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Boran Wu 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2016,66(11):1151-1163
This study aims to develop a high-efficiency radical oxidation process for enhancing the dewaterability of waste activated sludge (WAS). Radical scavenging studies combined with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) were carried out for the direct radical identification and effectiveness evaluation of radical oxidation. The results indicated that Fe(II)-activated CaO2 can pose a superior effect on dewatering WAS due to its distinctive capacity of stable ?OH production and the high reaction efficiency of regulated-released ?OH with water-holding organics. The mechanism for the enhanced dewatering performance was also explored. The rupture of sludge colloidal flocs and the reduction of hydrophilic functional groups in loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS) were found to be mainly responsible for the release of interstitial water and improved dewaterability, respectively. In addition, an inference about the relationship between interfacial water and zeta potential of different EPS fractions was established by the simultaneous measurement of the binding affinities of Ca2+ and Fe2+/Fe3+ for EPS and bound water content. All these results provide the direct evidence that Fe(II)-activated CaO2 is a promising pretreatment reagent for sludge disposal.Implications: Fe(II)-activated CaO2 was first proposed to be highly effective in enhancing the dewaterability of waste activated sludge. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy provided the direct evidence for the specific advantages of CaO2, especially the capacity of durable and efficacious ?OH production leading to the excellent conditioning performance. 相似文献
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Wu Boran Dai Xiaohu Chai Xiaoli 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(19):16263-16275
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The production of sewage sludge with the presence of various contaminants has been a serious issue for the operation of wastewater treatment plants on... 相似文献
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Boran WU Dongyang WANG Xiaoli CHAI Fumitake TAKAHASHI Takayuki SHIMAOKA 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2016,10(4):8
Bottom ash is an inevitable by-product from municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration plants. Recycling it as additives for cement production is a promising disposal method. However, the heavy metals and chlorine are the main limiting factors because of the potential environmental risks and corrosion of cement kilns. Therefore, investigating heavy metal and chlorine characteristics of bottom ash is the significant prerequisite of its reuse in cement industries. In this study, a correlative analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of the MSW components and collection mode on the heavy metal and chlorine characteristics in bottom ash. The chemical speciation of insoluble chlorine was also investigated by synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis. The results showed that industrial waste was the main source of heavy metals, especially Cr and Pb, in bottom ash. The higher contents of plastics and kitchen waste lead to the higher chlorine level (0.6 wt.%–0.7 wt.%) of the bottom ash. The insoluble chlorine in the MSW incineration bottom ash existed primarily as AlOCl, which was produced under the high temperature (1250°C) in incinerators.
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Efe Boran Ebru Özgür Job van der Burg Meral Yücel Ufuk Gündüz Inci Eroglu 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2010
The purpose of this study was to develop a pilot scale tubular photo bioreactor (80 L) for photo fermentative hydrogen production by photosynthetic purple-non-sulfur bacterium, Rhodobacter capsulatus, operating in outdoor conditions, using acetate as the carbon source. The reactor was operated continuously in fed-batch mode for 30 days throughout December 2008 in Ankara. It was placed in a greenhouse in order to keep the temperature above freezing levels. It was found that R. capsulatus had a rapid growth with a specific growth rate of 0.025 h?1 in the exponential phase. The growth was defined with modified logistic model for long term duration. The hydrogen production and feeding started in the late exponential phase. Evolved gas contained 99% hydrogen and 1% carbon dioxide by volume. The average molar productivity calculated during daylight hour was 0.31 mol H2/(m3 h) with regard to the total reactor volume and 0.112 mol H2/(m2·day) with regard to the total illuminated surface area. It was proven that even at low light intensities and low temperatures, the acetic acid which was fed to the system can be utilized for biosynthesis, growth and hydrogen production. The overall hydrogen yield was 0.6 mole H2 per mole of acetic acid fed. This study showed that photofermentation in a pilot scale tubular photo bioreactor can produce hydrogen, even in winter conditions. 相似文献
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Ozonation of Procaine Penicillin G formulation effluent Part I: Process optimization and kinetics 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ozonation characteristics of synthetic Procaine Penicillin G (PPG) formulation effluent were investigated in a semi-batch ozone reactor at different pH (3, 7 and 12), ozone feed rates (600-2600 mg h-1) and COD values (200-600 mg l-1). Ozonation of aqueous PPG effluent resulted in 37 (82)% COD removal after 60 (120) min ozonation when the reaction pH was kept constant at pH=7.900 mg l-1 (corresponding to 50% of the total introduced) ozone was absorbed during a reaction period of 1 h. The effects of increasing the applied ozone dose and the initial COD on the COD abatement rates of PPG effluent were also studied. Results have indicated that increasing the ozone dose and decreasing the COD content both have positive effects on COD removal rates. The significant contribution of the free radical (.OH) reaction pathway to PPG ozonation could be traced using tert-butyl alcohol as the .OH probe compound at varying concentrations. The bimolecular reaction rate constants for the direct reaction of PPG with ozone were found as 152 and 2404 M-1 h-1 at pH=3 and 7, respectively, using the gas phase ozone partial pressures determined from of the outlet gas stream analysis. It could be demonstrated that ozone decomposition to free radicals being triggered by increasing the pH from 3 to 7 is essential for the rate enhancement of PPG effluent ozonation. 相似文献
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S. I. Efe 《The Environmentalist》2006,26(3):175-181
This paper assess the level of potability of rainwater samples harvested from catchments roofs in 6 rural communities of Delta
State, Nigeria to achieve this goal a stratified sampling technique was adopted in the establishment of 90 sterilized cans
into the 3 senatorial districts of Delta; on the basis of one can for thatch, aluminium, asbestos and corrugated iron sheets,
and open surfaces. Six rural communities each were chosen from the three senatorial districts, making a total of 18 rural
communities that were chosen for the study. The harvested rainwater samples were analysed with the most appropriate equipment
and analytical techniques as recommended by World Health Organisation (WHO) and federal ministry of environment in Nigeria.
Kruskal—wallis H’test statistical techniques was employed to ascertain whether differences exist amongst the rainwater samples
collected from thatch, aluminium, asbestos and corrugated iron roofing sheets, and open surfaces. The result revealed that
most of physiochemical and biological characteristics of rainwater samples were generally below the WHO threshold, as such
the rainwater characteristics showed satisfactory concentration in these rural communities. Thus, the rainwater from these
rural communities should be harvested, stored for human consumption and for other uses by the inhabitants. But treatment is
needed in terms of their pH, TSS, Fe and colour. Similarly, significant differences exist amongst the rainwater samples collected
from the 5 roofing types, most especially low quality of rainwater were observed in thatch and asbestos roofing sheets. Thus,
rainwater from these sources should be purified before consumption. 相似文献
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This study examined the spatial distribution of particulate air pollution in the Warri metropolis. This was done to ascertain
the differences between the distribution of particulate matter (PM10) in the urban area and the surrounding rural areas. To
achieve this, the study generated data from field measurement of PM10 levels for the year 2003. Analysis of variance, the
U-test, and simple regression statistical techniques were used to analyze the data. The major finding of the study was that
the Warri metropolitan area is polluted with PM10 levels of over 126 μg/m3, which is 81% over the 70 μg/m3 threshold of the World Health Organization. However the built-up area of the Warri metropolis is 150% more polluted with
PM10 particulates than the surrounding rural areas. While the traffic-clogged area of Enerhen, Jakpa, Deco, and Estate Junctions
are the most polluted areas with levels of 151 μg/m3, traditional areas had the lowest levels of 128 μg/m3. The daily distribution of PM10 showed that Mondays were the most polluted days with levels of 145 μg/m3 and Fridays were the least polluted days with levels of 141.5 μg/m3 in the built-up area, whereas in the rural area Wednesdays were the most polluted days with levels of 57.1 μg/m3 and Sundays were the least polluted days with levels of 53.5 μg/m3. Mondays generally recorded the highest PM10 values because of the large amount of industrial operation, heavy vehicular
traffic in the peak period, and increased commercial activities. The study also showed significant variation in the level
of PM10 particulates within the urban areas of the Warri metropolis with a calculated F-value (3.29), which is greater than the critical F-value of 3.14 at the 0.05 significance level. It is therefore recommended that urban environmental management policy should
be vigorously pursued to curb the adverse consequences of increased PM10 levels in urban areas of the Warri metropolis. 相似文献
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Muhammet Boran Hikmet Karaçam M. Salih Çelikkale Sevim Köse Muzaffer Feyzioglu Sebahattin Kutlu 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(1-2):67-73
This paper presents data on the concentrations of 5 metals, copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) in Blue Whiting sampled from the Eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey. The highest metal concentrations of Cu, Cd, Fe, Zn and Pb were recorded in Blue Whiting with the values of 2.71, 0.601, 14.137, 15.322 and 1.078 μg g‐1 dry weight, respectively. On average the metal concentrations in Blue Whiting followed the order of Zn > Fe > Cu > Pb > Cd. Temporal differences of concentrations of these metals were significant (p < 0.05). Spatial fluctuations of Cu, Cd, Fe, Zn and Pb concentrations in Blue Whiting were also significant (p < 0.01). It was found that the concentrations of Cu, Cd, Fe, Zn and Pb in the muscle in Blue Whiting were below the limit of Public Health Regulation in Turkey. 相似文献
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