活性炭间歇式吸附亚甲基蓝废水的研究

以亚甲基蓝（MB）作为模拟染料废水,系统考察了活性炭（AC）对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能。计算得到了△G^0、△H^0、△S^0等几个热力学参数。实验结果表明：活性炭的吸附性能取决于吸附时间、废水pH值和废水温度。吸附行为符合二级反应速率方程所描述的规律和Langmuir吸附等温式。废水pH值的升高有利于提高最终吸附处理的效果。活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附是一个自发的、弱吸热的物理过程,温度的升高有利于吸附的进行。     

微囊藻毒素合成机理的研究进展

对于MC的研究目前主要集中在毒理学,生态影响,及监测、检测技术等研究领域之中.由于MC产毒藻种类繁多,再加上多达60几种的异构体的存在,每一MC产毒藻类体内其mcy基因并不完全一致,所以对于MC的产毒合成机理研究非常困难.但近几年对MC的产毒合成机理已经有了突破:三种最主要的MC产毒藻的MC合成过程已经被阐明.     

Decomposition of hexachlorobenzene over Al2O3 supported metal oxide catalysts

Decomposition of hexachlorobenzene(HCB)was investigated over several metal oxides(i.e.,MgO,CaO,BaO,La2O3,CeO2,MnO2, Fe2O3,and Co3O4)supported on Al2O3,which was achieved in closed system at a temperature of 300°C.Catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation with different metal oxides loading and impregnating solvents.The decomposition effciency of different catalysts for this reaction depends on the nature of the metal oxide used,and Al2O3 supported La2O3 was found to be the most active one.Pe...     

Treatment of tunnel wash waters-experiments with organic sorbent materials.PartⅠ:Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nonpolar oil

Tunnel wash waters characterize all waters that run off after washing procedures of tunnels are performed.These waters represent a wide spectrum of organic and inorganic pollutants,such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and toxic metals.Removal of such contaminants from water runoff was investigated using laboratory tests after washing procedure was performed on two road tunnels in eastern Norway(Hanekleiv and Bragernes).Due to diverse character of both,treatment media and treated wash waters, the...     

Residues of organochlorine pesticides in surface soils from college school yards in Beijing, China

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have been a major environmental issue, attracting much scientific concern because of their nature of toxicity, persistence, and endocrine disrupting effects. Soil samples were collected from ten college school yards in Beijing in 2006 and analyzed to determine fifteen OCPs. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) were found to be the main pollutants, accounting for 93.70% of total OCPs, followed by hexachlorohexanes (HCHs) (2.25%) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) (1.82%). Content...     

Dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ) reduction characteristics of paddy soil extract cultures treated with glucose or fatty acids

Dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ) reduction is a universal process with irreplaceable biological and environmental importance in anoxic environments. Our knowledge about Fe(Ⅲ) reduction predominantly comes from pure cultures of dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ) reducing bacteria (DFRB). The objective of this study was to compare the effects of glucose and a selection of short organic acids (citrate, succinate, pyruvate, propionate, acetate, and formate) on Fe(Ⅲ) reduction via the anaerobic culture of three paddy soil solutions with Fe...     

Impact of acetochlor on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in microcosm soils

Acetochlor is an increasingly used herbicide on corn in North China. Currently, the effect of acetochlor on soil ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) communities is not well documented. Here, we studied the diversity and community composition of AOB in soil amended with three concentrations of acetochlor (50, 150, 250 mg/kg) and the control (0 mg acetochlor/kg soil) in a microcosm experiment by PCR-DGGE (polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) and the phylogenetic analysis of excised ...     

Indoor and outdoor BTX levels in Barcelona City metropolitan area and Catalan rural areas

Five aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, and three isomeric xylenes) were monitored in indoor and outdoor air of 7 public buildings and 54 private homes, located in Barcelona City metropolitan area and in several rural areas of Catalonia. The sampling was carried out over four periods: spring-summer and winter of 2000, and summer and winter of 2001. Passive ORSA 5 Dra¨ger samplers were used for benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX) adsorption. BTX were extracted with carbon disulphide and analysed using ...     

基于2GW-HAZOP与偏离度的输气站降压排污作业风险评估*

为预防输气站降压排污过程中发生事故,提出1种基于2GW-HAZOP与偏离度的作业过程风险评估方法。在HAZOP方法的基础上定义作业偏差,将传统7种工艺参数偏差引导词映射到1个偏差二元组中;通过将作业过程节点功能作为参量,采用节点跨越和节点功能偏离2种引导词,从而构建节点功能偏差;进一步通过定义功能偏离度和控制措施偏离度对偏差进行量化处理,表征风险水平;将方法应用于降压排污作业过程的风险评估中,可分析得到偏离度大的作业过程节点。结果表明:分离器放空不充分、排污池液位过高或过低、排污结束未检查泄漏情况的偏离度较大,需加强风险控制。     

新型高沸点灭火剂与弹性密封材料的相容性研究*

为研究灭火剂与弹性密封材料的相容性问题,开展2种新型高沸点灭火剂2-溴-3,3,3三氟丙烯（2-BTP）、全氟己酮（Novec 1230）与飞机固定式灭火系统中3种常用密封橡胶材料硅橡胶（SI）、氟橡胶（FKM）和氟硅橡胶（FVQM）的全浸泡和反复浸泡实验,并对实验后橡胶基础物理参数与表面微观形貌进行测试与分析。结果表明:在全浸泡实验中,SI,FVQM与2-BTP相容性较好,SI,FKM,FVQM与Novec 1230相容性较好,可作为静态密封材料使用;在反复浸泡实验后,SI,FVQM在Novec 1230中性能变化较小,可作为其动态密封材料使用;SI,FKM,FVQM在2-BTP中力学性能大幅下降,不建议作为2-BTP灭火系统的动态密封材料使用。