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排序方式: 共有107条查询结果,搜索用时 312 毫秒
1.
Pham Thanh-Luu Tran Thi Hoang Yen Shimizu Kazuya Li Qintong Utsumi Motoo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(45):63544-63557
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Toxic cyanobacterial blooms (TCBs) have become a growing concern worldwide. The present study investigated the dynamic of toxic cyanobacteria and... 相似文献
2.
Adi Setyo Purnomo Surya Rosa Putra Kuniyoshi Shimizu Ryuichiro Kondo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(19):11305-11312
The ability of certain white-rot fungi (WRF) inocula to transform heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide and its application in artificially contaminated soil were investigated. Fungal inoculum of Pleurotus ostreatus eliminated approximately 89 % of heptachlor after 28 days of incubation, and chlordene was detected as the primary metabolite. The fungal inoculum of Pleurotus ostreatus had the highest ability to degrade heptachlor epoxide; approximately 32 % were degraded after 28 days of incubation, and heptachlor diol was detected as the metabolite product. Because Pleurotus ostreatus transformed heptachlor into a less toxic metabolite and could also effectively degrade heptachlor epoxide, it was then selected to be applied to artificially contaminated soil. The spent mushroom waste (SMW) of Pleurotus ostreatus degraded heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide by approximately 91 and 26 %, respectively, over 28 days. This finding indicated that Pleurotus ostreatus SMW could be used to bioremediate heptachlor- and heptachlor epoxide-contaminated environments. 相似文献
3.
Motoyuki Sugano Akihiro Komatsu Masanori Yamamoto Mika Kumagai Takayuki Shimizu Katsumi Hirano Kiyoshi Mashimo 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2009,11(1):27-31
Most landfilled plastic waste is a mixture or is in the form of composites with incombustible wastes such as glass, metals,
and ceramics. After hydrothermal treatment, including a steam-explosion process, the separation of mixed waste (MW) into organic
and inorganic substances becomes easy. However, the effect of hydrothermal pretreatment on the subsequent liquefaction of
organic substances from MW is not obvious. In this study, the effects on the liquefaction of polystyrene and high-density
polyethylene are discussed. Moreover, optimum conditions for the liquefaction of organic substances from hydrothermally treated
MW are identified. By means of this hydrothermal pretreatment, including the steam-explosion process, polystyrene and high-density
polyethylene can be significantly converted to oil by liquefaction at 300°–400°C. In comparison with liquefaction of hydrothermally
pretreated mixed waste (HMW) at 300°–400°C with a batch type reactor, the yield of oil increases significantly on liquefaction
using a semi-batch type reactor. It is considered that the radical chain and termination reactions among the radicals from
HMW were inhibited in the semi-batch type reactor. On liquefaction of HMW in a semi-batch reactor, the conversion of HMW to
oil was enhanced on increasing the liquefaction temperature to 350°C and the holding time to 60 min.
Chemical Feedstock Recycling & Other Innovative Recycling Techniques 6 相似文献
4.
Takashi Yamamoto Atsushi Ohara Yukio Noma Katsushi Nishizawa Akio Yasuhara Shin-ichi Sakai 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2007,9(2):188-193
The photodegradation of tetraphenyltin (TePT) contained in polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-based transformer oil simulants
by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in alkaline 2-propanol solutions was examined. In the absence of PCBs, the TePT level fell
to below 1% of the initial concentration within 30 min. In the absence of both PCBs and an alkali, the concentrations of tri-,
di-, and monophenyltins initially increased to a few milligrams per liter, and then reduced to below the detection limits
within 90 min. The addition of an alkali to the reaction solution slightly accelerated the photodecomposition of TePT. The
decomposition of other phenyltins (PTs) was also accelerated. When PCBs with concentrations of approximately 80 times the
initial TePT concentration were added, only a small fraction of the TePT decomposed within 100 min. Moreover, the levels of
PTs did not change during irradiation. TePT and other PTs did decompose when the level of PCBs was reduced to the same concentration
as that of TePT; however, the decomposition rates were slower than those in the absence of PCBs. In the actual treatment process,
TePT and other PTs in PCB-based transformer oil are decomposed by catalytic reduction, which is used after UV irradiation.
Therefore, in the actual treatment of PCB-based transformer oil wastes, pollution due to PTs can be prevented. 相似文献
5.
The structure was investigated of the mercapturic acid excreted in urine of rats after the i.p. administration of 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene. Of the two regioisomeric mercapturic acids, i.e. N-acetyl-S-(2,3-dimethylbenzyl)-L-cysteine and N-acetyl-S-(2,6-dimethyl-benzyl)-L-cysteine, only the former was isolated by preparative HPLC and identified, by comparison with an authentic specimen. The excretion rate of the mercapturate was estimated to be approximately 5% of dose, not a substantial metabolic route. 相似文献
6.
The leaching behavior of dioxins from landfill containing bottom ash and fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration has been investigated by leaching tests with pure water, non-ionic surfactant solutions, ethanol solutions, or acetic acid solutions as elution solvents for a large-scale cylindrical column packed with ash. Larger amounts of dioxins were eluted from both bottom ash and fly ash with ethanol solution and acetic acid solution than with pure water. Large quantities of dioxins were leached from fly ash but not bottom ash by non-ionic surfactant solutions. The patterns of distribution of the dioxin congeners in the leachates were very similar to those in the bottom ash or fly ash from which they were derived. 相似文献
7.
Detection of dicofol and related pesticides in human breast milk from China, Korea and Japan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fujii Y Haraguchi K Harada KH Hitomi T Inoue K Itoh Y Watanabe T Takenaka K Uehara S Yang HR Kim MY Moon CS Kim HS Wang P Liu A Hung NN Koizumi A 《Chemosphere》2011,82(1):25-31
Previously, we demonstrated that the concentrations of DDTs were greater in breast milk collected from Chinese mothers than from Japanese and Korean mothers. To investigate dicofol as a possible source of the DDTs in human breast milk, we collected breast milk samples from 2007 to 2009 in China (Beijing), Korea (Seoul, Busan) and Japan (Sendai, Takarazuka and Takayama). Using these breast milk samples, we quantified the concentrations of dichlorobenzophenone, a pyrolysis product of dicofol (simply referred to as dicofol hereafter), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs) using GC-MS. Overall, 12 of 14 pooled breast milk samples from 210 mothers contained detectable levels of dicofol (>0.1 ng g−1 lipid). The geometric mean concentration of dicofol in the Japanese breast milk samples was 0.3 ng g−1 lipid and significantly lower than that in Chinese (9.6 ng g−1 lipid) or Korean breast milk samples (1.9 ng g−1 lipid) (p < 0.05 for each). Furthermore, the ΣDDT levels in breast milk from China were 10-fold higher than those from Korea and Japan. The present results strongly suggest the presence of extensive emission sources of both dicofol and DDTs in China. However, exposure to dicofol cannot explain the large exposure of Chinese mothers to DDTs because of the trace levels of dicofol in the ΣDDTs. In the present study, dicofol was confirmed to be detectable in human breast milk. This is the first report to identify dicofol in human samples. 相似文献
8.
Historical and geographical aspects of the increasing perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctane sulfonate contamination in human serum in Japan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Harada K Koizumi A Saito N Inoue K Yoshinaga T Date C Fujii S Hachiya N Hirosawa I Koda S Kusaka Y Murata K Omae K Shimbo S Takenaka K Takeshita T Todoriki H Wada Y Watanabe T Ikeda M 《Chemosphere》2007,66(2):293-301
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) have recently received attention due to their widespread contamination in the environment, as well as in wildlife and humans. We measured the PFOS and PFOA concentrations in historically recorded human serum samples at an age range between 20 and 59 years collected in Kyoto, 20 persons per each time point (n=100), and also the PFOS and PFOA concentrations in human serum samples at an age range between 20 and 59 years from 10 locations throughout Japan (n=200). The historical samples collected from 1983 to 1999 demonstrated that the PFOA concentrations in males and females from Kyoto have increased 4.4-fold and 4.3-fold at a rate of increase of 0.49 ng/ml/year and 0.42 ng/ml/year, respectively. In contrast, serum concentrations of PFOS reached a plateau in the late 1980s. There are also regional differences in both the PFOS and PFOA serum concentrations. The concentrations in serum [geometric mean (geometric standard deviation)] (ng/ml) in 2003-2004 ranged from 7.6(1.6) in the town of Matsuoka in Fukui prefecture to 27.8(1.6) in Kyoto city, and ranged from 2.3(1.5) in Matsuoka to 14.5(1.3) in Osaka city for PFOS and PFOA, respectively. 相似文献
9.
10.
Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC; polymer of 1,1-dichloroethylene) was combusted with paper in a well-controlled, small-scale incinerator at an average grate temperature of 700 °C, and then dioxins (PCDDs, PCDFs, and coplanar-PCBs) formed in the exhaust gases were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. PVDC lowered the combustion temperature due to its less flammable character. The amount of total dioxins (PCDDs + PCDFs + coplanar-PCBs) formed in the exhaust gas was 58.0 ng/g of a combustion sample and its toxicity equivalency quantity (TEQ) value was 0.64 ng-TEQ/g. The amount of PCDDs formed in the sample ranged from 2.33 ng/g (Cl8-isomer) to 0.048 ng/g (Cl1-isomer). The lower the number of chloride, the less production of PCDDs. On the other hand, there was no relation between the number of chloride and PCDF formation. The amount of PCDFs formed in the sample ranged from 8.02 ng/g (Cl2-isomer) to 4.46 ng/g (Cl8-isomer). A polyvinylchloride (PVC) sample produced 207 ng/g of total dioxins and a PVDC sample produced 57.4 ng/g of total dioxins when they were combusted under the same conditions. An approximately equal composition of dioxin isomers was formed from PVDC and PVC samples. Paper was found to contribute to PCDF formation when it was combusted with plastics. 相似文献