Effects of intercropping with floricultural accumulator plants on cadmium accumulation in grapevine

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) intercropping with floricultural cadmium (Cd) accumulator plants (Helianthus annuus L., Cosmos sulphureus Cav., Cosmos...     

冷空气在北上台风“利奇马”致灾暴雨中的作用分析

利用NCEP逐6 h再分析资料、地面加密观测、探空、雷达资料,分析得出“利奇马”致灾暴雨是在长时间稳定维持的天气尺度环流背景下形成的。冷空气在降水所起的作用表现在:(1)长时间维持的弱冷空气与偏南暖湿气流交汇形成了边界层辐合线,辐射升温和暖湿气流的输送加大了辐合线两侧的温度和露点梯度,在高温高湿的有利环境下,对流在辐合线附近强烈发展。(2)高空槽后冷空气由“利奇马”环流西北侧渗入,先后形成3个冷平流中心,分别对应3个阶段的降水。(3)冷暖空气在降水区的持续辐合抬升作用增强了降水,最强降水时段发生在锋区垂直方向坡度最大的时段。(4)水平锋生有利于水汽输送和辐合抬升,垂直锋生有利于对流不稳定能量的累积和触发。冷空气形成的水平辐合和抬升造成大范围上升运动,使得锋生和垂直锋消同时存在,最强降水时段发生在水平锋生最强的时段。     

The research of market structures for remanufactured products

The rapid development of technology has made it easier to distribute products directly, and many enterprises excel at executing a multi-channel strategy to distribute products. The introduction of direct channel adds a new competition dimension to the enterprises. This paper considers three market channel structures: R-Channel, D-Channel and H-Channel. In R-Channel, both new products and remanufactured products are sold through a retailer. In D-Channel, new products are sold through retailers and remanufactured products are sold directly to consumers. In H-Channel, new products are sold through retailers, while remanufactured products through dual channel. Using the game theory, we obtain and analyse the equilibrium prices, market demands and the profits gain under these three settings. At the same time, the influence of consumers’ willingness to pay on the environment performance is researched. Our results show that the manufacturer prefers H-Channel. By introducing the direct channel the manufacturer is always economically better off, but it is not for the retailer. The numerical simulation also confirms the theoretical analysis and shows that H-Channel has advantages of economic benefit and environmental performance. It is feasible for practical application.     

巯基棉分离富集-偶氮氯膦Ⅲ-TPB-共振光散射测定垃圾渗滤液中的Zn(Ⅱ)

建立了测定垃圾渗滤液中微量Zn(Ⅱ)的巯基棉分离富集-偶氮氯膦Ⅲ-溴代十六烷基吡啶(TPB)共振光散射新方法。在pH为3.1~4.6的Tris-盐酸缓冲介质及TPB存在下,Zn(Ⅱ)与偶氮氯膦Ⅲ-TPB结合生成三元缔合物,使共振光散射(RLS)显著增强并产生新的散射光谱,最大RLS散射峰位于378 nm处,体系的RLS增强程度(△IRLS)与0.008~0.20 mg/L范围内的Zn(Ⅱ)呈线性关系,定量限为0.010 mg/L。研究了共振光散射的光谱特征、适宜的反应条件及主要分析化学性质。方法用于垃圾填埋场渗滤液中Zn(Ⅱ)的测定,加标回收率为98.10%~102.7%,相对标准偏差为1.5%~1.8%。     

Effects of reciprocal hybridization on cadmium accumulation in F1 hybrids of two Solanum photeinocarpum ecotypes

In this study, farmland and mining ecotypes of Solanum photeinocarpum (a potential cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator plant) were reciprocally hybridized each other, and the Cd accumulation characteristics of the F1 hybrids were studied. In pot experiments, higher biomasses and Cd extraction abilities were found for two S. photeinocarpum F1 hybrids than for the parents, but the Cd contents in various organs were lower in the hybrids than the parents. However, the differences between the Cd contents in the two hybrids were not significant. The antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase and peroxidase) activities were higher for the S. photeinocarpum F1 hybrids than the parents. Less DNA methylation was found in the hybrids than the parents because more demethylation occurred in the hybrids than the parents. The biomass, Cd content, and Cd extraction ability effects in field experiments were similar to the effects in the pot experiments. It was concluded that reciprocally hybridizing different S. photeinocarpum ecotypes improved the ability of S. photeinocarpum to be used to phytoremediate contaminated land.

     

我国安全生产行政执法统计指标体系研究与应用

我国安全生产行政执法统计指标体系自施行以来，一直存在统计指标体系过于繁杂、部分统计指标较笼统，未充分体现安全生产重点工作及其成效等问题，创新改革安全生产行政执法统计制度具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。通过梳理安全生产行政执法统计指标体系演变脉络，在实地调研和现场访谈的基础上，基于PDCA理论提出以执法人员-执法对象-执法行为“三位一体”的安全生产行政执法统计指标体系，明确包含执法力量、执法对象、执法检查和事故查处等方面的综合评价指标，并在实践中得以应用和检验，为全面分析安全生产执法效能拓展空间，统计制度的后续修订和安全生产综合分析工作奠定基础。     

爆炸超压场景下危化品社会风险对允许规划人口密度的影响分析*

为研究危化品重大危险源基于社会风险基准的规划管控影响,采用我国标准规定的定量风险评价方法,TNT当量炸药简化方法,针对最大TNT当量炸药、事故发生总累计频率、人口密度分布控制参数等不同工况条件,对比分析国土开发强度的允许人口密度受社会风险约束影响的变化规律。研究结果表明:人口密度指数分布控制参数Nk与Nb的允许取值随最大TNT当量炸药和事故发生总累计频率降低而提高;确定工况下,允许总人口规模受最大TNT当量炸药影响很小;在最大TNT当量炸药大于100 t或事故发生总累计频率小于1×10-8次/a时可按最大事故场景进行规划控制分析。     

江西省工业园区环境报告书编制导则研究

研究对于江西省工业园区环境信息的公开,提高环境信息公开内容的准确性,实现不同园区间环境业绩的比较,促进工业园区自主环保、积极引导和公众广泛参与环境管理机制的形成具有重要意义.文章介绍了工业园区在全国和江西省经济社会发展中的重要作用,分析江西省工业园区污染物排放现状与趋势以及国内外导则编制研究情况,重点对导则主要技术内容和分类进行说明,分析了导则实施的可行性,提出了实施建议.     

吉林西部农田生态系统氮平衡及其水环境影响研究

针对吉林省西部地区农田生态系统特点,以1997—2011年统计数据为基础,建立了基于物质守恒原理的氮平衡模型,估算了该地区农田生态系统的氮收支情况,并分析了其对水环境的影响.结果表明:近15年该区氮输入量平均值为56.98×104t·a-1,其中化肥输入氮占总氮的79.59%;氮输出量平均值为42.60×104t·a-1,以作物收获输出为主;氮平衡量变化范围为10.17×104~21.91×104t·a-1,均值为14.38×104t·a-1;氮平衡模型的各项呈增长趋势,受农业生产情况差异的影响,年际间时序变化较大,县市间空间分布差异明显.吉林西部农田生态系统氮平衡表现为盈余状态,氮素的盈余主要受氮肥施用和作物收获影响,农田生态系统氮素的持续盈余并累积对水环境构成一定程度的威胁,借助该区水环境监测数据进行综合分析,受盈余氮素的影响,该区地表水和地下水水质均体现出不同程度的氮超标.     

植物活性物质对PM_(2.5)致细胞损伤的抗性作用

为研究植物活性物质对PM2.5致细胞损伤的抗性作用,研究了北京城区PM2.5对CHO(Chinese hamster ovary,中国仓鼠卵巢)细胞的损伤作用,并选择植物活性物质绿原酸、阿魏酸和荭草素探讨其对CHO细胞的保护作用.以CCK-8法确定PM2.5的试验剂量和3种活性物质的最佳保护剂量,然后通过彗星试验、微核试验、流式细胞术及Western Blotting分别检测PM2.5的损伤作用及植物活性物质的保护作用.结果表明:1由CHO细胞存活率可知,PM2.5的有效试验剂量为15μg/m L,绿原酸、阿魏酸和荭草素的最佳保护剂量分别为50、20、10μmol/L.2PM2.5可引起CHO细胞明显的DNA损伤、微核形成增加、细胞周期阻滞所致的细胞增殖指数降低,而经阿魏酸、绿原酸和荭草素预处理后,均可减轻PM2.5对细胞的损伤作用,起到了一定的保护作用.3PM2.5能引起CHO细胞中p53和caspase-3蛋白的表达增加,而阿魏酸、绿原酸和荭草素均可使其表达量有所降低.由PM2.5引起的细胞损伤经绿原酸、阿魏酸、荭草素作用后表达量降低.在3种植物活性物质中,以阿魏酸拮抗PM2.5损伤的效果最佳,绿原酸次之,荭草素相对较差.