Photo-assisted fenton oxidation of refractory organics in UASB-pretreated leachate

Nearly 91% of organic pollutants in Hong Kong leachate could be effectively removed by the UASB(upflow anaerobic sludge blanket)process followed by the fenton coagulation.The COD(chemical oxygen demand)of leachate was lowered from an average of 5620 mg/L to 1910 mg/L after the UASB treatment at 37℃,and was further lowered to 513 mg/L after fenton coagulation.The remaining refractory residues could be further removed by plotochemical oxidation with the addition of H2O2.The BOD/COD ratio was greatly increased from 0.062 to 0.142,indicating the biodegradability of organic residues was improved.The photochemical oxidation for the fenton-coagulation supernatant was most effective at pH3-4,with the addition of 800 mg/L of H2O2,and UV radiation time of 30 minutes.The final effluent contained only 148 mg/L of COD,21 mg/L of BOD(biochemical oxygen demand)and 56 mg/L of TOC (total organic carbon).     

腐蚀电池-Fenton工艺用于垃圾渗滤液的预处理研究

采用铁屑和颗粒活性炭通过原电池反应产生的Fe2 离子取代FeSO4组成腐蚀电池-Fenton工艺,采用该工艺对垃圾渗滤液进行预处理.结果表明,最佳运行条件为pH值为2、H2O2投加量为理论投加量的50%、铁屑投量为30 g(500 mL渗滤液中)、Fe/C质量比为2.5、反应时间为1 h、絮凝pH值为7,其COD去除率可达到60%(其中活性炭吸附占19%),TOC去除率可达47%(其中活性碳吸附占13%),BOD5/COD值从原水的0 35提高到出水的0.69;而传统Fenton工艺在H2O2/Fe2 比值等于5、其它条件与腐蚀电池-Fenton工艺相同的条件下,COD去除率为26%,TOC去除率为19%,BOD5/COD比值从原水的0.43提高到0.69.将腐蚀电池-Fenton工艺用于垃圾渗滤液的预处理,在有机物去除率和提高可生化性方面效果均明显优于传统Fenton工艺.     

Miscibility and Biodegradability of Poly(Butylene Succinate)/Poly(Butylene Terephthalate) Blends

As one of the biodegradable polymers, the blend of poly(butylene succinate) and poly(butylene terephthalate) is dealt with in this study. In our previous work, it was demonstrated that PBS and PBT are immiscible not only from the changes of T _g but also from logG–log G plots. It is expected that the biodegradability of the blends could be improved by enhancing the miscibility. We tried to induce the transesterification reaction between two polyesters with various time intervals to enhance the miscibility of the blends. The extent of transesterification reaction was examined by ¹H-NMR. We utilized a dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer and a rotational rheometer to investigate the changes in miscibility. We also verified the biodegradability of PBS/PBT blends after the transesterification reaction by the composting method.     

合成有机物结构-生物降解性关系的研究

本文综述了合成有机物生物降解性的研究方法.以及定性结构-生物降解性关系(SBR).重点综述了芳香类化合物的结构与生物降解性的关系.研究这一关系有助于有毒化学品生物降解性的预测.     

Fenton试剂-生物法联合处理有机废水研究进展

本文对Fenton试剂和生物法联合处理有机废水的工艺流程、适用废水种类、废水处理机理和衡量指标进行了综述,并对Fenton试剂和生物法相结合处理有机废水研究进行了展望。     

Testing biodegradability with standardized methods

Laboratory test methods are used by industry laboratories to determine biodegradability, an important parameter for the evaluation of the ecological behaviour of substances. Biodegradability has a key role due to the simple fact that a degradable substance will cause no long term risk in the environment. The great variety of biodegradation processes in the natural environment and in technical plants for treating waste water and solid wastes gave rise to a rather large number of test methods based on different test principles. To guarantee the acceptance of the test results by authorities and customers internationally standardized methods (ISO, OECD) and established quality criteria (GLP, EN 45000, ISO 9000) are used.     

糖蜜酒精废水厌氧可生化性实验研究

采用自制的球形反应器对糖蜜酒精废水进行厌氧可生化性研究.实验持续了40 d,CODcr从38 652 mg·L-1下降到6 094 mg·L-1,总去除率达84.23%.说明糖蜜酒精废水的厌氧可生化性较好;硫酸盐浓度由最初的3 860 mg·L-1下降到470 mg·L-1,去除率为87.82%.同时,有机污染物的去除高峰期比其硫酸盐延迟了2～4 d,说明可以通过控制运行反应条件和参数,对该废水采用两相厌氧处理工艺,在产酸相提前去除大部分的硫酸盐,减弱高浓度硫酸盐对厌氧反应的抑制作用.     

铁炭微电解深度处理焦化废水的研究

采用曝气铁炭微电解工艺对焦化废水进行了深度处理.结果表明,在活性炭、铁屑和NaCl投加量分别为10 g/L、30 g/L和200 mg/L的条件下反应240 min,出水COD去除率在30%～40%;酸性条件可以进一步提高COD去除率;微电解可以去除原生化出水中的难降解有机物,出水物质的分子量主要集中于2000 Da以下,以脂类和烃类化合物为主;出水的可生化性有了大幅度提高,BOD5/COD由0.08增加到0.53.实验结果表明,铁炭微电解是深度处理焦化废水的一种有效工艺.     

有机物好氧生物降解性的综合测试评价方法

综合考虑有机物好氧生物降解过程中的耗氧量,最终产物量和微生物活性３个影响生物降解性的因素,以ＢＯＤ５／ＣＯＤ作为耗氧指标,以ＣＯ２作为降解产物量指标,以ＡＴＰ作为微生物活性指标,根据这３个指标提出模糊聚类综合 加权综合评估２种综合评价有机物生物降解性的方法,综合评价了２２种有机化合物和有机废水的生物降解性,并比较了这２种综合评价方法的优劣,同时也提出了采用这２种综合评价方法所需进行了具体步骤。     

定量结构—生物降解性能关系(QSBR)研究原理及进展

定量结构—生物降解性能关系（QSBR）作为定量预测有机物生物降解性能的一种方法,越来越受到人们的关注．从QSBR的发展、理论基础及方法、结构描述符的类型、QSBR研究进展及所面临的挑战等方面进行了论述．