添加不同植物来源叶片可溶性有机质和氮对亚热带人工林土壤酶活性的影响

我国亚热带地区降雨丰富，树种众多.在亚热带森林中，大量叶片来源可溶性有机质（DOM）输入土壤中.此外，森林长期受到氮（N）沉降的影响.探究叶源DOM和N输入如何影响土壤酶活性和养分循环，有助于进一步揭示不同性质的DOM在亚热带森林土壤碳氮循环中的驱动机制.选取地域代表性强且树种之间差异较大的杉木（Cunninghamia lanceolat）和楠木（Phoebezherman），提取其鲜叶DOM输入杉木亚热带森林土壤中.此外，依据研究地大气氮沉降背景值添加硝酸铵进行105 d的室内培养试验.在培养第25和105天时进行破坏性取样，测定土壤理化性质和酶活性.结果表明，在培养第25天时，与对照（N0）相比，杉木叶片DOM处理（CLN0）和楠木叶片DOM处理（PLN0）均显著提高了β-葡糖苷酶（βG）、纤维素水解酶（CBH）、过氧化物酶（PEO）和β-N-乙酰氨基葡糖苷酶（NAG）4种与碳氮循环相关的酶的活性.DOM输入增加了底物有效性，刺激微生物产生更多的酶.与仅氮输入（N1）相比，杉木叶片DOM和氮共同添加（CLN1）降低了4种土壤酶活性，而楠木叶片DOM和氮共同添加（PLN1）对土壤酶...     

短期氮添加对黄山松林土壤碳组分的影响及其微生物机制

人类活动和大气沉降增加了陆地生态系统氮的输入,显著改变了生态系统碳循环.为了更好地理解氮沉降如何调节森林土壤有机碳组分动态,及其潜在的微生物机制.本研究在福建戴云山黄山松林设置3个氮添加梯度（对照（0 kg·hm^-2·a^-1）、低氮（40 kg·hm^-2·a^-1）、高氮（80 kg·hm^-2·a^-1） ）以模拟氮沉降.通过测定土壤基本理化性质、土壤微生物生物量、酶活性和碳利用效率,利用两步硫酸水解法将土壤有机碳分为量小、周转快的活性碳组分和量大、周转慢的惰性碳组分,以探究两年氮添加对亚热带黄山松土壤有机碳组分的影响.与对照相比,氮添加显著降低0~10 cm土壤活性碳组分含量,增加土壤惰性碳含量.氮添加提高了参与碳、氮和磷获取的3种水解酶活性（β-葡萄糖苷酶、β-N-乙酰氨基酸葡糖苷酶、酸性磷酸单酯酶）,并显著降低了土壤微生物碳利用效率.冗余分析和随机森林模型表明,土壤微生物碳利用效率、微生物生物量和β-葡萄糖苷酶是影响土壤碳组分变化的主要因子,且土壤微生物碳利用效率与活性碳呈显著正相关,与惰性碳呈显著负相关;微生物生物量碳与活性碳呈显著正相关,与惰性碳无显著关系.综上所述,土壤微生物生物量减少、碳利用效率的下降导致活性碳组分含量减少,而惰性碳组分含量增加,进而提高黄山松林土壤有机碳的稳定性.     

Effects of soil warming and nitrogen deposition on leaf and soil stoichiometric characteristics of Cunninghamia lanceolata saplings北大核心CSCD

Warming and nitrogen deposition directly or indirectly affect the plant-soil element cycle under global change. To examine the effects of warming and nitrogen deposition on leaf and soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) contents, and their stoichiometric ratios in Cunninghamia lanceolata saplings, four types of treatments were assigned: control (CT), warming (W, + 4 ºC), nitrogen deposition (N, 40 kg ha-1 a-1), and warming + nitrogen deposition (WN) treatments. The results showed that: (1) compared with CT, W treatment significantly decreased leaf P content by 54.54% and increased leaf C/P and N/P by 85.26% and 83.39%, respectively; WN treatment significantly decreased leaf C content and P content by 1.99% and 51.03%, respectively, but increased the leaf C/P by 68.01% with no significant differences in leaf N content among treatments. The leaf N/P ratio of each treatment was less than 10, but that of the W and WN treatments were closer to 10 than that of the CT treatment. Meanwhile, W and WN treatments significantly increased tree height. (2) No significant differences were observed in soil total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) contents among treatments. Compared with CT, W treatment significantly decreased soil C/N by 4.09%, while neither W nor WN treatment affected soil C/P and N/P. W treatment increased the available soil content compared to CT treatment. (3) The correlation analysis showed that leaf N content was significantly negatively correlated with soil C/N in the CT treatment; in the W treatment leaf N content and N/P were significantly positively correlated with soil TN and TP content, respectively. Leaf N content was significantly negatively correlated with soil TC and TN in the N treatment, and leaf contents had no significant correlation with soil C, N, and P contents or their stoichiometric characteristics in the WN treatment. This study showed that N limitation still exists in C. lanceolata saplings. Warming and the interaction between warming and nitrogen deposition could alleviate N limitation and promote the growth of C. lanceolata. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.