青霉素过敏者不宜从医

一位新参加工作的护士，因注射青霉素时发生严重过敏反应，经抢救脱险。两个月后．她在为病人配制青霉素液时再次过敏，嗣后一闻到青霉素气味即头昏、心慌、出冷汗、神志恍惚。经向有关专家咨询得知，青霉素过敏者不宜从事医护工作。     

水泥生产急性硫化氢中毒事故分析

硫化氢（H2S）是无色、剧毒,有臭鸡蛋气味的刺激性气体,人体吸入后可致急性中毒,且中毒多为群体急性中毒事件。其毒性作用的主要靶器官是中枢神经系统和呼吸系统,亦可伴有心脏等多器官损害,吸入高浓度硫化氢后立即发生急性中毒,引起昏迷,呼吸与血管中枢麻痹、细胞内缺氧和窒息,     

臭气(恶臭)的测定与气味传感器

由于"气味"具有芳香(香味)和恶臭(臭味)等多种多样的特征,所以很难用同一尺度进行评价。因此,进行气味评价(量化)时,需要在明确目的的基础之上,选择适当的评价方法。在此对恶臭的相关测定方法以及在企业等现场进行自主管理时使用的简易测定方法,气味传感器(恶臭测试仪)的使用事例进行介绍。     

Potential particulate pollution derived from UV-induced degradation of odorous dimethyl sulfide

UV-induced degradation of odorous dimethyl sulfide (DMS) was carried out in a static White cell chamber with UV irradiation. The combination of in situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), wide-range particle spectrometer (WPS) technique, filter sampling and ion chromatographic (IC) analysis was used to monitor the gaseous and potential particulate products. During 240 min of UV irradiation, the degradation e ciency of DMS attained 20.9%, and partially oxidized sulfur-containing gaseous products, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbonyl sulfide (OCS), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) were identified by in situ FT-IR and GC-MS analysis, respectively. Accompanying with the oxidation of DMS, suspended particles were directly detected to be formed by WPS techniques. These particles were measured mainly in the size range of accumulation mode, and increased their count median diameter throughout the whole removal process. IC analysis of the filter samples revealed that methanesulfonic acid (MSA), sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and other unidentified chemicals accounted for the major non-refractory compositions of these particles. Based on products analysis and possible intermediates formed, the degradation pathways of DMS were proposed as the combination of the O(1D)- and the OH- initiated oxidation mechanisms. A plausible formation mechanism of the suspended particles was also analyzed. It is concluded that UV-induced degradation of odorous DMS is potentially a source of particulate pollutants in the atmosphere.     

Quantitative method to determine the regional drinking water odorant regulation goals based on odor sensitivity distribution：Illustrated using 2-MIB

Taste and odor （T/O） in drinking water often cause consumer complaints and are thus regulated in many countries. However, people in different regions may exhibit different sensitivities toward WO. This study proposed a method to determine the regional drinking water odorant regulation goals （ORGs） based on the odor sensitivity distribution of the local population. The distribution of odor sensitivity to 2-methylisobomeol （2-MIB） by the local population in Beijing, China was revealed by using a normal distribution function/model to describe the odor complaint response to a 2-MIB episode in 2005, and a 2-MIB concentration of 12.9 ng/L and FPA （flavor profile analysis） intensity of 2.5 was found to be the critical point to cause odor complaints. Thus the Beijing ORG for 2-MIB was determined to be 12.9 ng/L. Based on the assumption that the local FPA panel can represent the local population in terms of sensitivity to odor, and that the critical FPA intensity causing odor complaints was 2.5, this study tried to determine the ORGs for seven other cities of China by performing FPA tests using an FPA panel from the corresponding city. ORG values between 12.9 and 31.6 ng/L were determined, showing that a unified ORG may not be suitable for drinking water odor regulations. This study presents a novel approach for setting drinking water odor regulations.     

基于气味探测的矿井人员搜救设备探讨

发生冒顶或坍塌事故后确定被困人员的位置是事故救援的关键，分析了灾害时期井下人员搜救方法和特点以及矿井救护现状，针对事故救援现场的特殊条件提出了有源探测的方法，即研究基于气味探测原理的矿井人员搜救方法和设备，并在示踪气体的选择和气味探测器研发方面进行了详细探讨。     

从“烟霾事件”看我国环境保护的软肋

事件回顾 2008年10月28日，南京遭遇烟霾袭击，环境部门监测污染指数超过300，达到重度污染。28日晚上，江苏省气象台发布霾黄色预警信号，提醒人们防范。由于此次烟霾有刺激性气味，人们纷纷躲到室内，关起门窗，事件的发生给市民的生活造成严重影响。后经相关部门查明，此次事件的污染源是秸秆燃烧，着火点主要集中在苏中、苏南等沿江部分县，这些秸秆燃烧的灰尘在特定的气象条件下乘风汇集南京，造成“雾锁南京”的局面。     

大葱虽好也有禁忌

<正>葱对身体有保健作用。葱含有具刺激性气味的挥发油和辣素,能祛除腥膻等油腻厚味菜肴中的异味,产生特殊香气,可以刺激消化液的分泌,增进食欲。挥发性辣素通过汗腺、呼吸道、泌尿系统排出时能轻微刺激相关腺体的分泌,而起到发汗、祛痰、利尿作用。葱的营养价值每100克小葱中含水分90克,蛋白质2.5克,脂肪0.3克,碳水化合物5.4克,钙54毫克,磷61毫克,铁2.2毫克,胡萝卜素0.46毫克,维生素C 15毫克。此外,还含有原果胶、水溶性果胶、硫胺素、核黄素、尼克酸和大蒜素等多种成分。     

手提式气味传感器XP-329Ⅲ(通用型)

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HF生产装置的腐蚀机理及安全防护技术探讨

氢氟酸是清澈、无色、发烟的腐蚀性液体,具有剧烈刺激性气味.可用于制造碳氟化合物和无机氟化物、提炼金属、硅片制作、玻璃刻蚀、搪瓷、酸浸、电抛光、罐头工业及某些清洁剂的成份.