Life cycle assessment of environmental impact on municipal solid waste incineration power generation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration power generation is an important treatment technology, which has been widely concerned in recent years. It is...     

全自动消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中16种元素

采用HNO_3-HF-HClO_4消解体系,建立了全自动消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定土壤中~(75)As、~9Be、~(51)V、~(55)Mn、~(59)Co、~(60)Ni、~(63)Cu、~(66)Zn、~(98)Mo、~(111)Cd、~(138)Ba、~(205)Tl、~(208)Pb、~(107)Ag、~(52)Cr、~(121)Sb等16种元素的新方法。通过碰撞池技术和编辑干扰元素校正方程有效校正了质谱干扰,并用内标校正了土壤基体干扰。用土壤标准物质GSS-13验证该方法,其校准曲线相关系数大于0.999 9,方法检出限在0.005~0.5μg/g之间,RSD为0.22%~2.35%,加标回收率为92%~114%。采用该方法测定实际土壤样品,加标回收率为93%~123%。     

Study on the photocatalytic reduction of dichromate and photocatalytic oxidation of dichlorvos

In this paper, dichromate and dichlorvos are selected as the deputies of inorganic and organic pollutants, respectively, and TiO2/beads is used as a photocatalyst. The effects of various parameters, such as the amount of the photocatalyst, H2O2 concentration, metal ions, anions, pH value, and organic compounds on the photocatalytic reduction of dichromate and photocatalytic oxidation of dichlorvos are studied. From the studies, the differences of the parameters effect on the photocatalytic degradation of organic and inorganic pollutants are obtained. The results show that the optimum amount of the photocatalyst used is 6.0 g cm(-3) for the photocatalytic reactions. With the addition of a small amount of H2O2, the photocatalytic reduction of dichromate is inhibited while the photocatalytic oxidation of dichlorvos is accelerated. With the addition of trace amounts of Fe3+ or Cu2+, both the reactions are accelerated, and with the addition of Zn2+ and Na+, no obvious effects on the reactions are observed. Acidic solution is favorable for the photocatalytic reduction of dichromate; and acidic and alkaline solutions are favorable for the photocatalytic oxidation of dichlorvos. Adding SO4(2-), the photocatalytic oxidation is accelerated and adding Cl- the reaction is inhibited; and with the addition of trace amounts of SO4(2-), Cl- and NO3-, no obvious effects on the photocatalytic reduction of dichromate are observed. With the addition of methanol and toluene, the photocatalytic reduction of dichromate is accelerated, and the photocatalytic oxidation of dichlorvos is inhibited. The possible roles of the additives on the reactions are also discussed.     

福州盆地钻孔沉积物记录的MIS3以来海侵—海退过程

通过对福州盆地首山路ZKCS钻孔岩芯的AMS 14C及光释光(OSL)年代测试、岩性特征、黏土浑浊水电导率值和地球化学元素测定、粒度分析以及硅藻鉴定,对钻孔沉积物的沉积环境进行分析,并与ZK004钻孔结果进行对比,结合全球古气候及区域构造记录,确认首山路ZKCS钻孔记录了两次完整的海侵—海退旋回,第一次海侵结束时间约50 ka,第二次海侵发生在全新世期间.两次海侵发生的主要原因不同,第一次海侵发生在MIS3早期,对应于前人命名的"福州海侵",主要原因是区域构造下沉,加之此时古气候变暖引发海面上升;之后由于盆地内部的不均匀沉降,再次发生抬升,导致ZKCS钻孔记录的海侵较早结束、海侵层埋深较浅;全新世海侵即前人命名的"长乐海进",强度比前一期强,为冰后期全球气候变暖和海面上升共同作用的结果,其次可能还伴随着盆地的下陷.     

膜工艺在垃圾填埋场高盐渗滤液处理中的应用

采用“预处理+膜处理(NF、RO)”工艺对山东省某大型垃圾填埋场高盐渗滤液进行处理,水回收率达70%,出水水质满足《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB 16889-2008)规定的污染物排放限值;经过浓缩减量化系统处理后,产生的NF浓缩液和RO浓缩液做分类单独收集,方便后续浓缩蒸发结晶及其他处理工艺的实施。     

瓦斯爆炸传播过程中障碍物激励效应的数值模拟

笔者对瓦斯爆炸传播过程中的障碍物的激励效应的物理机制进行了分析 ,并构建了相应的物理模型 ,设计了 3种情况下 ,对冲击波经过障碍物附近时的变化特征进行了数值模拟。结论表明 ,非燃烧区的障碍物同样存在激励效应 ,激励效应取决于瓦斯爆炸冲击波的初始强度 ,即爆轰状态激励效应最为强烈。