多功能再生混凝土球型路障试验研究

针对现行交通路障存在的问题,在前期试验研究的基础上,研究开发了多功能再生混凝土球型路障,不但可有效利用废弃混凝土、节约天然石材资源,还具备防撞击、夜间可视性好等安全功能,具有良好的社会效益、环境效益和经济效益。     

Effects of phosphate on the transport of graphene oxide nanoparticles in saturated clean and iron oxide-coated sand columns

In this study, transport behaviors of graphene oxide (GO) in saturated uncoated (i.e., clean sand) and goethite-coated sand porous media were examined as a function of the phosphate. We found that phosphate enhanced the transport of GO over a wide range of solution chemistry (i.e., pH 5.0–9.0 and the presence of 10 mmol/L Na⁺ or 0.5 mmol/L Ca²⁺). The results were mainly ascribed to the increase of electrostatic repulsion between nanoparticles and porous media. Meanwhile, deposition site competition induced by the retained phosphate was another important mechanism leading to promote GO transport. Interestingly, when the phosphate concentration increased from 0.1 to 1.0 mmol/L, the transport-enhancement effect of phosphate in goethite-coated sand was to a much larger extent than that in clean sand. The observations were primarily related to the difference in the total mass of retained phosphate between the iron oxide-coated sand and clean sand columns, which resulted in different degrees of the electrostatic repulsion and competitive effect of phosphate. When the background solution contained 0.5 mmol/L Ca²⁺, phosphate could be bind to sand/ goethite-coated sand surface by cation bridging; and consequently, promoted competition between phosphate and nanoparticles for deposition sites, which was an important mechanism for the enhanced effect of phosphate. Moreover, the DLVO theory was applicable to describe GO transport behaviors in porous media in the absence or presence of phosphate. Taken together, these findings highlight the important status and role of phosphate on the transport and fate of colloidal graphene oxide in the subsurface environment.     

Role of solution chemistry in the attachment of graphene oxide nanoparticles onto iron oxide minerals with different characteristics

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Given the ubiquity and abundance of the iron oxide minerals and their important roles in affecting the environmental fate of graphene oxide (GO)...     

土壤磷素解吸模型及其特征值的作物效应

土壤有效磷数量和强度及其缓冲系数是评价土壤磷素供应能力的重要指标。通过解吸实验、盆栽和田间试验研究土壤磷解吸特性及其与供试蔬菜的效应。38个磷素解吸实验表明,土壤镉解吸模型的修正式能很好地模拟土壤磷素解吸动态特征,有32个回归模型达到显著水平。土壤磷解吸模型可同时求得表征土壤磷有效性的磷可解吸数量Q和土壤溶液初始磷浓度Cli及其缓冲系数b。盆栽试验表明,土壤磷解吸特征值Q和Cli与空心菜(Iponoea aqatica)和菜心(Brassica parachinensis)吸P量有显著水平的抛物线型关系,且与土壤类型无关。田间试验表明,Q值与供试蔬菜鲜重产量亦有显著水平的抛物线型关系,可求得试验条件下空心菜和莴苣(Lactuca sativa)磷肥施用的Q值临界指标分别为11mg/kg和13mg/kg。解吸模型研究为评价土壤磷素有效性提供了一种新方法。     

福建茶园土壤Zn含量及其影响因素

通过对62份福建茶园土壤样品的测定,应用通径分析等统计方法研究了土壤Zn含量及其有效性等的影响因素。结果表明：福建茶园土壤全Zn质量分数平均值为28.85 mg.kg-1,中值58.80 mg.kg-1,变异系数45.16%;有效Zn质量分数为0.11~15.04 mg.kg-1,平均值为2.95 mg.kg-1,中值1.47 mg.kg-1,变异系数123.14%;Zn活化率0.26%~24.53%,平均值为5.02%,中值2.72%,变异系数114.87%。相关分析表明全Zn与pH呈极显著正相关,有效Zn与有机质、全氮呈极显著正相关;Zn活化率与pH呈极显著负相关,与有机质、全N呈极显著正相关。通径分析表明pH对全Zn的直接效应最明显;全N对有效Zn和Zn活化率的直接效应最明显,pH和全P对有效Zn和Zn活化率也有较大的负效应。