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排序方式: 共有432条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Vincent Métivier Bernard Massicotte Alain Tremblay Pierre Dupuis 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(1):38
As part of a large hydroelectric project in northern Québec (Canada), a portion of the flow of the Rupert River was diverted toward the existing La Grande hydroelectric complex. As a result of the partial diversion, the discharge of the Rupert River at its mouth is reduced by an average of 50% annually. This corresponds to an 18% decrease in the total freshwater inflow into the bay and, thus, to a shift of the upstream limit of the saltwater intrusion in Rupert Bay. Changes in saltwater intrusion had been predicted numerically as part of the project’s environmental impact assessment (EIA). In the project’s conditions of authorization, monitoring the hydraulic conditions and the extent of saltwater intrusion in the Rupert Bay was required by government authorities. The objective of this paper is to present the results of this environmental monitoring and, more specifically, to validate the modifications predicted in the EIA in terms of both saltwater intrusion limit and hydraulic conditions in the Rupert Bay. Results obtained during 2 years of monitoring are within the predicted trends and order of magnitude of changes anticipated in the EIA. The results, thus, confirm that the shift of the upstream limit of the saltwater front along the channels of the bay was conservatively predicted by numerical modeling. 相似文献
2.
El Zrelli Radhouan Rabaoui Lotfi Daghbouj Nabil Abda Heithem Castet Sylvie Josse Claudie van Beek Pieter Souhaut Marc Michel Sylvain Bejaoui Nejla Courjault-Radé Pierre 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(15):14690-14702
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Since the establishment of the coastal industrial complex in Gabes city (Gulf of Gabes, SE Tunisia), hundred million tons of untreated phosphogypsum... 相似文献
3.
Mathieu Sicard Frédéric Chevalier Mickaël De Vlechouver Didier Bouchon Pierre Grève Christine Braquart-Varnier 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2010,97(9):819-826
Ecological factors modulate animal immunocompetence and potentially shape the evolution of their immune systems. Not only
environmental parameters impact on immunocompetence: Aging is one major cause of variability of immunocompetence between individuals,
and sex-specific levels of immunocompetence have also been frequently described. Moreover, a growing core of data put in light
that vertically transmitted symbionts can dramatically modulate the immunocompetence of their hosts. In this study, we addressed
the influence of gender, age and the feminising endosymbiont Wolbachia (wVulC) on variations in haemocyte density, total PO activity and bacterial load in the haemolymph of the terrestrial isopod
Armadillidium vulgare. This host–symbiont system is of particular interest to address this question since: (1) wVulC was previously shown as immunosuppressive in middle-aged females and (2) wVulC influences sex determination. We show that age, gender and Wolbachia modulate together immune parameters in A. vulgare. However, wVulC, which interacts with aging, appears to be the prominent factor interfering with both PO activity and haemocyte density.
This interference with immune parameters is not the only aspect of wVulC virulence on its host, as reproduction and survival are also altered. 相似文献
4.
Tineke H. Jones Alain Houde Elyse Poitras Pierre Ward Michael W. Johns 《Food and environmental virology》2009,1(2):57-65
There are increasing concerns of zoonotic transmission of some animal enteric viruses, such as calicivirus, hepatitis E virus,
and rotavirus, which are closely related to human pathogenic strains. Most enteric viruses are detected by molecular techniques
because they cannot be cultured. Surrogates such as F-RNA coliphages are cultivable but few molecular methods exist. Individual
real-time TaqMan RT-PCR assays for the replicase gene of F-RNA coliphage genogroups I and IV were developed and multiplexed
with a real-time TaqMan RT-PCR assay for feline calicivirus as a sample process control for the simultaneous detection and
enumeration of genogroup I and IV F-RNA coliphages. Genogroup IV were successfully detected with the multiplexed assay in
80% of fecal samples that contained F-RNA coliphage levels ≥3.2 log plaque forming units (pfu). F-RNA coliphage were at or
below the limit of detection in most fecal samples when levels were ≤4 log pfu/g. 相似文献
5.
Florence Vouvé Roselyne Buscail Dominique Aubert Pierre Labadie Marc Chevreuil Christophe Canal Marion Desmousseaux Fabrice Alliot Elsa Amilhat Elisabeth Faliex Séverine Paris-Palacios Sylvie Biagianti-Risbourg 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(4):3005-3020
Environmental characteristics in water and sediments of two contrasted coastal Mediterranean lagoons, Bages-Sigean and Canet-St Nazaire, were measured over a three season survey. The urban pollution (treatment plant discharges) is very important in Canet-St Nazaire lagoon reflecting untreated sewages, while in Bages-Sigean, the northern part appears more impacted due to larger anthropogenic inputs. Dissolved Cd concentrations are on the whole similar in both lagoons, whereas Cu concentrations are by far higher in lagoon Canet-St Nazaire. Cu concentrations appear to be highly dependent on dissolved organic carbon whereas salinity seems to control Cd variations. Concerning the sediments, the confined northern part of lagoon Bages-Sigean shows organic carbon and total nitrogen enrichment whereas lipid concentrations are much higher in the Canet-St Nazaire lagoon. Cu complexation seems to be strongly related to organic matter as evidenced by the two significant positive relationships, on one hand between Cu and organic carbon, and on the other hand, between Cu and lipids. On the contrary, Cd concentrations appear to be mainly controlled by carbonates. PCBs and PBDEs were detected only in sediments and show relatively low concentrations compared to similar lagoon environments. Regarding the sediment quality guidelines, Cd, Cu and PCBs in both lagoons did not exceed any Probable Effect Concentration (PEC). 相似文献
6.
Françoise S. Lucas Claire Therial Alexandre Gonçalves Pierre Servais Vincent Rocher Jean-Marie Mouchel 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(8):5318-5328
The microbiological quality of urban wastewaters presents important environmental, sanitary, and political challenges. However, the variability of untreated wastewater quality is seldom known when it comes to microbial parameters. This study aims to evaluate the variability of microbiological quality in wastewater influents from different wastewater treatment plants connected to combined and partially separate sewer networks in the Parisian area and to evaluate the impact of this variability on the treatment efficiency and on the accuracy of wastewater effluent monitoring. The densities of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci, and their partitioning on settleable particles were analyzed at the inlet of two wastewater treatment plants during dry weather (130 composite samples and 7 days sampled every 2 hours) and storm events (39 composite samples, and 7 rain courses) from 2008 to 2012. The results showed that fecal indicator densities vary according to the network characteristics and according to the meteorological conditions. During storm events, a significant dilution of E. coli and enterococci was observed, as well as a decrease in the settleable fraction of E. coli during the maximal impact of the storm. However, storm events did not significantly impact the regular FIB monitoring. FIB removals by primary and secondary treatment were significantly correlated with FIB densities in influent wastewater; however, meteorological conditions also influenced the removal of FIB. 相似文献
7.
Mamadou Ciss Nicolas Parisey Fabrice Moreau Charles-Antoine Dedryver Jean-Sébastien Pierre 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(7):4819-4827
We expose here a detailed spatially explicit model of aphid population dynamics at the scale of a whole country (Metropolitan France). It is based on convection–diffusion-reaction equations, driven by abiotic and biotic factors. The target species is the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae F., considering both its winged and apterous morphs. In this preliminary work, simulations for year 2004 (an outbreak case) produced realistic aphid densities, and showed that both spatial and temporal S. avenae population dynamics can be represented as an irregular wave of population peak densities from southwest to northeast of the country, driven by gradients or differences in temperature, wheat phenology, and wheat surfaces. This wave pattern fits well to our knowledge of S. avenae phenology. The effects of three insecticide spray regimes were simulated in five different sites and showed that insecticide sprays were ineffective in terms of yield increase after wheat flowering. After suitable validation, which will require some further years of observations, the model will be used to forecast aphid densities in real time at any date or growth stage of the crop anywhere in the country. It will be the backbone of a decision support system, forecasting yield losses at the level of a field. The model intends then to complete the punctual forecasting provided by older models by a comprehensive spatial view on a large area and leads to the diminution of insecticide sprayings in wheat crops. 相似文献
8.
Nicolas Tchertchian Dominique Millet Pierre Alain Yvars 《International Journal of Sustainable Engineering》2016,9(4):277-290
The tendency towards a homogenous mode of development modelled on that of Western countries means that sustainable development has become increasingly urgent. It is necessary to thoroughly redefine products and their expected performances in such a way that the consequences are compatible with sustainable development. In the domain of product design, this means that it is no longer sufficient to use assessment tools “after the fact” to check the impact of products whose functional unit (FU) was defined prior to production; it is now necessary to rethink the definition of the FU itself. This article aims to present an approach based on a combination of life cycle analysis methods and problem-solving by constraint satisfaction. This original approach makes it possible to vary the design of the different dimensions of the FUs of a complex system and thus to make it easier to identify the best architecture along with the best functional definition of the system. In this study, the EcoCSP approach is applied to define the functional performances of an ecological passenger ferry. The complexity of couplings between subsystems and the sheer number of those subsystems mean that the designer has to use “intelligent” tools. These simulate a great number of scenarios and help him/her to fine-tune the system and make the right technological choices with regard to the right functional specifications. 相似文献
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