Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were fabricated by the hydrothermal synthesis of ordered mesoporous KIT-6 type silica and incorporating in polyimide... 相似文献
The first study aimed to investigate the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentration level, spatial distribution pattern, and ecological risk assessment of water and sediment samples from two tributaries (Nullah Aik and Palkhu) of the River Chenab, Punjab Province, Pakistan. A total of 32 PCB congeners were analyzed, and PCB concentration in sediment and water samples ranged between 0.80 and 60 ng/g and 0.20 and 28 ng/L, respectively, where tetra-CBs and tri-CBs dominated over other studied PCB homologs. Dioxin toxicity equivalency (TEQ) was calculated and PCB-126 and PCB-169 showed the higher TEQ values compared with the WHO guidelines, and sediment samples were more toxic than the water samples. The results of the present study should be considered seriously by government authorities to take a proper action against unchecked discharge of contaminants in ecological integrities; otherwise, there may be drastic results in the near future. 相似文献
This paper investigates the mitigating effect of governance quality on the finance-environment nexus in a multivariate EKC framework in 123 selected countries during the 1990–2017 period. We mainly employ the method of moments-quantile regression (MM-QR) with the fixed-effects model, among others. First, the MM-QR estimator reveals that financial development reduces environmental quality more significantly in countries with initially higher levels (the 75th and 90th quantiles) of CO2 emissions than in other countries (the 25th and 10th quantiles). Second, the attenuating effect of governance quality on the finance-environment nexus is more remarkable in nations with low initial levels (the 25th and 10th quantiles) of CO2 emissions. Third, we find that the marginal positive effect of financial development on CO2 emissions is smaller under a good regulatory framework than under corruption control and the rule of law, especially in the top emitters (the 75th and 90th quantiles). Fourth, unlike oil, which has a considerable negative impact on the environmental quality of the major emitters, renewable energy usage reduces CO2 emissions in countries in all quantiles, primarily in the lowest quantiles. Fifth, the findings also show that urbanization dramatically worsens environmental quality in all economies, particularly those in the lowest quantiles. Finally, we confirm that the EKC hypothesis holds in all countries across different quantiles. The study’s final section discusses policy implications for sustainable development in all countries.
Effective anaerobic treatment of particulate wastes requires solubilization and acid formation prior to methanogenesis. In this case study of a particulate waste from a corn-processing industry, the influence of solids loading in solubilization, acid formation and methanogenesis was studied under mesophilic (35°C) and thermophilic (60°C) conditions. The waste was concentrated by centrifugation to initial suspended solids concentrations (TSSi) of 150 to 350 g/L (15% to 35%). Anaerobic batch tests were conducted for 20 days, and significant solubilization of the particulate organic matter occurred in all cases. The thermophilic systems were more effective than the mesophilic systems with respect to solubilization of particulates, volatile solids destruction, acetic acid uptake, and methane generation. Methanogenesis appreared to be a rate-limiting step at higher TSSi values, indicated by accumulation of volatile organic acids in the batch systems. Slower rates of methane production led to identification of the limiting solids loading for both temperature regimes. The results of this study can be used to evaluate the limitations of a single stage system for anaerobic treatment of organic particulate industrial wastes. 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The present study biomonitored the placental polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in women from Punjab Province, Pakistan, that provides the... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Environmental friendly products particularly natural dyes are going to be much popular around the globe due to their non-toxic and bio-degradable... 相似文献
Drylands (41 and 35% of global land and population, respectively) have the lowest biological productivity of any ecosystem,
contain populations with the highest growth rates on earth, and share a significant fraction of global poverty for which desertification
is implicated. A global assessment of the available information indicates that the inherent low productivity of drylands,
when combined with other adverse factors, can generate poverty. It additionally indicates that while the drylands may exist
in a locally stable and sustainable state, this is readily destabilized by non-linear, threshold-crossing transitions to an
alternative steady-state leading to desertification, poverty and conflicts. The “desertification paradigm” (human and climatological
pressures driving overexploitation of land resources, leading to desertification, poverty and reduced security) is challenged
by its “counter-paradigm” (adversity elicits innovation, leading to ingenuous solutions for avoiding desertification). But
the latter does not account for the inevitability of continued and increasing pressure on the finite dryland resources, expected
to be further exacerbated by a globally increasing need for agricultural land. A companion paper points out that this situation
can be avoided by reducing dependence on land productivity, through adoption of “alternative livelihoods.” These livelihoods,
while economically advantageous, reduce pressure on land resources. 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Water pollution is one of the main threats to public health in Pakistan. The watchdogs for drinking water quality are toothless, hence... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nickel has been found a key pollutant in farmlands of central and south China, and understanding of Ni toxicity in rice is of great significance in... 相似文献