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排序方式: 共有54条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Tae Won Lee Michael J. Miller Hak Bin Hwang Sam Wouthuyzen Katsumi Tsukamoto 《Marine Biology》2008,153(3):285-295
Leptocephali of the widely distributed tropical marine eels of the genus Kaupichthys (family Chlopsidae) were collected around Sulawesi Island during a sampling survey in the Indonesian Seas in late September
and early October 2002, and the otolith microstructure of 24 of the 59 specimens captured was examined to learn about the
larval growth rates and spawning times of these small sized eels. Leptocephali ranging in size from 25 to 60 mm were collected
in Makassar Strait and the Celebes Sea, but they were most abundant in the semi-enclosed Tomini Bay of northeast Sulawesi
Island. The Kaupichthys leptocephali examined had 39–161 otolith growth increments. Their back-calculated hatching dates indicated that five age
groups were present and each group appeared to have been spawned around the full moon of previous months. Average growth rate
estimates of the first two age groups were 0.65 and 0.54 mm/day for the 27.4–30.4 and 37.6–45.6 mm age classes. The growth
rates of the oldest three age groups (52.0–60.8 mm) appeared to have slowed down after they reached their approximate maximum
size. An increase in increment widths at the outer margin of the otoliths of those larger than 53 mm suggested that the process
of metamorphosis had begun even though there were few external morphological changes indicating metamorphosis. It is hypothesized
that chlopsid leptocephali have an unusually short gut that may not need to move forward during early metamorphosis. The presence
of four age classes in Tomini Bay suggests that the Togian Islands region may be productive habitats for Kaupichthys juveniles and adults. 相似文献
2.
T. Arai J. Aoyama S. Ishikawa M. Miller T. Otake T. Inagaki K. Tsukamoto 《Marine Biology》2001,138(5):887-895
In order to examine the early life-history characteristics of tropical eels, otolith microstructure and microchemistry were examined in leptocephali of Anguilla bicolor pacifica (27.6-54.1 mm TL, n=20) and A. marmorata (22.0-47.3 mm TL, n=8) collected during a cruise in the western Pacific. A. bicolor pacifica occurred between 10°N and 15°N in the west and between 5°S and 10°N farther to the east. A. marmorata also occurred in two different latitudinal ranges in the Northern (15-16°N) and Southern Hemispheres (3-15°S) of the western Pacific. The increment widths in the otoliths of these leptocephali increased between the hatch check (0 days) and about an age of 30 days in both species, and then gradually decreased toward the otolith edge. Otolith Sr:Ca ratios showed a gradual increase from the otolith center to the edge. The ages of A. bicolor pacifica and A. marmorata leptocephali ranged from 40 to 128 days and from 38 to 99 days, respectively. Growth rates of A. bicolor pacifica and A. marmorata leptocephali ranged from 0.33 to 0.71 mm day-1 and from 0.45 to 0.63 mm day-1, respectively. These leptocephali had estimated growth rates that were spread out throughout most of the reported range of growth rates of the leptocephali of the temperate species, the Japanese eel and the Atlantic eels. Differences in the spatial distribution in relation to current systems, and the age and size compositions of the leptocephali of A. bicolor pacifica and A. marmorata suggested different spawning locations for these two species. 相似文献
3.
Cadmium, 100 μg/rat/day, was administered orally 100 times (total amount of Cd administered, 10 mg), under conditions of low protein intake. The total amount of Cd in the liver and kidneys was as follows: females fed 20% protein diets > females fed 5% protein diets > males fed 20% protein diets ≒ males fed 5% protein diets. A decreased Zn concentration was found in the liver of males and the pancreas of males and females fed with the 5% protein diet. The Cu concentration in the kidneys was markedly influenced by low protein intake. 相似文献
4.
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6.
A source term release analysis code for high-level waste glass has been developed for simulation of long-term dissolution behavior under repository conditions. The STRAG4 code consists of models for (a) element diffusion in both the bulk glass and surface layer, (b) glass dissolution kinetics at the interface between glass and water, and (c) geochemical reactions of dissolved elements in underground water. The simulations for various conditions of glass dissolution, including a static and dynamic system, show accordance with the experimental observations even in the relatively complicated case where bentonite is present. Long-term dissolution analyses of a borosilicate waste glass were carried out as preliminary study. The calculations were achieved by considering detrimental effects due to interactions between the glass and surrounded materials which are presumed to be in a repository environment (i.e., compacted bentonite, corrosion products from the iron overpack, and underground water). The environmental conditions such as temperature and geochemical reactions are also taken into account in the calculations. The results suggest the life of the waste glass would be more than 50,000 years even if the glass surface area increased by a factor of 10 due to crack formation. 相似文献
7.
Otolith microstructure and microchemistry of the tropical eel Anguilla bicolor pacifica Schmidt were examined in glass eels collected at the mouth of the Dumoga River, North Sulawesi Island, Indonesia. Ages of
the glass eels examined (age at recruitment) ranged from 124 to 202 d (167 ± 19.3 d; mean ± SD), hatching being estimated
as having occurred between November 1995 and March 1996. Otolith increment widths markedly increased from age 101 to 172 d
(135 ± 18.2 d; mean ± SD), coincident with a drastic decrease in otolith Sr:Ca ratios, suggesting that metamorphosis began
during that period. The duration of metamorphosis was estimated as 20 to 40 d, on the basis of otolith microstructural characteristics.
The fluctuation patterns in otolith increment widths and Sr:Ca ratios were similar to those of the temperate Japanese eel
A. japonica.
Received: 20 May 1998 / Accepted: 7 October 1998 相似文献
8.
A.?KotakeEmail author T.?Arai T.?Ozawa S.?Nojima M.?J.?Miller K.?Tsukamoto 《Marine Biology》2003,143(2):413-413
9.
Michael J. Miller Sam Wouthuyzen Gen Minagawa Jun Aoyama Katsumi Tsukamoto 《Marine Biology》2006,148(5):1101-1111
A survey for leptocephali around Sulawesi Island in the central Indonesian Seas during May 2001 found that the leptocephali
of the congrid eel, Ariosoma scheelei, were present in all seven areas that were sampled. A total of 551 leptocephali (22–166 mm TL) were collected, and A. scheelei was by far the most abundant species of leptocephali collected during the survey. The wide range of sizes in most areas indicated
that spawning had occurred during a period of several months in many different areas, although the exact spawning locations
were not determined. The larger size classes were more abundant in all areas except in Tomini Bay on the northeast side of
Sulawesi Island. The highest catch rates were observed at the eastern edge of the Java Sea and to the north in the Celebes
Sea near Makassar Strait. Premetamorphic leptocephali were also collected in surface samples at 11 stations (N=62), but metamorphosing leptocephali (N=86) were only caught in IKMT tows that fished from the surface to about 200 m. Metamorphosing leptocephali were collected
primarily at two stations in the Java Sea and Makassar Strait where a surface layer of lower-salinity water was detected.
Their total lengths (105.3–153.3 mm) and the largest premetamorphic individuals suggested that this species can reach maximum
sizes of about 165 mm before beginning to metamorphose. It is hypothesized that this species may be abundant in the Indonesian
Seas region and that it has ecological traits such as large size at recruitment and a small size at reproduction that have
made it successful in many regions of the Indo-Pacific. 相似文献
10.
The dose-response relationship between low-caloric sweetening agents, sorbitol and maltitol, administered orally in single doses, and the induction of diarrheal symptoms was investigated. Seven healthy male and 7 healthy female Japanese each in their twenties, thirties, and forties, respectively, or a total of 42 subjects were admitted to the study. The 50% laxative effective dose of sorbitol was estimated to be 0.4 g/kg for males and 1.0 g/kg for females and that of maltitol was estimated to be 0.8 g/kg for both males and females. The maximum non-effective dose of sorbitol was estimated to be 0.15 g/kg for males and 0.3 g/kg for females and that of maltitol was estimated to be 0.3 g/kg for both males and females. 相似文献