首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   4800篇
  免费   563篇
  国内免费   3093篇
安全科学   302篇
废物处理   243篇
环保管理   590篇
综合类   4955篇
基础理论   884篇
环境理论   1篇
污染及防治   1163篇
评价与监测   192篇
社会与环境   110篇
灾害及防治   16篇
  2024年   4篇
  2023年   67篇
  2022年   174篇
  2021年   234篇
  2020年   232篇
  2019年   247篇
  2018年   214篇
  2017年   230篇
  2016年   290篇
  2015年   368篇
  2014年   448篇
  2013年   528篇
  2012年   569篇
  2011年   549篇
  2010年   418篇
  2009年   457篇
  2008年   331篇
  2007年   524篇
  2006年   502篇
  2005年   377篇
  2004年   282篇
  2003年   275篇
  2002年   185篇
  2001年   168篇
  2000年   150篇
  1999年   136篇
  1998年   87篇
  1997年   78篇
  1996年   54篇
  1995年   53篇
  1994年   51篇
  1993年   34篇
  1992年   28篇
  1991年   17篇
  1990年   8篇
  1989年   6篇
  1988年   10篇
  1987年   6篇
  1986年   9篇
  1984年   4篇
  1983年   3篇
  1982年   15篇
  1981年   4篇
  1980年   6篇
  1979年   5篇
  1978年   4篇
  1977年   2篇
  1974年   2篇
  1973年   3篇
  1971年   2篇
排序方式: 共有8456条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The loss of yields from agricultural production due to the presence of pests has been treated over the years with synthetic pesticides, but the use of these substances negatively affects the environment and presents health risks for consumers and animals. The development of agroecological systems using biopesticides represents a safe alternative that contributes to the reduction of agrochemical use and sustainable agriculture. Microalgae are able to biosynthesize a number of metabolites with potential biopesticidal action and can be considered potential biological agents for the control of harmful organisms to soils and plants. The present work aims to provide a critical perspective on the consequences of using synthetic pesticides, offering as an alternative the biopesticides obtained from microalgal biomass, which can be used together with the implementation of environmentally friendly agricultural systems.  相似文献   
2.
淮河支流污染物综合降解系数动态测算   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9  
确定河流污染物综合降解系数动态变化规律对提高水环境容量测算精度和水环境管理具有重要意义。通过现场模拟法,采用一维稳态模型测算了淮河支流洪河五沟营-塔桥乡河段COD、氨氮和总磷在枯水期、平水期和丰水期的综合降解系数,COD、氨氮和总磷降解系数在各水期的关系为枯水期平水期丰水期,提出了建议值并利用实测浓度对计算结果进行了检验,结果表明,不同水期综合降解系数吻合情况较好。  相似文献   
3.
Although most research has focussed on inorganic nutrient forms of nitrate (NO-3) and phosphorus (PO34) in runoff and receiving waters, nitrogen loss from agricultural land can also occur in organic and ammonium-nitrogen form; phosphorus losses, although often dominated by particulate transport, may occur in soluble organic and inorganic form. Furthermore, fluxes between different species may take place during transport from the land to the stream and as a result of in-stream, in-river or in-lake transformations. Knowledge of the spatial and temporal variation in all nitrogen species and phosphorus fractions in a drainage basin is therefore essential if the wider environmental significance of elevated nutrient concentrations in natural waters are to be assessed. This paper reviews recent work on N and P losses from agricultural land and presents some results from two intensive agricultural catchments: Slapton, Devon and the river Windrush catchment in the Cotswolds.  相似文献   
4.
长江流域的昆虫病毒资源及其开发利用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在长江流域已发现约130种昆虫病毒,其中多数属杆状病毒科。昆虫病毒作为杀虫剂在本地区广泛应用,防治棉花、森林、茶树、蔬菜和牧草上的害虫,克服了化学农药的一些缺点,取得了良好的生态效益和经济效益。近年来还进行了杆状病毒表达载体的研究,该系统的研制已用于高水平表达具有生物活性的外源基因产物,获得医药产品,或者组建更有效的基因工程病毒杀虫剂。  相似文献   
5.
6.
One of the methods to diminish the internal phosphorus (P) loading is inactivation of P by aluminum (Al). After addition of Al to lake water an Al(OH)3 floc is formed, which settles to the bottom and initially form a lid on the sediment surface. The effects of Chironomus plumosus larvae on sediment nutrient fluxes and P binding-sites in the sediment after addition of Al were tested. C. plumosus larvae were added to sediment cores in which sediment–water fluxes of nutrients were measured four times. After one month, the sediment was sectioned with depth and P fractions were measured by sequential chemical extraction. The chironomids created burrows through the Al layer which caused a significantly increased efflux of P from the Al treated sediment, because the P had only limited contact to the added Al. The chironomids also affected the P fractions in the sediment by their bioturbating activity. Thus, they caused increased Al concentrations in the upper part of the Al treated sediment. This created an enhanced contact between Al and P in the upper 7 cm of the sediment and, as a result, an increased binding of P to Al and a lowered porewater P. The DIP efflux is therefore expected to be lowered after the initial phase. Al had no effects on the nitrogen fluxes, but the chironomids enhanced the release, and decreased the release or increased the uptake by the sediments.  相似文献   
7.
New experimental data on biological productivity of plant communities in oligotrophic and mesotrophic bogs of the middle taiga subzone over the past five years are presented. The relationship between net primary production and the stock of live phytomass is estimated. The stock of necromass in oligotrophic bog ecosystems increases from west to east, while the stock of live phytomass and net primary production decrease.  相似文献   
8.
优势菌的筛选及其强化活性污泥好氧反硝化的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用含活性污泥提取物的贫培养基筛选SBR系统中的好氧异养优势菌。结合自然温度(15~20℃)、延长培养时间等条件来提高菌群的可培养性。从SBR活性污泥系统中分离出5种细菌。4株去除COD优势菌,1株异养硝化细菌,能在好氧条件下实现对总氮的去除。反应池底采用边缘对称曝气,反应池内细菌在时间顺序和空间位置上循环经历好氧过程及微氧过程。将PVA铝盐法固定的细菌对反应器进行生物强化。结果显示,在好氧工艺的条件下,投加优势菌群后,与未加优势菌群的反应器相比,可以显著改善污泥的沉降性能,COD、NH3-N和TN降解率显著提高,分别达到98%、97%和90%。生物强化作用明显,反应器内具有良好的好氧反硝化环境。  相似文献   
9.
环境质量评价的生物方法研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
环境质量的生物评价是以生物对环境污染的表现为基础的.环境质量评价的生物方法包括环境指示生物的选择,环境质量生物评价指标的确定和环境质量分类等3个步骤.论述了环境污染的生物表现,提出了选择环境指示生物的原则,给出了环境质量生物评价的3类指标,建立了环境质量4级分类体系.  相似文献   
10.
BACKGROUND: The Yangtze Delta is one of the most developed regions in China and includes Shanghai, eight cities in Jiangsu province and eight cities in Zhejiang province. Meat consumption in this region has increased with economic growth, and most of the consumed meat is produced locally. The water quality of surface waters has deteriorated in recent years. An example was the huge blue-green algae bloom in Tai Lake in late May 2007, which affected millions of people's daily drinking water. However, animal husbandry is considered to be one of the main pollution sources. METHODS: Pollutants (NH3-N, total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN)) excreted by livestock and poultry, and the resultant COD (chemical oxygen demand) and BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), were estimated using two different methods based on different data sets. RESULTS: The number of livestock and poultry has remained stable in the Yangtze Delta over the four years from 1999 to 2002, with the average number of pigs, cattle, sheep and poultry being 21.1 M, 0.4 M, 7.7 M and 597.6 M, respectively. Pollutants in livestock and poultry excreta estimated by Method I were: 0.12 Mt NH3-N, 0.11 Mt TP and 0.29 Mt TN, resulting in COD and BOD of 1.34 Mt and 1.30 Mt, respectively, while the estimations based on Method II were: 0.18 Mt NH3-N, 0.15 Mt TP and 0.40 Mt TN, resulting in COD and BOD of 1.95 Mt and 1.80 Mt, respectively. DISCUSSION: Pollutants excreted annually by livestock and poultry in the Yangtze Delta are estimated to be: 0.17 Mt NH3-N, 0.16 Mt TP and 0.42 Mt TN, giving rise to a COD of 1.86 Mt and a BOD of 1.72 Mt. Approximately 25% of this pollution was estimated to enter water bodies, which means that the annual pollutant load is 43,700 t NH3-N, 39,400 tTP, 104,600t TN with a COD of 465,000 tand a BOD of 430,100 t. Pollutants from animal husbandry were similar in magnitude to those from industrial wastewater. Pigs produced the most pollution, followed by poultry, cattle and sheep. The pollution load from animal husbandry in the Yangtze Delta is about twice the average level of the whole of China. CONCLUSIONS: Domestic wastewater was the main pollution source in the Yangtze Delta, followed by pollution from raising livestock and poultry and from industrial wastewater. The pollution load in Shanghai and Jiaxing were the greatest, followed by 7 cities of Jiangsu province (except Suzhou) and other cities of Zhejiang province and Suzhou. Pigs and poultry produced about 90% of the total pollutants from animal husbandry. RECOMMENDATIONS AND PERSPECTIVES: The local governments, especially in Shanghai and Jiaxing, should focus their attention on the pollution produced by livestock and poulrry. Controlling pollution from pigs and poultry will have the greatest impact in this region. Control of pollution will be facilitated by the development of large-scale livestock and poultry farming units and a shift away from small scale husbandry.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号