1.5t、3t电弧炉烟尘治理

针对1.5 t、3 t电弧炉在烟尘治理时场地狭小的特点,采用可折叠式收尘罩与低压长袋脉冲袋式除尘器技术进行治理.测试表明,系统运行可靠,烟尘治理效果良好,工厂车间环境取得显著改善,岗位粉尘浓度、烟尘排放浓度均达到国家规定的标准.     

Detection of transfluthrin and metofluthrin genotoxicity in the ST cross of the Drosophila Wing Spot Test

In this study, different concentrations of transfluthrin and metofluthrin have been assayed for genotoxicity by using the Wing Spot Test on Drosophila melanogaster. Standard cross was used in the experiment. Third-instar larvae that were trans-heterozygous for the two genetic markers mwh and flr³ were treated at different concentrations (0.0103 mg mL⁻¹, 0.103 mg mL⁻¹ for transfluthrin and 6 μg mL⁻¹, 60 μg mL⁻¹ for metofluthrin) of the test compounds. Feeding ended with pupation of the surviving larvae and the genetic changes induced in somatic cells of the wing’s imaginal discs lead to the formation of mutant clones on the wing blade. Results indicated that two experimental concentrations of transfluthrin and 60 μg mL⁻¹ metofluthrin showed mutagenic and recombinogenic effects in both the marker-heterozygous (MH) flies and the balancer-heterozygous (BH) flies.     

蝉中汞含量及其分布特征研究

研究了葫芦岛氯碱-有色冶金化工区蝉汞、膜翅汞及蝉蜕汞的含量,比较了蝉与其它昆虫汞含量的差异,探讨了汞在蝉体内的分布特征.结果表明,蝉汞含量很高,平均值为2.64 mg.kg-1,远高于对照点地区蝉汞含量(平均为1.00 mg.kg-1);蝉中汞的分布特征为蝉汞膜翅汞(平均为0.98 mg.kg-1)蝉蜕(平均为0.50 mg.kg-1);不同性别蝉体质量、汞含量存在显著差异,雌性蝉体质量(平均为1.11 g)显著高于雄性(平均为0.54 g);雌性蝉汞含量(平均为1.34 mg.kg-1)要显著低于雄性汞含量(平均为3.38 mg.kg-1);不同采样点中蝉汞含量差异明显,但是膜翅汞含量差异较小;蝉汞含量与土壤汞含量之间不存在显著的相关关系.蝉汞含量低于生命周期较长的蜻蜓汞含量,但是却远高于生命周期较短的其它昆虫,反映了环境汞污染在长生命周期昆虫的累积效应.     

车辆悬架螺旋弹簧断裂失效行为研究

目的 判定车辆悬架螺旋弹簧失效的原因,提出改进措施.方法 通过分析和测试其化学成分、氢含量、非金属夹杂物、力学性能、金相组织、断口形貌等,研究车辆悬架螺旋弹簧的失效行为.结果 试件弯曲变形内侧的剪切应力值最大,容易引起应力集中.材料最后断裂区为韧窝和沿晶的混合断裂,且断后伸长率偏低.喷丸并未完全去除脱碳层及表层的其他原始缺陷,表层形成疲劳缺陷的可能性增高.喷丸造成螺旋弹簧表层存在较深的凹坑,凹坑边缘形成明显凸起棱边,引起应力集中,且材料表层存在折叠缺陷.在循环应力作用下,凹坑处折叠缺陷端部首先成为裂纹萌生点,在循环应力作用下,裂纹持续扩展,最终疲劳断裂.结论 减小钢丸粒径,降低喷丸压力,以避免过深的凹坑及尖锐的凸起棱边,并适当增加喷丸过程的表层去除深度;调整热处理工艺,适度降低材料强度、提高韧性,使断后伸长率大于10％.改进轧制工艺,消除材料的折叠缺陷,加强材料缺陷检测.     

铁路危险品运输系统单因素耦合风险折叠突变及控制机理研究

为研究铁路危险品运输系统受人、机、物、环、管单因素耦合风险的影响，分别建立了各单因素耦合风险折叠突变模型，采用1985—2016年中国发生的铁路危险品运输事故统计数据分析模型，显示出人的单因素耦合风险突变对于铁路危险品运输系统的影响最大，其次是管、机、物、环因素。基于此分别建立了含系统内部风险防御阻尼控制系数和外部影响因素幅值调节系数的杜芬震荡分叉响应方程研究单因素耦合风险控制机理，研究结果表明:随着系统内部阻尼不断增强，或是外部影响幅值得到控制，铁路危险品运输系统都将不再产生折叠突变，系统将变得更加稳定、安全。     

某型飞机机翼下壁板整体油箱端5肋结构选型疲劳寿命研究

目的研究某型飞机机翼下壁板整体油箱端5肋结构的选型疲劳寿命。方法在结构选型设计时初步确定长桁连续和长桁断开两种结构形式的基础上,采用静力试验与疲劳试验方法对这两种结构模拟件进行对比试验验证。结果两种结构模拟件的静破坏载荷分别为588.20 k N和587.97 k N,与设计预计破坏载荷(590k N)高度一致。在相同的等幅载荷谱下,长桁连续结构的中值疲劳寿命和95%置信度与95%可靠度下的疲劳寿命分别约为长桁断开结构的1.7倍和4倍。长桁连续结构的疲劳分散性明显小于长桁断开结构。长桁连续结构的疲劳断口主要呈现脆性穿晶疲劳断裂特征;而长桁断开疲劳断口则呈现出韧窝型断裂和解理断裂的混合型穿晶疲劳断裂特征。疲劳断口微观形貌表明,长桁断开结构在疲劳过程中产生了塑性变形,这就从微观机理上解释了长桁连续结构的疲劳性能优于长桁断开结构的原因。结论在结构质量相近的情况下,长桁连续结构明显优于长桁断开结构。     

Simulation of transport and composition changes during a blocking episode over the East Atlantic and North Europe

Transport of atmospheric trace gases during a blocking event in the troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) in August 1997 is studied. Considering the frequency of such events it is obvious that they play a significant role for climate and air chemistry and thus the atmospheric environment. The event has been selected because a unique set of composition observations carried out by the CRISTA (Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere) instrument in the UTLS was available for the period of blocking. The regional European Atmospheric Dispersion (EURAD) model system was used for a detailed analysis focusing on ozone and CFC 11 (CFCl₃, Freon) distributions and their temporal and spatial variability. The combination of the CRISTA data and a regional transport chemistry model enabled a unique analysis of transport behaviour of a blocking. This developed an Ω-structure with a deep cut-off low at the western flank of the blocking high and a trough with highly perturbed trace gas fields on the eastern side. Tropopause heights varied intensively and were bended down to rather low levels in the cut-off low and folds appearing in the eastern trough. Results of artificial tracer experiments are presented which show that polluted air from lower tropospheric levels and – in this case – lower latitudes as well as the North American continent may be lifted up to the UTLS in the anticyclonic part of the Ω-block and transported from there over large distances in streamers. Quasi-periodic variations of CFC 11 flux divergence indicate dynamical coupling of the different domains of the block.     

一种优化的地铁站消声器

空调系统中大功率风机产生的噪声是地铁站主要的噪声污染源。对地铁站工作人员和乘客及地铁站周围居民的生活环境影响非常严重 ,在此介绍一种优化的地铁站消声器 ,比传统消声器易于安装 ,消声效果好 ,成本低 ,在广州地铁站环控系统应用中一次达标 ,效果良好。     

前寒武纪褶皱之地球物理学研究

通过乌克兰地盾地磁异常与地质调查结果的拟合确定基底一种新的褶皱类型--断裂性褶皱.已经表明,剪褶皱机制是上叠构造中形成褶皱的原因.建议利用地质--地球物理综合方法来研究前寒武纪互相交切的褶皱.     

消防卷帘门电机相位自动调节及保护系统

利用继电器及电容等简单元件设计的一个电机电源相序自动调节装置，保证电源以顺向的固定模式输向电机。