金属加工过程中应力状态的分析方法

分析简单地拉伸、压缩和扭转的情况时,应力状态能容易地被确定.但是,实际上在金属加工过程中材料是承受复杂的应力状态,在模具——工件接触面上增加有摩擦力.而且,这些应力和摩擦力一般地沿着接触面变化.准确的计算或预测载荷、力、应力和温度,不但对设计适宜的设备是重要的,而且对研究工艺期间材料的变化过程也是重要的.本文将讨论材料变形过程中所运用的主要分析方法及其优缺点.     

圆形烟道烟尘采样点位置确定之正误

采样点位置的确定是烟尘测试中的一项基础工作。在全国沿用10多年的确定圆形圆形烟道烟尘采样点位置的计算表中的数据,经验算有60％有误;原来以烟道中心为基准的计算公式虽然正确,但实用性差。为了进一步完善烟气测试理论,提高监测质量,提出以烟道内壁为基准的新计算公式。运用新、旧2种计算公式得到一致的计算结果—新计算表,进一步证实了原计算表中的错误。     

A study on the interactions among several plant secondary compounds and aphids

The research, focused on the specific interactions among seven plant secondary compounds and aphids, was carried out and the preliminary results showed: (1) "T-typed tube method" was regarded as the best method compared with others designed to observe the interactions. (2) Cabbage aphid was able to be attracted by laurolene while it was not susceptible to α-pinene, β-pinene and diamylene. (3) Gossypol, a major secondary substance in cotton, was able to be implicated as feeding attractant to cotton aphid. (4) Rutin might be implicated repellent to cotton aphid.     

Occurrence and congeners specific of poiychlorinated biphenyls in agricultural soils from Southern Jiangsu, China

A total of 198 agricultural soil samples were collected from Zhangjiagang and Changshu in Southern Jiangsu for analysis of 13 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in order to assess the levels of pollution, sources, area distribution, and potential risk for the environment. All methods were rigorously tested and an adequate quality control was ensured. Only one site had no PCBs residues, and the highest total PCBs concentration in the surface soils was 32.83 ng/g. The average concentration in all the soil samples was 4.13 ng/g, signaling low-level pollution. Tetra-, penta-, and hexa-chlorinated biphenyls were dominant species in soil samples, accounting for more than 75% ofΣPCBs in the soil samples. PCB118 was the most abundant congener in all the samples. The PCB118 was about 20% ofΣPCBs. The soil organic matter content showed only a weak correlation with the levels of all PCB congeners, in which a better correlation was noted for the more volatile lighter PCB congeners than for the heavier homologues. To a certain extent, the sources and land use seemed to influence the levels of PCBs.     

楔横轧模具的铣削加工及其机床设计

根据楔横轧模具孔型及其加工成形的特点,对楔横轧模具大面积大螺距楔形提出了一种简单高效的铣削加工方法,并设计制造了楔横轧轧辊模具孔型加工专用机床——SDM机床。新设计的SDM机床投资小,可以加工直径为φ620 mm～φ1000mm的轧辊模具,加工导程最大可达469 mm,加工周期短,成本低,且大大降低了工人劳动强度。     

圆杯—多边形杆复合挤压的上限研究

此文采用三次多项式表示的流线速度场和基元圆环技术相结合的混合流动模型对国杯—多边形截面杆型复合挤压进行了上限分析,得到挤压力的上限解,分析了杆部截面形状对复合挤压分流点位置及变形力的影响规律并对理论计算进行了实验验证.     

ASM1中废水和污泥组分浓度的测定方法研究

对呼吸计量法应用于校准ASM1作了简明的阐述。在呼吸速率与模型组分关系的基础上,介绍了ASM1中废水与污泥各组分浓度的测定方法,并指出模型组分细化的意义。     

楔横轧轴肩的成形曲面的设计

此文分析在二辊楔横轧中轧制各类轴肩的过程。在假想工件轴端固定的图上确定楔侧面截面轮廓形状,再通过叠加轴向刚性移动量确定各截面实际位置,比较直观简便地设计出轧制轴肩的辊面上的成形曲面。最后归纳了设计步骤。     

江苏王港地区现代潮滩地貌发育特征

淤泥质潮滩是人类活动的强烈地带，江苏王港地区淤泥质潮滩宽广，由于人工引种大米草，滩涂围垦，大丰港的修筑，影响了王港地区原有潮滩发育的动力机制。王港地区生物分布和地貌特征具有明显的分带性。由于植被的促淤作用，王港地区潮滩南部垂向淤积速率较北部大；研究区内潮水沟的发育有两种类型。即泥滩带上的块体崩塌溯源侵蚀和零星分布的米草滩上的洞穴塌陷溯源侵蚀形成潮水沟；潮间带下部实测平均涨潮流流速小于平均落潮流流速，而涨潮平均含沙量大于落潮平均含沙量，潮间带下部潮水往复流及旋转流的作用在滩面上形成了双向波痕，陆地向海推进速度随着泥沙供给的减少以及滩面高程的降低而减慢。     

数值模拟的可视化及其实现技术

此文介绍了一个用于数值模拟过程的二维图形界面,它由两大部分组成:“MANU”实现计算结果的手工操作显示及编辑,“AUTO”用于数值计算过程的自动跟踪.文中详细介绍了系统的设计方法、结构、工作原理和主要功能.