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41.
根据JJF 1059-1999,建立了原子荧光光谱法测定化妆品中汞不确定度数学模型,分析了测试过程中不确定度的来源,并对各不确定度分量进行量化,本次测定的合成相对不确定度为0.045;其中由消化液浓度引起相对不确定度为0.0448,样品消化定容体积引入不确定度0.00058,称量样品质量引入的不确定度0.00059.最大的不确定度分量是样品消化重复测定,其相对不确定度分量值为0.043,其次为标准曲线拟合的相对不确定度,分量值为0.0064,本次测定结果为0.513±0.046 mg/kg;k=2(置信水平95%) 相似文献
42.
建立了固相萃取(SPE)-红外分光光度测定水中总油的方法,并对固相萃取条件进行了优化,实验表明,对于1L添加2mg标准油的水样,其总油的回收率为86%-93%,多次重复实验测定的相对标准偏差为2.9%(n=6)。 相似文献
43.
作用距离是红外系统核心性能指标之一,受大气、背景等多方面因素的影响。针对传统作用距离计算方法存在的局限,综合考虑多个影响因素,提出了一种优化计算方法,首次精确计算了作用距离与实际距离之差的大气衰减值,并对计算方法进行了验证。结果表明,优化计算方法具有较好的计算精度,可用于红外系统性能预测和整体设计。 相似文献
44.
ε-聚赖氨酸生产废菌体对六价铬吸附影响的研究 总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1
以ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-PL)发酵生产废菌体小白链霉菌(Streptomyces albulus)PD-1为研究对象,探讨了其对吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的影响.实验过程中,对预处理方式、pH、初始Cr(Ⅵ)浓度、吸附时间和温度等因素进行了考察.结果表明,HCl预处理的菌体具有较好的吸附能力,Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附增加率达到22.7%,最佳pH为2.0左右,温度对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附影响不大.实验过程中分别采取Langmuir和Freundlich 2种吸附等温模型对实验数据进行了拟合,得到2个模型的线性相关系数R2分别为0.979 4和0.979 8,这表明吸附过程中既存在单层吸附同时也存在复杂的多层吸附,小白链霉菌对Cr(Ⅵ)的最大理论吸附量为23.92mg.g-1.通过傅里叶变换红外光谱分析,酰胺基和羟基等基团在吸附过程中起主要作用. 相似文献
45.
46.
模拟医疗废物在TG-DTA-FTIR上的热失重特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在热重-差热分析仪上对模拟医疗废物分别在氮气和空气气氛中不同升温速率下加热的热失重行为进行了研究,并对升温速率和不同气氛对其热失重行为的影响进行了探讨.结果表明,随升温速率的提高,模拟医疗废物在2种气氛下热失重时挥发分初析出温度(Ts)向高温方向偏移、失重速率峰值(DTGmax)显著增大;在氮气气氛下,物料热失重时有2个失重峰,前后2个峰的失重率分别为31%和59%左右,在空气气氛下,有3个失重峰,前2个峰失重率分别在44%~59%和31%~46%之间.同时,结合同步傅立叶变换红外光谱仪对各个条件下的气体产物进行了定性分析,并对其中的CO、CO2、H2O和CH4进行了定量分析.实验发现,模拟医疗废物在2种气氛下热失重主要阶段的产物种类相似,都检测到了CO2、CO、烷烃类、醛类、羧酸、醇类和烯烃的特征吸收峰.并且,结果显示升温速率和气氛条件对CO、CO2、H2O和CH4的生成量都有影响.在热失重的主要阶段,水分含量随加热时间变化曲线上显示1个向下的峰,说明载气中原有水分参与了反应. 相似文献
47.
Removal of phosphate by Fe-coordinated amino-functionalized 3D mesoporous
silicates hybrid materials
Phosphate removal from aqueous waste streams is an important approach to control the eutrophication downstream bodies of water.
A Fe(III) coordinated amino-functionalized silicate adsorbent for phosphate adsorption was synthesized by a post-grafting and metal
cation incorporation process. The surface structure of the adsorbent was characterized by X-ray di raction, N2 adsoropion/desoprotion
technique, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The experimental results showed that the adsorption equilibrium data were well
fitted to the Langmuir equation. The maximum adsorption capacity of the modified silicate material was 51.8 mg/g. The kinetic data
from the adsorption of phosphate were fitted to pseudo second-order model. The phosphate adsorption was highly pH dependent and
the relatively high removal of phosphate fell within the pH range 3.0–6.0. The coexistence of other anions in solutions has an adverse
e ect on phosphate adsorption; a decrease in adsorption capacity followed the order of exogenous anions: F?? > SO2?? 4 > NO??3 > Cl??. In
addition, the adsorbed phosphate could be desorbed by NaOH solutions. This silicate adsorbent with a large adsorption capacity and
relatively high selectivity could be utilized for the removal of phosphate from aqueous waste streams or in aquatic environment. 相似文献
48.
Potential particulate pollution derived from UV-induced degradation of
odorous dimethyl sulfide 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
UV-induced degradation of odorous dimethyl sulfide (DMS) was carried out in a static White cell chamber with UV irradiation. The
combination of in situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), wide-range
particle spectrometer (WPS) technique, filter sampling and ion chromatographic (IC) analysis was used to monitor the gaseous and
potential particulate products. During 240 min of UV irradiation, the degradation e ciency of DMS attained 20.9%, and partially
oxidized sulfur-containing gaseous products, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbonyl sulfide (OCS), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO),
dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) were identified by in situ FT-IR and GC-MS analysis, respectively.
Accompanying with the oxidation of DMS, suspended particles were directly detected to be formed by WPS techniques. These
particles were measured mainly in the size range of accumulation mode, and increased their count median diameter throughout
the whole removal process. IC analysis of the filter samples revealed that methanesulfonic acid (MSA), sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and
other unidentified chemicals accounted for the major non-refractory compositions of these particles. Based on products analysis and
possible intermediates formed, the degradation pathways of DMS were proposed as the combination of the O(1D)- and the OH- initiated
oxidation mechanisms. A plausible formation mechanism of the suspended particles was also analyzed. It is concluded that UV-induced
degradation of odorous DMS is potentially a source of particulate pollutants in the atmosphere. 相似文献
49.
The adsorption behaviors of heavy metals onto novel low-cost adsorbent, red loess, were investigated. Red loess was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectra. The results indicated that red loess mainly consisted of silicate, ferric and aluminum oxides. Solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial metal concentration, contact time and temperature significantly influenced the efficiency of heavy metals removal. The adsorption reached equilibrium at 4 hr, and the experimental equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir monolayer adsorption model. The adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) onto red loess was endothermic, while the adsorption of Pb(II) was exothermic. The maximum adsorption capacities of red loess for Pb(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) were estimated to be 113.6, 34.2 and 17.5 mg/g, respectively at 25°C and pH 6. The maximum removal efficiencies were 100% for Pb(II) at pH 7, 100% for Cu(II) at pH 8, and 80% for Zn(II) at pH 8. The used adsorbents were readily regenerated using dilute HC1 solution, indicating that red loess has a high reusability. All the above results demonstrated that red loess could be used as a possible alternative low-cost adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution. 相似文献
50.