福州乌鸦咀泉电导率典型异常特征及机理初探

乌鸦咀泉电导率具有明显的夏高冬低年动态变化,如果受到构造应力变化的影响,一般会产生畸变,其异常特征:振荡的短临异常,在年变正常中局部出现转折或加速下降和上升,破年变异常。初步探讨水化异常机理,乌鸦咀泉电导率异常幅度和异常持续时间基本上能反映与震级大小成正比,与震中距成反比。     

福州乌鸦咀泉电导率典型异常特征及机理初探

乌鸦咀泉电导率具有明显的夏高冬低年动态变化，如果受到构造应力变化的影响，一般会产生畸变，其异常特征：振荡的短临异常，在年变正常中局部出现转折或加速下降和上升，破年变异常。初步探讨水化异常机理，乌鸦咀泉电导率异常幅度和异常持续时间基本上能反映与震级大小成正比，与震中距成反比。     

行道树对城市道路交通环境的响应研究

以南方常见的8种城市行道树作为研究对象,并以各自在远离城市道路交通环境生长的树种作为对照,对行道树及其对照样品叶片和树皮的重金属铅和镉、电导率、pH值、叶片伤斑率及叶片表皮结构气孔数等进行测定,以探讨不同树种对交通环境的响应.结果表明,与对照树种比较,行道树叶片和树皮能累积城市道路交通环境中的重金属铅和镉,其电导率和叶片的伤斑率增加,pH值下降.叶片气孔数的变化随树种不同有所差别,如阴香〔Cinnamomumbur-manii(Nees)〕等的叶片气孔数比对照少,而细叶榕(FicusmicrocarpaL.)等比对照多.根据行道树的生长状况及净化重金属的能力,8种供试植物中,白兰(MicheliaalbaDC.)和垂叶榕(FicusbenjaminaL.)最适合选作行道树,而阴香因其在交通环境中生长不良,净化效益差,不宜选作交通密集区的行道树种.图3表3参17     

水样电导率干扰因素的排除实验

针对电导率观测过程中可能遇到的各种影响观测质量的因素进行分析和探讨,通过各种条件实验,指出排除这些干扰的具体方法,从而提高电导率的观测质量。     

垃圾渗滤液处理中膜污染的防治

膜污染及其防治是影响膜系统运行效果的重要因素.对运行1年多的利用膜技术的垃圾渗滤液处理工程进行了研究,从预处理、膜污染结构与形态、膜清洗等方面,探讨了防治膜污染的措施.研究表明,调整进水pH、过滤、添加阻垢剂等预处理措施可减缓膜污染的发生;膜面污染层的主要成分是有机物,并含有Al、Si等的胶体物质以及Fe和Ca的化合物;先碱洗后酸洗的清洗效果好于先酸洗后碱洗.工程中采用先碱洗后酸洗的措施是可行的,清洗后产水量由13.8 L/(m2·h)提高至17.0 L/(m2·h),产水电导率由117 μS/cm降至45μS/cm,进水压力由4.60 MPa降至3.40 MPa.     

电导率的测定与质量监督工作

电导率、矿化度和总硬度密切相关。由此电导率的测定值可用来检验矿化度和总硬度测定值的准确性,加强质量控制,本文指出,电导率的测定应作为水样的首测项目。     

离子当量电导率对饮用水评价应用研究

根据科尔劳施离子独立运动定律(离子在溶液中的导电行为)研究了离子当量电导率对饮用水环境评价的可行性。同一条件下各水体当量计算电导准确地反映各种污染物的总量,并按照一定数学关系制定评价标准。文章通过对淮北市9口饮用水井的分析,结果满意。     

Validation of a conductometric bienzyme biosensor for the detection of proteins as marker of organic matter in river samples

This article describes a conductometric bi-layer based bienzyme biosensor for the detection of proteins as a marker of organic matter in rivers. Proteins were chosen to be used as indicators of urban pollution. The working mechanism of the bienzyme biosensor is based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins into several fractions (peptides and amino acids), which results in a local conductivity change depending of the concentration of proteins. In this work, we began with the optimization of biosensor response using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as standard protein. For this objective seven enzymatic biosensors were prepared: four enzymatic sensors with only one layer of enzyme (proteinase K, trypsin, pronase or protease X) and three other enzymatic sensors with two layers (first layer: membrane containing proteinase K; second layer: one of the three other enzymes: trypsin, pronase or protease X). The biosensors were obtained through the deposition of enzymatic layers and the cross-linking process between enzymes and BSA in saturated glutaraldehyde vapour. The response of the various biosensors, described previously, were compared with the values of total organic carbon (TOC), and those of organic nitrogen (Norg), as determined by the laboratory accredits (CEMAGREF of Lyon) using the traditional method of analysis (NF EN 1484, infrared spectroscopy) and (NF EN 25663, mineralization/colorimetry assay) respectively for each water sample obtained from di erent sites in Lyon (France). The linear correlations obtained with the response of the seven biosensors showed the most important indices of correlations for the biosensor with two enzymatic layers: proteinase K + pronase (pkp). The optimum conditions for the preparation of the pkp biosensor increased the sensitivity and gave a limit of quantification of 0.583 g/L for TOC and 0.218 g/L for Norg in water samples. This sensor shows good reproducibility (2.28%), a capacity to be used at temperatures range 10– 30°C (depending on the season) and moreover a long lifetime (5 weeks).     

两步法制备导电聚吡咯薄膜研究

在陶瓷基底上,先用化学方法,再用电化学方法两步聚合制备导电聚吡咯（PPy）薄膜。研究了施加电流和聚合时间对PPy导电薄膜电导率的影响,对比分析了两步聚合法和化学方法对PPy导电薄膜组织的影响,并对两步法在陶瓷和Al2O3基底上制备PPy导电薄膜的微观形貌进行了观察分析。结果表明,两步聚合方法制备的PPy导电薄膜的电导率随着施加电流的增大和聚合时间的增长而逐渐提高;两步法制备PPy导电薄膜的组织较仅用化学方法制备PPy导电薄膜的组织要致密连续;陶瓷基底上PPy薄膜较均匀,而Al2O3基底上PPy薄膜较疏松且不连续。     

SDBS胶束体系热力学性质的研究

文章选用十二烷基苯磺酸钠为研究对象,在(25±0.02)℃下,用Na+选择性电极法测量不同浓度的电动势(EMF),求出其临界胶束浓度(cmc)及反离子结合度,得出反离子与胶束结合的经验平衡常数Kass。在25～50℃范围内,每隔5℃电导率随温度的变化,求出对应温度下的cmc及其相应的一系列热力学参数。在实验温度范围内,吉布斯自由能均为负值,胶束化可以自发进行;焓变为正值,胶束化过程吸热,且属于熵驱动过程,有18.67%的T△micS0增加对胶束稳定性增加有贡献,以上特征参数的确定,可为研究表面活性剂溶液的各种应用以及处理技术提供重要参考。