
39.
Characteristics of toluene decomposition and formation of nitrogen oxide(NOx) by-products were investigated in a dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) reactor with/without catalyst at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Four kinds of metal oxides, i.e., manganese oxide(Mn Ox), iron oxide(Fe Ox), cobalt oxide(Co Ox) and copper oxide(Cu O), supported on Al2O3/nickel foam, were used as catalysts. It was found that introducing catalysts could improve toluene removal efficiency, promote decomposition of by-product ozone and enhance CO2 selectivity. In addition, NOx was suppressed with the decrease of specific energy density(SED) and the increase of humidity, gas flow rate and toluene concentration, or catalyst introduction. Among the four kinds of catalysts, the Cu O catalyst showed the best performance in NOx suppression. The Mn Ox catalyst exhibited the lowest concentration of O3 and highest CO2 selectivity but the highest concentration of NOx. A possible pathway for NOx production in DBD was discussed. The contributions of oxygen active species and hydroxyl radicals are dominant in NOx suppression. 相似文献
40.