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91.
Morin-Crini Nadia Lichtfouse Eric Torri Giangiacomo Crini Grégorio 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(4):1667-1692
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Chitosan is a biopolymer obtained from chitin, one of the most abundant and renewable materials on Earth. Chitin is a primary component of cell walls in fungi, the... 相似文献
92.
Mushtaq Ahmed Nadia Latif Rahmat Ali Khan Akhlaq Ahmad Gustavo Thomé Maria R.C. Schetinger 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(8):1659-1665
The venom of krait (Bungarus sindanus), an Elapidae snake, contains high level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. The effect of arachidonic acid on krait (Bungarus sindanus) venom AChE (acetylcholine hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.7) was studied using kinetic methods. This study evaluated for the first time whether arachidonic acid acts as potential AChE inhibitor of krait venom. Kinetic studies, using Line-Weaver Burk and Dixon plots, indicated that the inhibition produced by arachidonic acid was non-competitive, i.e., both km and V max fell with increase in the concentration of arachidonic acid. The concentration of arachidonic acid required to inhibit 50% of enzymatic activity was found to be 1.9?µM while the inhibitory constant (Ki ) was 1.4?µM. The present results suggest that essential fatty acid (arachidonic acid) may also be used as an inhibitor of snake venom AChE. 相似文献
93.
Nadia Marchettini Margherita Panzieri Valentina Niccolucci Simone Bastianoni Stefano Borsa 《国际发展与全球生态学杂志》2013,20(3):275-282
Increased awareness of the importance of environmental protection and the introduction of international standards like ISO 14001 stimulated development of environmental sustainability indicators as a means to measure systems environmental performance. Here, a thermodynamic approach, emergy analysis (Odum, 1988) was used to obtain sustainability indicators able to analyse and quantify the productive and ecological performance of four famous Italian wine productions: Chianti, Brunello di Montalcino, Nobile di Montepulciano, and Barbera d'hti. The application to agricultural production was motivated by the growing need for productive and environmentally sound development in modern agriculture, in which the resource base, the environment, is preserved. The choice of wines, more precisely, grape production, is due to their importance for Italian agriculture and the economy. All the wines demonstrated a good long-term environmental sustainability, especially in view of their high quality and in comparison with the average Italian wine production. Emergy analysis proved a powerful tool for assessing environmental performance of these systems, and its use could easily be extended to other wine productions to obtain a form of environmental performance classification of this product. Systematic use of emergy analysis to assess environmental performance of different processes and products, not necessarily in agriculture, could be useful for environmental certification. 相似文献
94.
Nadia Silva Jesús M. Avilés Etiénne Danchin Deseada Parejo 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2008,62(12):1969-1979
Animals may assess the quality of other individuals by using information that different ornaments may provide. The European
Roller (Coracias garrulus) is a socially monogamous species in which males and females display highly conspicuous plumage colouration. According to
the mutual selection hypothesis, we predicted that, in this species, plumage coloration could signal individual quality in
both sexes because both female and male rollers invest a considerable amount of time caring for their offspring. We used spectrophotometric
measurements to investigate the information content of multiple plumage colour traits. We found that the roller is actually
a sexually dimorphic and dichromatic species. Different plumage colours from different origins were correlated within individual.
Head and back brightness correlated with body condition in both sexes, and in males, head brightness correlated with the number
of fledglings in successful nests, while head green-yellow saturation correlated with parental provisioning. Meanwhile, in
females, back brightness was related to the number of fledglings in successful nests and to parental provisioning rate. In
addition, there was a positive assortative mating in relation to weight, body condition, head green-yellow saturation and
back brightness. Finally, we found a positive correlation between parent and offspring coloration. Altogether, these results
suggest that multiple colour traits may act as quality indicators in the roller and that they may be used by the two sexes
to assess potential mate quality. 相似文献
95.
Regular vegetation patterns have been observed in many arid zones around the word. This particular spontaneous arrangement of the vegetation optimizes the use of the scarce water resources and could be imitated to restore vulnerable ecosystems; at the same time, the patterns of vegetation act as an early warning signal of the fact that fragile ecosystems may suddenly undergo irreversible shifts, thus, they deserve a special attention. The formation of vegetation patterns is the object of many theoretical and experimental studies, nevertheless, in previous works, the interest that is deserved to below ground biomass allocation is minor as compared to the effort that is spent to describe the organization of vegetation above ground. 相似文献
96.
Fatima Zahra Ozi Nadia Boutaleb Meryem Hadidi Bouchaib Bahlaouan Mohamed Bennani Alla Silkina Said El Antri 《环境质量管理》2023,32(3):123-134
This research work consists on valorizing poultry waste by biotransformation into biofertilizers, associating this agro-industrial waste with algae (abundant natural resources) and molasses (a by-product of the sugar refining industry) ensuring a good contribution of nutritional chemical elements and obtaining a balanced formulation. A total of seven different formulations of the above three components, were examined in a simplex centroid design. A fungal inoculum of Aspergillus niger was used as a fermentation agent for better quality of biotransformation. The monitoring of this biotransformation is ensured during 15 days by following the evolution of physicochemical and microbiological parameters and, to understand the bioconversion of the simple compounds of the biofertilizer mixture such as short aliphatic chains, sugar, and amino acids into soluble mineral compounds, a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was carried out before and after biotransformation. Finally, germination and fertilization tests were performed to evaluate the efficiency of the final product on a barley crop. The overall results of the present study showed that the mixture which contained 68.75% poultry waste, 12.5% molasses, and 18.75% algae presented the better microbiological and chemical safety criteria required for a good biofertilizer according to NF U44-551 standard. 相似文献
97.
At the 2009 Copenhagen Climate Summit, donors pledged to ‘jointly mobilize’ $100 billion/year for climate finance by 2020. The Copenhagen Accord and other agreements do not specify who should provide how much of this collective target beyond the general principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (CBDR&RC), according to which the more responsible a country is for climate change and/or the more capable of paying, the more climate finance it should provide. Two additional burden-sharing mechanisms may explain how much climate finance donors provide: willingness to pay or ‘greenness’ and self-interest. These mechanisms are tested to determine which best explains current patterns in climate finance commitments by analysing bilateral climate aid. There is evidence for capability—richer countries provide more climate aid. In contrast, responsibility, greenness or self-interest do not induce more climate aid commitments. Better understanding the drivers of climate aid helps to mobilize more climate finance, and advances understanding of (sectoral) aid allocation. 相似文献
98.
Donatus Bapentire Angnuureng Rafael Almar Nadia Senechal Bruno Castelle Kwasi Appeaning Addo Vincent Marieu Roshanka Ranasinghe 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2017,21(3):381-392
The present work investigates cross-shore shoreline migration as well as its alongshore variability (with deformation) on timescales of days to years using 6 years of time-averaged video images. The variability of the shoreline is estimated through empirical statistical methods with comprehensive reference to three scales of variability. At the meso-to macro-tidal barred Biscarrosse beach, shoreline responds in decreasing order at seasonal (winter/summer cycles, 52%), event (storms, 28%) and inter-annual scales. Whereas seasonal evolution is dominated by wave climate modulation, short-term evolution is influenced by tidal range and surf-zone sandbar characteristics. The influence of tide range and sandbars increases when timescale decreases. This is even more the case for the alongshore deformation of the shoreline which is dominated by short-term evolution. An EOF analysis reveals that the first mode of shoreline change time series is associated with cross-shore migration and explains 58% of the shoreline variability. The rest of the modes are associated to deformation which explain 42% of shoreline variability. 相似文献
99.
Viganò Luigi Casatta Nadia Farkas Anna Mascolo Giuseppe Roscioli Claudio Stefani Fabrizio Vitelli Matteo Olivo Fabio Clerici Laura Robles Pasquale Dellavedova Pierluisa 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(10):10729-10747
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sediment toxicity plays a fundamental role in the health of inland fish communities; however, the assessment of the hazard potential of contaminated... 相似文献