湖北省耕地利用转型对农民增收的空间溢出效应研究

基于2005～2017年湖北省74个县域面板数据,构建基于交通权重的空间权重矩阵,利用空间杜宾模型,实证研究耕地利用转型影响农民增收的空间溢出效应,并进一步揭示该溢出效应呈现的具体规律与特征.研究表明:(1)耕地利用转型各形态和农民收入水平都具有显著的正向空间自相关性;(2)农民收入水平的空间自回归系数ρ为0.65,表明相邻县域农民增收存在正向空间溢出效应,即本县域农民收入增长1％,相邻县域农民收入将会增长0.65％;(3)相邻县域间的空间溢出效应主要靠耕地数量、农业劳动力和基础设施投入形态变化驱动,其中,农业劳动力形态变化产生的空间溢出效应占总效应的69％,耕地数量形态占15％,基础设施投入形态占12％.因此,应注意提升县域间耕地利用系统协同性,利用其空间溢出效应促进湖北省各县域共同发展、农民收入协同提高.     

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) photodegradation on WO3-TiO2-SBA-15 nanostructured composite

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A current environmental problem is the uncontrolled use of various pesticides that are harmful to the environment and public health. The herbicide...     

标准物质在环境应急监测定量分析中的作用

以环境空气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)监测为例,比较分析了标准物质在应急监测、实验室定量分析,以及应急监测定量、半定量分析中的作用。结果表明,在有标准物质进行定量校准时,应急监测方法和实验室标准分析方法的定量结果具有可比性;在无标准物质进行半定量分析时,应急监测结果可能存在较大误差。提出,在需准确定量的应急监测中应使用标准物质进行校准,以保证监测结果的准确性。     

Effects of intercropping with floricultural accumulator plants on cadmium accumulation in grapevine

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) intercropping with floricultural cadmium (Cd) accumulator plants (Helianthus annuus L., Cosmos sulphureus Cav., Cosmos...     

Phosphorus adsorption by functionalized biochar: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Phosphorus is essential element for agricultural production, yet phosphorus ore resources are non-renewable and become depleted. Moreover, phosphate release from...     

Emission characteristics of PM,heavy metals,and dioxins in flue gases from sintering machines with wet and semi-dry flue gas desulfurization systems

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In iron and steel industry, sintering process releases large amount and different kinds of pollutants. Most sintering plants had applied the dust...     

Five-wheel framework for system-based monitoring of heavy metal pollution in rivers

Sectorial approach for monitoring heavy metal pollution in rivers has failed to report realistic pollution status and associated ecological and human health risks. The increasing spread of heavy metals from different sources and emerging risks to human and environmental health call for reexamining heavy metal pollution monitoring frameworks. Also, the sources, spread, and load of heavy metals in the environment have changed significantly over time, requiring consequent modification in the monitoring frameworks. Therefore, studies on heavy metal monitoring in rivers conducted in the last decade were evaluated for experimental designs, research frameworks, and data presentations. Most studies (∼99%) (i) lacked inclusiveness of all environmental compartments; (ii) focused on “one pollutant – one/two compartment” or sometimes “one pollutant – one compartment – one effect” approach; and (iii) remained “data-rich but information poor.” An ecological approach with integrative system thinking is proposed to develop a holistic approach for monitoring river pollution. It is visualized that heavy metal monitoring, risk analyses, and water management must incorporate tracking pollutants in different environmental compartments of a river (water, sediment, and floodplain/bank soil) and consider correlating it with riverbank land use. The systems-based pollution monitoring and assessment studies will reveal the critical factors that drive heavy metals pollutant movement in ecosystems and associated potential risks to the environment, wildlife, and humans. Also, water quality and pollution indexing tools would help better communicate complex pollution data and associated risks among all stakeholders. Therefore, integrating systems approaches in scientific- and policy-based tools would help sustainably manage the health of rivers, wildlife, and humans.     

长江三角洲城市群工业用水效率评价及时空差异研究

在水资源约束趋紧的背景下，选取长江三角洲城市群中26个城市2005~2014年的面板数据，运用SBM模型对工业用水效率进行测算，并基于可分解的泰尔指数分析长江三角洲城市群内部工业用水效率的空间差异。结果显示：（1）长江三角洲城市群工业用水效率水平整体偏低，在不考虑与考虑非期望产出的情况下，工业用水效率10a平均值分别为 0.591 8.和 0.519 7;（2）工业用水效率的地区内部差异是造成总差异的主要部分，并且有随时间递增的趋势，其中安徽省对于地区内部差异的贡献率最大，其次为浙江省，江苏省贡献率最低;（3）江苏省各城市工业用水效率虽然差异不大但整体水平较低，而上海市工业用水效率较高并处于稳步上升状态。因此，缩小地区内部差异是实现长江三角洲城市群工业用水效率整体上升的重要途径。     

Socio-environmental consideration of phosphorus flows in the urban sanitation chain of contrasting cities

Understanding how cities can transform organic waste into a valuable resource is critical to urban sustainability. The capture and recycling of phosphorus (P), and other essential nutrients, from human excreta is particularly important as an alternative organic fertilizer source for agriculture. However, the complex set of socio-environmental factors influencing urban human excreta management is not yet sufficiently integrated into sustainable P research. Here, we synthesize information about the pathways P can take through urban sanitation systems along with barriers and facilitators to P recycling across cities. We examine five case study cities by using a sanitation chains approach: Accra, Ghana; Buenos Aires, Argentina; Beijing, China; Baltimore, USA; and London, England. Our cross-city comparison shows that London and Baltimore recycle a larger percentage of P from human excreta back to agricultural lands than other cities, and that there is a large diversity in socio-environmental factors that affect the patterns of recycling observed across cities. Our research highlights conditions that may be “necessary but not sufficient” for P recycling, including access to capital resources. Path dependencies of large sanitation infrastructure investments in the Global North contrast with rapidly urbanizing cities in the Global South, which present opportunities for alternative sanitation development pathways. Understanding such city-specific social and environmental barriers to P recycling options could help address multiple interacting societal objectives related to sanitation and provide options for satisfying global agricultural nutrient demand.

     

The socio-economic vulnerability of the Australian east coast grazing sector to the impacts of climate change

Regional Environmental Change - Research that projects biophysical changes under climate change is more advanced than research that projects socio-economic changes. There is a need in adaptation...