NOx attenuation in flue gas by •OH/SO4•--based advanced oxidation processes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The combustion of fossil fuels has resulted in rapidly increasing emissions of nitrogen oxide (NOx), which has caused serious human health and...     

南京市郊农业生态系统建设与发展

南京市处于长江流域下游，是我国重要的农业生产基地，也是全国经济发达地区之一。它既有近郊的蔬菜生产，又有远郊的粮食作物种植，农田生态类型与农、牧、副的复合生态类型多种多样，而且其生产潜力很大。本文对南京市郊生态系统的建设进行分析研究，并着重探讨生态系统建设模式及土地合理利用，为建立合理的南京市郊区农业生态系统提供依据。     

基于区域环境空气质量和碳排放数据的减污降碳协同效果评估

化石燃料燃烧产生的温室气体与大气污染物具有同根同源性,但具体治理中减污降碳的协同效果尚不明确。以浙江省11个设区市为研究样本,对环境空气质量和二氧化碳(CO₂)排放数据进行分析研究,结果显示：2016—2020年浙江省环境空气质量持续改善,但CO₂排放总量仍处于增长阶段。11个设区城市PM_2.5年均浓度降幅在26%～41%之间,二氧化氮(NO₂)年均浓度下降趋势不明显,大部分城市呈现碳排放增加、NO₂浓度下降的特征,只有杭州和温州两市呈现碳排放总量和NO₂、PM_2.5浓度协同下降的趋势。因子相关性分析结果表明,各设区市呈现NO₂浓度与碳排放相关性较大、协同性强,PM_2.5浓度与碳排放相关性较小的特点。进一步通过减污降碳协同定量评价分析表明,浙江地区在环境空气质量改善和温室气体减排已表现出一定成效,但各设区市因产业结构、环境基础条件、协同程度等不同导致减污降碳综合绩效有明显差异。从源头减排实现...     

中小型制革企业综合废水处理工程的设计与应用

采用载体固体床为主要处理单元，辅以高效混凝剂处理中小型制革综合废水，工程运行表明：在进水CODcr,SS,S^2-，总铬的平均浓度在762mg/L,732mg/L,31mg/L,15mg/L的条件下，排水中的CODcr,SS,S^2-，总铬平均浓度为129mg/L,95mg/L,0.47mg/L,0.8mg/L。处理后的水质达到了GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》中的Ⅱ级标准。     

民用运输机场安检系统风险影响因素研究*

为提高民用运输机场安检系统风险管理水平，提出机场安检系统风险辨识模型，基于流程分析的方法确定机场安检的关键岗位，对各关键岗位中的不安全事件运用假设故障类型分析得出各岗位的风险因素；从人-机-环-管对风险因素进行归纳总结，建立民用运输机场安检系统风险影响因素集。提出DEMATEL-ISM风险集成模型分析安检系统风险影响因素的相互关系及层次结构。结果表明:通过模型的影响度计算得出，社会局势对机场安检系统风险影响最大、安检员的服务态度最易受其他因素的影响；通过模型的多层递阶解释结构计算得出，社会局势、安检作业环境、安检员薪酬制度和晋升制度是机场安检系统风险的根源影响因素。集成模型有效分析机场安检系统风险影响因素及其重要性和层次结构，可为机场安检系统风险的有效管理提供依据。     

Pretreatment of cyanided tailings by catalytic ozonation with Mn2+/O3

The increasing amount of cyanided tailings produced as a by-product has gained significant attention in recent years because of the rapid development of the gold industry and extensive exploitation of gold mineral resources. The effective use of these secondary resources is becoming an important and urgent problem for all environmental protection staff. Manganese-catalyzed ozonation for the pre-oxidation of cyanided tailings was studied and the effects of Mn²⁺ dosage, initial sulfuric acid concentration, ozone volume flow, temperature and agitation speed on pretreatment were examined. The optimum reaction conditions were observed to be: ore pulp density 2.5%, agitation speed 700 r/min, temperature 60 ℃, Mn²⁺ dosage 40 g/L, ozone volume flow 80 L/hr, initial sulfuric acid concentration 1 mol/L, and reaction time 6 hr. Under these conditions, the leaching rate of Fe and weight loss could reach 94.85% and 48.89% respectively. The leaching process of cyanided tailings by Mn²⁺/O³ was analyzed, and it was found that the leaching of pyrite depends on synergetic oxidation by high-valent manganese and O³, in which the former played an important part.     

Profiling the ionome of rice and its use in discriminating geographical origins at the regional scale, China

Element profile was investigated for their use to trace the geographical origin of rice (Oryza sativa L.) samples. The concentrations of 13 elements (calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), boron (B), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), and cadmium (Cd)) were determined in the rice samples by inductively coupled plasma optical emission and mass spectrometry. Most of the essential elements for human health in rice were within normal ranges except for Mo and Se. Mo concentrations were twice as high as those in rice from Vietnam and Spain. Meanwhile, Se concentrations were three times lower in the whole province compared to the Chinese average level of 0.088 mg/kg. About 12% of the rice samples failed the Chinese national food safety standard of 0.2 mg/kg for Cd. Combined with the multi-elemental profile in rice, the principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant function analysis (DFA) and Fibonacci index analysis (FIA) were applied to discriminate geographical origins of the samples. Results indicated that the FIA method could achieve a more effective geographical origin classification compared with PCA and DFA, due to its efficiency in making the grouping even when the elemental variability was so high that PCA and DFA showed little discriminatory power. Furthermore, some elements were identified as the most powerful indicators of geographical origin: Ca, Ni, Fe and Cd. This suggests that the newly established methodology of FIA based on the ionome profile can be applied to determine the geographical origin of rice.     

基于LID理念的灰绿基础设施生态耦合设计实证研究

以"低影响开发(LID)"为视角通过灰绿基础设施的生态耦合,应用到陕西岐山县袁家村湿塘修复设计中.探讨解决雨洪问题灰绿基础设施各自优势,以及两者的生态耦合方法.不仅考虑了传统的水环境治理而且扩展到水生态以及水景观,提出了综合水环境解决方案.为创建兼具生态服务功能和人文审美功能的农村水生态修复提供一条思路,丰富海绵城市设计体系的研究.为创建兼具生态服务功能和人文审美功能的农村水生态修复提供一条思路,丰富海绵城市设计体系的研究.     

热带气旋"碧利斯"与"派比安"灾害成因对比分析

2006年,对广西间接影响的第4号强热带风暴"碧利斯"和正面袭击的第6号台风"派比安",共造成直接经济损失42亿元,占广西全年所有气象灾害造成的直接经济损失的50%。对比分析"碧利斯"与"派比安"的灾害特点与成因,从而可引发对防御措施的思考。     

粉煤灰深度处理低浓度的磷

为了探讨低浓度磷吸附的方法,比较了粉煤灰、煤质活性炭和粉煤灰碎砖块颗粒这3种价廉易得的吸附材料的除磷效果。经对比确定以粉煤灰为吸附剂,研究了反应时间、粉煤灰投加量以及溶液p H对深度除磷效果的影响。同时为了解粉煤灰高效除磷原理,利用SEM和XRD对其表面形状、所含元素及其内部结构进行了表征。结果表明,粉煤灰比煤质活性碳和粉煤灰砖砖块颗粒的除磷效果更好,去除率高达98.9%;SEM和XRD表征结果显示,由于粉煤灰表面积较大、表面能高、含有Si—O—Si和Si—O—Al—O偶极键及铝、铁和钙的氧化物,使得粉煤灰对低浓度的磷有着高效的去除率;吸附磷后的粉煤灰表面形成了一层絮状物,经EDS分析显示其组成以钙磷沉淀为主;1 g粉煤灰对1 mg/L的磷酸盐溶液在p H=10、反应时间60 min时表现出最佳吸附性能。