旅游概念规划内容体系创新研究——以重庆市璧山千亩荷园乡村旅游概念规划为例

在界定旅游概念规划的基础上,对其内容体系进行了研究,创新性地提出了一种新的旅游概念规划内容体系,即它由背景环境解析、理念融合创新、目标定位、发展战略确定、关键策略选择五大板块组成,内容涉及到发展背景认知、区域特征分析、特殊理念识别、特有思想梳理、关键概念提取、规划目标界定、发展战略选择、主题形象提升、空间构架部署、概念分区支撑、意象设计解码、发展模式生成、旅游策略选择等13个方面,并以《重庆市千亩荷园旅游概念规划》为例,在理论和实证双重层面上证实了这套新内容体系的实践价值和存在意义.     

Sorption influenced transport of ionizable pharmaceuticals onto a natural sandy aquifer sediment at different pH

The pH-dependent transport of eight selected ionizable pharmaceuticals was investigated by using saturated column experiments. Seventy-eight different breakthrough curves on a natural sandy aquifer material were produced and compared for three different pH levels at otherwise constant conditions. The experimentally obtained K_OC data were compared with calculated K_OC values derived from two different log K_OW-log K_OC correlation approaches. A significant pH-dependence on sorption was observed for all compounds with pK_a in the considered pH range. Strong retardation was measured for several compounds despite their hydrophilic character. Besides an overall underestimation of K_OC, the comparison between calculated and measured values only yields meaningful results for the acidic and neutral compounds. Basic compounds retarded much stronger than expected, particularly at low pH when their cationic species dominated. This is caused by additional ionic interactions, such as cation exchange processes, which are insufficiently considered in the applied K_OC correlations.     

Simultaneous elimination of cyanotoxins and PCBs via mechanical collection of cyanobacterial blooms: An application of “green-bioadsorption concept”

In this study, the distribution, transfer and fate of both polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and cyanotoxins via phytoplankton routes were systematically investigated in two Chinese lakes. Results indicated that PCB adsorption/bioaccumulation dynamics has significantly positive correlations with the biomass of green alga and diatoms. Total lipid content of phytoplankton is the major factor that influences PCB adsorption/bioaccumulation. Cyanobacterial blooms with relatively lower lipid content could also absorb high amount of PCBs due to their high cell density in the water columns, and this process was proposed as major route for the transfer of PCBs in Chinese eutrophic freshwater. According to these findings, a novel route on fates of PCBs via phytoplankton and a green bioadsorption concept were proposed and confirmed. In the practice of mechanical collections of bloom biomass from Lake Taihu, cyanotoxin/cyanobacteria and PCBs were found to be removed simultaneously very efficiently followed this theory.     

主观性在环境侵权案件证据和证明中的作用研究

法院在审理环境侵权案件时,往往依赖于专业鉴定、行政标准、专家意见等等客观依据来确定案件事实.但因为环境问题的复杂性,以及民事主体自身举证能力的限制,经常出现双方举证均不充分,法院无法基于现有事实和证据得出结论的情况.此时,法官应当发挥自身能动性,主动应用主观的、甚至是非科学性的因素和手段,包括容忍义务、经验法则、自由心证等等,这些因素无法被赋予客观的标准,它需要法官基于自身的理性以及经验,结合社会一般观念、习惯等因素进行判断.     

Emergency preparedness consultants at the local government level: the Israeli experience

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Municipal Emergency Consultation project in eight Israeli local authorities. The initiative centres on the appointment of independent emergency preparedness consultants entrusted with tailoring an emergency preparedness package to suit the specific needs of each locality. Regarding emergency preparedness improvements, in all of the municipalities examined, a concept of municipal emergency operation was consolidated and the derived emergency plan tested. Emergency work processes were structured and service‐level agreements reached between municipality departments. Where necessary, a‐linear patterns of municipal functioning in an emergency were established. Concerning a ‘spillover’ of emergency preparedness improvements into routine operations, and a ‘spillover’ of routine management improvements into local emergency preparedness, two municipalities near Gaza, which typically function in an emergency routine, saw a significant ‘spillover’ of emergency preparedness into routine functioning. In other localities, local managers chose to improve a number of municipal structures and procedures in times of routine functioning, which are also related to the functioning of the municipality during an emergency.     

应急预案以人为本

从国家总体应急预案的框架入手，分析了其方方面面的编制要素，得出了其以人为本的编制理念的结论。     

新常态下亟需树立经济发展与环境保护“共生”观

从根本上解决环境问题,特别是在新常态下,需要建立经济发展与环境保护“共生”观。本文论述了经济与环境共生观产生的背景与内涵。贯彻经济发展与环境保护共生的观念,必须采取2个行动:一是改变环境保护实施综合决策体制,建立经济发展与环境保护融合决策体制。在最高决策层,要采取经济与环境融合决策体制,在这个背景下政策环境影响评价将顺利通过。二是改变经济发展与环境保护协调运行机制,建立经济发展与环境保护协同运行机制。京津冀等地协同治理雾霾取得了一定的成绩,说明树立经济与环境共生观念,建立协同运行机制是可行的。     

城市避难场所相关研究进展与展望

在阅读大量国内外文献基础上,对避难场所相关概念进行归纳总结,梳理避难场所相关研究的脉络,分析避难场所相关研究的演变与发展。重点对评价和选址两大研究主题进行深入探讨与归纳总结。已有研究成果较为丰富,但仍存在不足之处。目前,避难场所相关概念较多,尚无共识。已有研究对象多局限于绿地,而对城市中其他能够保障居民灾时安全的开敞空间挖掘不够。空间布局研究较为零散,方法有待更新,评价结果难以深入到城市内部空间结构,且忽略了居民避难行为的影响力。未来应①着力探索高效、规范的识别方法,明确城市中能真正保障居民灾时安全的避难空间;②强化灾害行为学研究,基于居民灾时行为特征进行避难空间评价与选址;③探讨避难空间在大城市蔓延与土地利用系统变化过程中的空间布局、演变特征与驱动力。     

整体性治理视域下防治外来物种入侵法治研究

外来物种入侵是威胁国家生物多样性、生态安全和公众健康的重大安全问题。《生物安全法》的通过为防治外来物种入侵提供了综合性的制度规范。我国防治外来物种入侵法治实践长期以行政规制为主导,较少关注司法机关、企事业单位、社会组织和公众等法律主体在治理中的作用。行政规制治理中执法机构及其职能与管理手段的碎片化,亦无法回应高风险社会防治外来物种入侵的需要。我国防治外来物种入侵法治建设应当坚持整体性治理理念,以整体安全观为指导,坚持风险预防、防治结合,明确综合管理程序及责任法律制度和一体化协同执法机制,健全防治外来物种入侵行政规制体系;引入公众参与,形成政府、企事业单位、社会组织和公众协同治理外来物种入侵,鼓励外来物种入侵公益诉讼等,完善防治外来物种入侵的多元共治体系,共促国家生物安全治理体系。     

试论生态化人格及推进人格生态化的意义

人格与生态的内在关联,包括康德在内的法权论者认为作为法权主体的人格同外部自然物(包括生态环境)之间有着紧密的关系,黑格尔明确地把外部自然界作为财产的一部分加以考虑。在马克思看来,资本家尽管有了对于自然界的所有权,却也并不就是真正自由的独立的人格,近代的生态危机,归根到底同这种反生态人格密切相关。生态化人格是个体人格的生态规定性,是与生态文明相适合的作为生态文明主体的"生态人"的资格、规格和品格的统一,是一种权利和义务(责任)相统一的新型人格,是一种充满智慧的新型人格,是对其他人格富有同情和尊重的智慧型人格,还是一种具有审美视野的美的人格。它的真正确立,包含着实践的环节。生态化人格的塑造与培养不是一蹴而就的,而必需是在生态文明建设进程中不断推进铸就的。推进人格生态化一方面有助于我国生态文明建设的顺利开展,另一方面也是生态文明建设的内在目的和要求。