用聚乙二醇酶化脱除废水中苯酚的最佳反应条件的研究

在苯酚浓度为１～１０ｍＭ（０．１～１．０ｇ／ｌ）的废水中，研究了聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）在辣极过氧化酶（ＨＲＰ）催化下，脱除苯酚的加入效果，为达到低成本高效率地以ＰＥＧ脱除苯酚的加入效果。为达到低在本高效率地以ＰＥＧ脱除苯酚，确定了在室温下的最佳ＰＨ值，ＰＥＧ浓度和Ｈ２Ｏ２与苯酚的摩尔比，同时还研究了ＰＥＧ和ＨＲＰ浓度与反应时间的关系，同时还研究了ＰＥＧ和ＨＲＰ浓度与反应时间的关系，在１ｍＭ和１０ｍＭ苯     

Response of antioxidase in viscera of Pagrosuma major larvae to water soluble fraction of hydrocarbons in No.0 diesel oil

Pagrosomus major larvae were to the water-soluble fraction of hydrocarbon in No.0 diesel oil(corresponding to No.2 fuel oil) at concentration of 0,0.17,1.22 and 8.82mg/L for up to 15 days.Larvae were sampled on days 9 and 15 of the experiment.Supernatants of viscera tissue extractions were assayed for biochemical response in terms of oxidative stress-superoxide dismutase(SOD),activity of selenium-dependant glutathione peroxidase(Se-GPx) and catalase(Ca),and the concentration of reduced glutathione(CSH).On day 9 of exposure ,statistically significant dose-related increases in Se-GPx and SOD activity,and GSH concentration were observed in all cases except for Se-GPx activity under the highest dosage of hydrocarbon.However,on day 15 of exposure, a similar dose-related in all cases except for Se-GPx activity under the highest dosage of hydrocarbon.However,on day 15 of exposure, a similar dose-related response was only observed for Se-GPx activity.GSH concentration decreased and SOD activity showed no statistical difference as compared to controls.However, a significant decrease in compared to day 9 Se-GPx activity and GSH concentration, in contrast to increase SOD activity at day 15 as indicates an accelerated accumulation of H2O2 and potential oxidative damage under long term exposure of larvae to hydrocarbons.No statistical changes were observed in Ca activity throughout the experiment, possibly owing to the high efficiency of Se-GPx.A recovery experiment was performed on indicating that the response of antioxidants measured tending to returm to return to their control levels.These results prove the function of the antioxidant defense system of the larvae to the water-soluble fraction of hydrocarbons in No.0 diesel oil.     

生物法净化有机污染物的酶反应动力学修正

以生化法处理有机污染物的系统为讨论对象 ,从底物负荷影响微生物生长的角度出发 ,通过对有机污染物负荷与生化反应速度之间的关系的分析 ,得出进口底物浓度的大小会影响生物反应器内微生物的量的多少 ,从而影响器内的生化反应速率的结论 ,并按照“稳定平衡”假说的设想 ,建立了修正的Michaelis -Menten公式     

酶电极法测有机磷农药

用戊二醛将胆碱脂酶和牛血清白蛋白共价交联到玻璃电极上，制成酶电极，除测底物乙酰胆碱外，还可测酶抑制剂—有机磷农药。各农药的检出限和线性范围与它对酶的抑制程度有关，表现出一定的选择性，辛硫磷的检测限是4．9×10-8mol／L，敌敌畏是5×10－7mol/L，叶蝉散是8．5×10－5mol/L，发现在20～45℃范围内温度对酶电极活性影响不大，电极寿命可达50天。     

甲基对硫磷降解菌DLL-1的发光酶基因标记及在土壤中的变化

采用三亲接合法成功地将携带有发光酶基因的pTR1 0 2转入了甲基对硫磷降解菌Pseudomonassp .DLL -1菌株中。获得的接合子在液体培养、固体培养过程中以及在土壤中其标记质粒非常稳定。标记质粒并没有给受体细胞的生长、降解甲基对硫磷的能力带来严重的影响。因此 ,将标记菌株DLL -1-B用于土壤生态研究是可行的。在土壤中 ,DLL -1 -B的数量在接种后最初 2天下降幅度较小 ,随后下降速度较快 ,但当下降到 1 0 3～ 1 0 4 g- 1时趋于稳定。DLL -1 -B在水中下降速度更快 ,存活时间更短。DLL -1 -B在旱地土壤中的移动性较差 ,大多存在于 0～ 1 0cm土壤中。在水田中 ,DLL -1 -B的移动性较好 ,2周后 ,2 0～ 3 0cm土壤中测得DLL -1 -B为 2× 1 0 2 g- 1。     

性畸变疣荔枝螺体内保护酶系统活力的研究

以疣荔枝螺（Thais clavigera）为研究材料，取不同程度性畸变雌性个体，以生存于同一生境中的雄性个体为对照，检测了性畸变个体与正常雌性和雄性超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、脂质过氧化物（LPO）及过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的差异，探讨TBT对性畸变个体SOD、LPO及CAT活性的影响。结果表明，疣荔枝螺性畸变程度愈严重，以上生化指标的差异愈明显，并呈现一定的规律性。     

染料降解菌的脱色特性,降解酶系及基因定位研究进展

本文分析了当前染料废水微生物降解优化势菌的降解效果及降解机制等，介绍了三种染料降解酶的催化要理和影响因素，阐明了某些降解菌中的质粒可以控制不同结构染料的脱色，最终指出了提高菌株应用价值的两种途径，一是筛选或构建出人有多功能性的超级菌；二是在不改变染料性质的前提下，向其分子结构中引入特定取代基团，以提高其生物降解性。     

泡沫镍负载纳米ZnO-SnO2光催化降解三氯乙烯

采用比较简单的共沉淀法技术制备了纳米ZnO-SnO2复合氧化物光催化剂,并将其负载在泡沫镍上制成了负载型纳米光催化剂,以三氯乙烯为挥发性有机物的模型反应物,研究了反应气流速、湿度等因素对反应的影响,同时考察了催化剂的失活特征,结果表明该负载型纳米光催化剂具有较高的光催化活性,同时具有较强的抗失活性能,在205h反应中没有出现失活现象．